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Wildlife hunting and the increased risk of leprosy transmission in the tropical Americas: a pathogeographical study

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2025年第1期14卷 1-14页

作者： Aliaga-Samanez, Alisa Deps, Patricia D. Fa, Julia E. Real, Raimundo Guégan, Jean-François Oliveira, Marcela A. Pessutti, Aline Knoop, Simon Bogoni, Juliano A. Morcatty, Thais Q. Marques, Roberta Jiménez-García, Daniel Massocato, Gabriel F. Desbiez, Arnaud L. Kluyber, Danilo El Bizri, Hani R. Group of Biogeography Diversity and Conservation Department of Animal Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Malaga Malaga Spain MIVEGEC (UMR University of Montpellier CNRS IRD) Montpellier France Department of Social Medicine Postgraduate Program in Infectious Diseases Federal University of Espírito Santo Vitória Brazil Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) Bogor Indonesia Department of Natural Science Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester United Kingdom Natural Sciences and Environment Hub University of Gibraltar Gibraltar Gibraltar Institute of Biotechnology and Blue Development (IBYDA) University of Malaga Malaga Spain Research Network On Diversity Conservation and Use of Wildlife in Amazonia (RedeFauna) Manaus Brazil Postraduate Program in Conservation and Use of Natural Resources Federal University of Rondônia Rondônia Porto Velho Brazil Department of Biology University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Sainsbury Wellcome Centre University College London London United Kingdom Living Gaia E.V. Berlin Germany Postgraduate Program in Environmental Sciences Limnology Biodiversity and Ethnobiology Research Center of Pantanal Mammalogy Laboratory State University of Mato Grosso MT Cáceres Brazil Department of Geography University College London London United Kingdom Oxford Wildlife Trade Research Group Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Oxford Brookes University Oxford United Kingdom Biodiversity Laboratory Agroecology and Environment Center Institute of Sciences Benemérita Autonomous University of Puebla Puebla Mexico Wildlife Conservation Institute (ICAS) Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande Brazil Houston Zoo Houston TX United States Institute for Ecological Research (IPÊ) Nazaré Paulista Brazil RZSS The Royal Zoological Society of Scotland Edinburgh United Kingdom Faculty of Medicine University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil Research Group on Terrestrial Vertebrate Ecology Mamirauá Sustainable Development Institu

Background: Leprosy remains a persistent public health challenge, where human-to-human transmission of Mycobacterium leprae via respiratory droplets is well established. In the tropical Americas, growing evidence implicates armadillos as important zoonotic reservoirs, particularly through direct contact during hunting and handling. However, such transmission has so far been considered rare and highly localised. This study provides a comprehensive spatial analysis of the role of armadillo hunting in human leprosy transmission, quantifying its contribution to disease prevalence and identifying geographic hotspots where interventions could be most effective. Methods: Using Brazil’s 326,001 reported leprosy cases from 2013 to 2022, we applied a pathogeographical approach to explore transmission dynamics. We compiled data on 554 hunted armadillos across 175 municipalities and M. leprae prevalence in 376 armadillo individuals from 97 municipalities (mean prevalence = 38.5%). These were used to build spatial models assessing hunting-related infection risk and integrated as a variable into a generalised linear model alongside socioeconomic, climatic, and environmental predictors to evaluate their effects on human leprosy prevalence. Results: Key predictors of armadillo hunting included higher population density (P < 0.001) and firearm availability (P < 0.01). Infection in armadillos was negatively correlated with native habitat coverage (coefficient: − 2.28;P < 0.001), suggesting that environmental degradation can amplify infection risk. The armadillo-hunting infection risk variable—generated by combining armadillo hunting and infection favourability models—emerged as the second strongest predictor of human leprosy prevalence (coefficient: 1.69;P < 0.001), accounting for ~ 25% of cases nationally and around 40% in deforestation hotspots. Additional positive predictors included greater precipitation seasonality (coefficient: 0.82;P < 0.001) and malnutrition (coefficient: 0.0

关键词： Armadillo Disease ecology Human-animal interaction Mycobacterium leprae Pathogeography Zoonotic diseases

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TropiRoot 1.0: Database of tropical root characteristics across environments

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Ecology 2025年第5期106卷 e70074页

作者： Amanda L Cordeiro Daniela F Cusack Nathaly Guerrero-Ramírez Richard J Norby Laura Toro Michelle Y Wong S Joseph Wright Kristine Grace M Cabugao Kelly M Andersen Lucia Fuchslueger Colleen M Iversen Fiona Soper Om Prakash Ghimire Laynara F Lugli Ana Caroline Miron Oscar Valverde-Barrantes Marie Arnaud Sarah A Batterman Lee H Dietterich Ming Yang Lee Monique Weemstra Daniela Yaffar Shalom D Addo-Danso Kerstin Pierick Ryan Bridges Carina Easton Isabella Felsing Nathan B Gonçalves Riley Krudop Mason R McKinzie Julia Perbohner Alejandra N Pozzoli-Oropeza Mirna Samaniego Alex W Smilor Ilana S Vargas Layna Webb Jennifer S Powers M Luke McCormack Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Department Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA. Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Smithsonian Balboa Panama. Biodiversity Macroecology and Biogeography University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany. Centre of Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use (CBL) University of Göttingen Göttingen Germany. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Tennessee-Knoxville Knoxville Tennessee USA. Science and Conservation Division Missouri Botanical Garden Saint Louis Missouri USA. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA. The Nature Conservancy Arlington Virginia USA. Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore. Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria. Environment and Climate Hub University of Vienna Vienna Austria. Environmental Science Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee USA. Department of Biology and School of Environment McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada. Plant and Environmental Sciences Department Clemson University Clemson South Carolina USA. School of Life Sciences Technical University of Munich Freising Bavaria Germany. Functional Forest Ecology University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany. Department of Biological Sciences Institute of Environment International Center of Tropical Botany Florida International University Miami Florida USA. CNRS IRD Sorbonne Université INRAE Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences (IEES) Paris France. Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Cary Institute Millbrook New York USA. School of Geography University of Leeds Leeds UK. Department of Biological Sciences International Center for Tropical Biodiversity Florida International University Miami Florida USA. Forest and Climate Change Division

Tropical ecosystems contain the world's largest biodiversity of vascular plants. Yet, our understanding of tropical functional diversity and its contribution to global diversity patterns is constrained by data availability. This discrepancy underscores an urgent need to bridge data gaps by incorporating comprehensive tropical root data into global datasets. Here, we provide a database of tropical root characteristics. This new database, TropiRoot 1.0, will be instrumental in evaluating an array of hypotheses pertaining to root functional ecology and plant biogeography, both within the tropics and relative to other global biomes. The data compilation was conducted by the TropiRoot Initiative, in partnership with the Fine-Root Ecology Database (FRED) and the Global Root Trait (GRooT) database, Colorado State University (CSU) and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI). Literature search and data extraction were conducted between 2020 and 2024. Literature was identified using Web of Science, Scopus, and complemented using the expert knowledge of members of TropiRoot. To provide broad environmental and geographical distributions, literature searches included root characteristics (traits) across global change drivers, natural gradients, and from different continents. We adopted FRED standardized data columns and streamlined the format to enhance accessibility for data extraction across various user groups. This optimized framework resulted in a smaller, yet comprehensive datasheet. To make the database compatible with other global root trait initiatives, column identification was standardized following the codes provided by FRED. These efforts culminated in data extracted from 104 new sources, resulting in more than 8000 rows of data (either species or community data). Most of the data in TropiRoot 1.0 include root characteristics such as root biomass, morphology, root dynamics, mass fraction, architecture, anatomy, physiology, and root chemistry. This initiat

关键词： FRED TropiRoot database functional traits plants root characteristics root traits tropical

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From the Field: Artificial nest cavities forAmazonaparrots

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Wildlife Society Bulletin 2010年第2期33卷

作者： Thomas H. White Jr. Wilfredo Abreu-González Miguel Toledo-González Pablo Torres-Báez Thomas H. White Jr.(far left) is a Wildlife Biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Puerto Rican Parrot Recovery Program where he has worked since 1999. From late 1996 to 1999 Tom worked as a Postdoctoral Research Associate with North Carolina State University conducting experimental releases of captive-reared Hispaniolan Parrots in the Dominican Republic. Tom has a B.S. in Natural Resources Management from the University of Tennessee at Martin a M.S. in Wildlife Management from Louisiana State University and a Ph.D. in Forest Resources from Mississippi State University. Tom has also worked in wildlife law enforcement when he was an undercover wildlife officer for the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency from 1986 to 1992. His research interests currently are focused on the use of translocations and reintroductions in the conservation of endangered Psittacines.

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Abstracts Of Shellfish Technical Papers Presented at the joint meeting of the Northeast Aquaculture Conference and Exposition Milford Aquaculture Seminar and the International Conference on Shellfish Restoration Groton, Connecticut December 12–15, 2012

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Journal of Shellfish Research 2013年第2期32卷 571-612页

作者： Walter Blogoslawski Christopher Davis Dorothy Leonard Lisa Milke Steven Allen Peter Bergstrom A.C. Carpenter Mark Luckenbach Kennedy Paynter Angela Sowers Eric Weissberger James Wesson Stephanie Westby Steven Allen Stephanie Westby Claire O'Neil Angela Sowers Eric Weisberrger Oliver Bender Peter Boyce Gabriel Betty Mark Borrelli Anamarija Frankic Curtis Felix Jennifer Wilson Peter Boyce Oliver Bender Suzanne Bricker Tessa Getchis Cary Chadwick Julie Rose Cori Rose Kelsey Brockett Jessica Peterman David Bushek Daphne Munroe Eric Powell Lisa Calvo Barney Hollinger William Riggin William Shadel Jenny Paterno Ryan Carnegie David Bushek Carole Cyr Lisandre G. Solomon Francoise Bourque Tyler Carrier Stephen Eddy Sarah Redmond James Cervino Rand Weeks Jason Shorr Carmen Lin Dajana Gjoza Thomas J. Goreau Erik Chapman Derrick Chelikowsky Diane Kapareiko Dorothy Jefferess Gary Wikfors Carmela Cuomo Joseph Choromanski Sheila Stiles Dorothy Jeffress Haley Ladeau Loren Coen Boze Hancock Lesley Baggett Sean Powers Rob Brumbaugh Summer Morlock Bryan DeAngelis Anne Cohen Daniel McCorkle Gail Schwietermann Kathryn Rose Dave Conley SaiGiridhar Dasika April Croxton Soren Dahl Debra Barnes Bassem Allam Jonathan Davis Brian Allen Betsy Peabody Jonathan Davis Julie Davis William Walton Donatella Del Piero Michael Devin Molly Flanagan Paul Rawson Chauncey Devin Dana Morse Mark S. Dixon Genevieve Bernatchez Kelsey Boeff Eve Galimany Yaqin Li Aynur Lok Shannon L. Meseck Marguerite Petit Sean Dixon Sam Lee Dennis O'Connor Kelly Drake Shelley Edmundson Elizabeth Fairchild Melissa Evans Allison Fitzgerald Chester Zarnoch William Wallace Amy Fitzpatrick Gef Flimlin Sandra Macfarlane Gef Flimlin Thomas Foca David Bushek Timothy Visel Walter Blogoslawski Deborah A. Bouchard Joseph Buttner John Ewart Ann Faulds George E. Flimlin Doris Hicks Craig Hollingsworth Andrew Lazur Dale Leavitt Dennis McIntosh Dana L. Morse Tom Rippen Gregg Rivara Roxanna Smolowitz Dan Terlizzi Don Webster Michael Chambers Diane C. Murphy Robert Pomeroy Josh Reitsma Mic U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center Milford Laboratory 212 Rogers Avenue Milford CT 06460 Maine Aquaculture Innovation Center 5717 Corbett Hall Room 436 Orono ME 04469 Ocean Equities LLC 776 Rolling View Drive Annapolis MD 21409. Oyster Recovery Partnership 1805A Virginia St Annapolis MD 21401 NOAA Chesapeake Bay Office 410 Severn Ave Suite 207-A Annapolis MD 21403 Potomac River Fisheries Commission 222 Taylor St Colonial Beach VA 22443 Virginia Institute of Marine Science Eastern Shore Laboratory PO Box 350 Wachapreague VA 23480 1213 HJ Patterson Hall University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Baltimore District P.O. Box 1715 Baltimore MD 21203 Maryland Department of Natural Resources 580 Taylor Ave Annapolis MD 21401 Virginia Marine Resources Commission 2600 Washington Ave Newport News VA 23607 NOAA Restoration Center 410 Severn Ave Annapolis MD 21403. Oyster Recovery Partnership 1805A Virginia St Annpolis MD 21401 National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration 410 Severn Ave Suite 107-A Annapolis MD 21403 USA Army Corps of Engineers 10 South Howard St Baltimore MD 21201 Maryland Department of Natural Resources 580 Taylor Ave Tawes State Office Building Annapolis MD 21401. Maria Mitchell Association 4 Vestal St Nantucket MA 02554 Maria Mitchell Association 65 Meadowview Drive Nantucket MA 02554. University of Rhode Island 620 Main St. Hopkinton RI 02832. Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies 5 Holway Avenue Provincetown MA 02657 University of Massachusetts Boston 100 Morrissey Blvd Boston Massachusetts Boston MA Town of Wellfleet 300 Main Street Wellfleet Massachusetts MA 02667. Maria Mitchell Association 65 Meadowview Dr Nantucket MA 02554. NOAA National Center for Coastal Ocean Science 1305 East West Highway Room 8110 Silver Spring MD 20910 Connecticut Sea Grant University o

It was with great excitement that we planned the combined meetings of Northeast Aquaculture Conference and Exposition (NACE) and the International Conference on Shellfish Restoration (ICSR) with the 33rd Milford Aquaculture Seminar (MAS). Bringing these different but complementary audiences together resulted in a meeting that combined many different aspects of fisheries restoration and aquaculture under one *** hundred attendees including government representatives, research scientists, industry, and academia at both the university and vocational high school levels attended this event. The meeting commenced on Wednesday December 12th 2012, with over eighty people attending seven field trips to area aquaculture farms and research facilities. The formal program began on Thursday, December 13th with a plenary session including invited speakers Eric Schwabb, Acting Assistant Secretary for conservation and Management at NOAA; Sebastian Belle, Executive Director of the Maine Aquaculture Association and Boze Hancock from the Nature Conservancy, who discussed the role of aquaculture in fisheries restoration. John Bullard, the Northeast Regional Administrator of NOAA Fisheries Service, addressed the group during the luncheon the following day. The technical papers and workshops presented were divided into 35 sessions over three days of the meeting and included topics such as the history of aquaculture, aquaculture hatchery innovations, siting and planning issues, risk management, aquaculture business management, ocean acidification, climate change, as well as aquaculture disease issues and potential remedies. Having persons present who have experienced problems and successes, along with those in manufacturing and government responsible for addressing concerns and sharing best practices, was invaluable. Discussions among this cross-section of persons who represent different aspects of aquaculture were as important as the well-presented and interesting formal papers

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Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

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Scientific data 2021年第1期8卷 72页

作者： Gilberto Pastorello Carlo Trotta Eleonora Canfora Housen Chu Danielle Christianson You-Wei Cheah Cristina Poindexter Jiquan Chen Abdelrahman Elbashandy Marty Humphrey Peter Isaac Diego Polidori Markus Reichstein Alessio Ribeca Catharine van Ingen Nicolas Vuichard Leiming Zhang Brian Amiro Christof Ammann M Altaf Arain Jonas Ardö Timothy Arkebauer Stefan K Arndt Nicola Arriga Marc Aubinet Mika Aurela Dennis Baldocchi Alan Barr Eric Beamesderfer Luca Belelli Marchesini Onil Bergeron Jason Beringer Christian Bernhofer Daniel Berveiller Dave Billesbach Thomas Andrew Black Peter D Blanken Gil Bohrer Julia Boike Paul V Bolstad Damien Bonal Jean-Marc Bonnefond David R Bowling Rosvel Bracho Jason Brodeur Christian Brümmer Nina Buchmann Benoit Burban Sean P Burns Pauline Buysse Peter Cale Mauro Cavagna Pierre Cellier Shiping Chen Isaac Chini Torben R Christensen James Cleverly Alessio Collalti Claudia Consalvo Bruce D Cook David Cook Carole Coursolle Edoardo Cremonese Peter S Curtis Ettore D'Andrea Humberto da Rocha Xiaoqin Dai Kenneth J Davis Bruno De Cinti Agnes de Grandcourt Anne De Ligne Raimundo C De Oliveira Nicolas Delpierre Ankur R Desai Carlos Marcelo Di Bella Paul di Tommasi Han Dolman Francisco Domingo Gang Dong Sabina Dore Pierpaolo Duce Eric Dufrêne Allison Dunn Jiří Dušek Derek Eamus Uwe Eichelmann Hatim Abdalla M ElKhidir Werner Eugster Cacilia M Ewenz Brent Ewers Daniela Famulari Silvano Fares Iris Feigenwinter Andrew Feitz Rasmus Fensholt Gianluca Filippa Marc Fischer John Frank Marta Galvagno Mana Gharun Damiano Gianelle Bert Gielen Beniamino Gioli Anatoly Gitelson Ignacio Goded Mathias Goeckede Allen H Goldstein Christopher M Gough Michael L Goulden Alexander Graf Anne Griebel Carsten Gruening Thomas Grünwald Albin Hammerle Shijie Han Xingguo Han Birger Ulf Hansen Chad Hanson Juha Hatakka Yongtao He Markus Hehn Bernard Heinesch Nina Hinko-Najera Lukas Hörtnagl Lindsay Hutley Andreas Ibrom Hiroki Ikawa Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski Dalibor Janouš Wilma Jans Rachhpal Jassal Shicheng Jiang Tomomichi Kato Myr Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA. gzpastorello@lbl.gov. DIBAF University of Tuscia Viterbo 01100 Italy. Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change Foundation (CMCC) Lecce 73100 Italy. Climate & Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA. Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA 94720 USA. Department of Civil Engineering California State University Sacramento CA 95819 USA. Department of Geography Environment and Spatial Sciences Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48823 USA. Department of Computer Science University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA. TERN Ecosystem Processes Menzies Creek VIC3159 Australia. Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Jena 07701 Germany. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE) CEA CNRS UVSQ UPSACLAY Gif sur Yvette 91190 France. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China. Department of Soil Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T2N2 Canada. Department of Agroecology and Environment Agroscope Research Institute Zürich 8046 Switzerland. School of Geography and Earth Sciences McMaster University L8S4K1 Hamilton ON Canada. Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University Lund 22362 Sweden. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE 68583 USA. School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences The University of Melbourne Richmond VIC3121 Australia. Department of Biology Research Group PLECO University of Antwerp Antwerp 2610 Belgium. Joint Research Centre European Commission Ispra 21027 Italy. TERRA Teaching and Research Center University of Liege Gembloux B-5030 Belgium. Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki 00560 Finland. ES

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