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Human Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis Knowledge and Retention Among Health Professionals by Using an Online Continuing Education Module: Arizona, 2012 to 2015

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Pedagogy in Health Promotion 2019年第1期5卷 14-23页

作者： Venkat, Heather Matthews, James Narang, Jigna Sunenshine, Rebecca Adams, Laura E. Bunko, Andrean M. White, Jessica R. Levy, Craig Sylvester, Tammy Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epidemic Intelligence Service Program Division of Scientific Education and Professional Development Atlanta GA United States Maricopa County Department of Public Health Phoenix AZ United States Arizona Department of Health Services Phoenix AZ United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response Career Epidemiology Field Officer Program Division of State and Local Readiness Atlanta GA United States

Rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) is administered for rabies prevention after a human exposure to a potentially rabid animal, such as a bite. Previous studies have reported that rabies PEP is often inappropriately administered. Health professional education was proposed as one potential solution to address inappropriate PEP use. We assessed baseline knowledge, knowledge gain, and knowledge retention among health professionals in Arizona of rabies epidemiology and appropriate PEP administration. Maricopa County Department of Public Health created an online rabies PEP continuing education module and measured knowledge before and after module completion using a 10-question test. The same test was administered three times (pretest, posttest, and retention test at ≥3 months). To assess knowledge gain and retention, we compared median scores using nonparametric methods. A total of 302 respondents completed the pretest (median score, 60%) and posttest (median score, 90%;p <.001);98 respondents completed all three tests with median scores 60% (pretest), 90% (posttest, p <.01), and 80% (retention test and compared with pretest, p <.01). Sixty-nine (70%) respondents improved their pretest to retention test score by a mean of 2.4 points out of a total 10 points (median: 2 points;range: −5 to 7 points). Only 48% of pretest respondents correctly answered that PEP should not be administered immediately to anyone bitten by a healthy dog. However, 81% and 70% answered correctly on the posttest (p <.0001) and retention test (p =.002), respectively. Respondents demonstrated rabies epidemiology and PEP knowledge gain and ≥3-month knowledge retention after completing the online continuing education module. © 2018 Society for Public Health Education.

关键词： continuing education PEP public health rabies

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Estimation of the risk of lung cancer in women participating in a population-based breast cancer screening program

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Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition) 2020年第5期56卷 277-281页

作者： Adrián González-Marrón Juan Carlos Martín-Sánchez Ferrán Garcia-Alemany Encarna Martínez-Martín Nuria Matilla-Santander Àurea Cartanyà-Hueso Carmen Vidal Montse García Jose M. Martínez-Sánchez Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies Universitat Internacional de Catalunya Sant Cugat del Vallès Spain Screening Cancer Unit Cancer Prevention and Control Program Institut Català d’Oncologia L’Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain Cancer Epidemiology and Cancer Prevention Program T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA

Introduction Lung cancer mortality is increasing in women. In Spain, estimates suggest that lung cancer mortality may soon surpass breast cancer mortality, the main cause of cancer mortality among women. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of women at high risk of developing lung cancer in a group of participants in a population-based breast cancer screening program. Methods Cross-sectional study in a sample of women who participated in a population-based breast cancer screening program in 2016 in Hospitalet de Llobregat n = 1,601. High risk of lung cancer was defined according to the inclusion criteria of the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) and the Dutch-Belgian randomized lung cancer screening trial (NELSON). Results Around 20% of smokers according to NLST and 40% of smokers according to NELSON criteria, and around 20% of former smokers according to both criteria, are at high risk of developing lung cancer. A positive and statistically significant trend is observed between the proportion of women at high risk and nicotine dependence measured with the brief Fagerström Test. Conclusions A high proportion of participants in this breast cancer screening program have a high risk of developing lung cancer and would be eligible to participate in a lung cancer screening program. Population-based breast cancer screening programs may be useful to implement lung cancer primary prevention activities. Introducción La mortalidad por cáncer de pulmón está aumentando en mujeres. Se ha proyectado que en España pueda superar a la mortalidad por cáncer de mama, la principal causa de mortalidad por cáncer en mujeres, en pocos años. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar la proporción de mujeres que presentan alto riesgo de desarrollar cáncer de pulmón en un grupo de participantes en un cribado poblacional de cáncer de mama. Métodos Estudio transversal de una muestra de mujeres que participaron en un cribado poblacional de cáncer de mama en el año 2016 en Hospita

关键词： Lung cancer Smoking Secondary prevention Primary prevention Tobacco Cáncer de pulmón Fumar Prevención secundaria Prevención primaria Tabaco

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Seroprevalence and humoral immune durability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Wuhan, China: a longitudinal, population-level, cross-sectional study

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The Lancet 2021年第10279期397卷 1075-1084页

作者： He, Zhenyu Ren, Lili Yang, Juntao Guo, Li Feng, Luzhao Ma, Chao Wang, Xia Leng, Zhiwei Tong, Xunliang Zhou, Wang Wang, Geng Zhang, Ting Guo, Yan Wu, Chao Wang, Qing Liu, Manqing Wang, Conghui Jia, Mengmeng Hu, Xuejiao Wang, Ying Zhang, Xingxing Hu, Rong Zhong, Jingchuan Dai, Juan Chen, Lan Zhou, Xiaoqi Wang, Jianwei Yang, Weizhong Wang, Chen Wuhan Center for Disease Control & Prevention Wuhan China National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Mérieux Laboratory Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Beijing Hospital National Center for Gerontology Institute of Geriatric Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases China-Japan Friendship Hospital Beijing China National Center for Respiratory Medicine Beijing China Chinese Academy of Engineering Beijing China

Background: Wuhan was the epicentre of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. We aimed to determine the seroprevalence and kinetics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at population level in Wuhan to inform the development of vaccination strategies. Methods: In this longitudinal cross-sectional study, we used a multistage, population-stratified, cluster random sampling method to systematically select 100 communities from the 13 districts of Wuhan. Households were systematically selected from each community and all family members were invited to community health-care centres to participate. Eligible individuals were those who had lived in Wuhan for at least 14 days since Dec 1, 2019. All eligible participants who consented to participate completed a standardised electronic questionnaire of demographic and clinical questions and self-reported any symptoms associated with COVID-19 or previous diagnosis of COVID-19. A venous blood sample was taken for immunological testing on April 14–15, 2020. Blood samples were tested for the presence of pan-immunoglobulins, IgM, IgA, and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and neutralising antibodies were assessed. We did two successive follow-ups between June 11 and June 13, and between Oct 9 and Dec 5, 2020, at which blood samples were taken. Findings: Of 4600 households randomly selected, 3599 families (78·2%) with 9702 individuals attended the baseline visit. 9542 individuals from 3556 families had sufficient samples for analyses. 532 (5·6%) of 9542 participants were positive for pan-immunoglobulins against SARS-CoV-2, with a baseline adjusted seroprevalence of 6·92% (95% CI 6·41–7·43) in the population. 437 (82·1%) of 532 participants who were positive for pan-immunoglobulins were asymptomatic. 69 (13·0%) of 532 individuals were positive for IgM antibodies, 84 (15·8%) were positive for IgA antibodies, 532 (100%) were positive for IgG antibodies, and 212 (39·8%) were positive for neutralising antibodies at baseline. The pro

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Breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening prevalence in the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands

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Cancer Epidemiology 2025年 97卷 102851页

作者： Gopalani, Sameer V. Qin, Jin Buenconsejo-Lum, Lee Thompson, Trevor D. Miller, Jacqueline W. Luther, X.-N. Reichhardt, Martina Senkomago, Virginia Palafox, Neal A. Kabua, Neiar Ikerdeu, Edolem Cash McGinley, Haley L. Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Oak Ridge TN United States John A Burns School of Medicine University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu HI United States Department of Health and Social Affairs National Government of the Federated States of Micronesia Pohnpei Federated States of Micronesia Yap State Department of Health Services Yap Federated States of Micronesia National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program Ministry of Health & Human Services Majuro Marshall Islands Division of Primary and Preventive Health Services Bureau of Public Health and Human Services Ministry of Health and Human Services Koror Palau Pacific Island Health Officers Association Honolulu HI United States

Background: Breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening are recommended and can reduce mortality from these cancers, yet information on screening prevalence in the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI) is limited. Methods: We analyzed data from population-based cross-sectional surveys undertaken at different time points from 2016 to 2019 in American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Republic of Palau, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Federated States of Micronesia states of Pohnpei and Kosrae. We estimated the age-standardized percentage of never screened and up-to-date screening for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer among eligible adults by select sociodemographic and health characteristics. Results: In the USAPI overall, 20.6 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 18.6, 22.8) of participants were up-to-date with breast cancer screening, 38.6 % (95 % CI: 37.1, 40.2) with cervical cancer screening, and 15.1 % (95 % CI: 13.8, 16.4) with colorectal cancer screening. Screening in the USAPI overall was lower for all three cancers among participants who reported having a high school education or less compared to those with more than a high school education. Cervical cancer screening was lower among participants with diabetes compared to those without diabetes, and colorectal cancer screening was lower among participants who reported tobacco use than among those without tobacco use. Conclusion: Cancer screening was suboptimal across all three cancer types in the USAPI. Developing, implementing, or expanding culturally tailored and effective cancer screening strategies may address barriers to screening and improve access and utilization. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： breast cancer cancer screening cervical cancer colorectal cancer Pacific Islands screening disparities

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1977. Vaccine confidence among the adult population of Bishkek and Naryn, Kyrgyz Republic, 2021

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2022年第SUPPLEMENT_2期9卷

作者： Malysheva, Marina Horth, Roberta Nabirova, Dilyara Zikriyarova, Sanam Central Asia Region Field Epidemiology Training Program Bishkek Kyrgyzstan Bishkek Bishkek Kyrgyzstan US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Dulles Virginia US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Regional Office of Central Asia Almaty Kazakhstan Almaty Almaty Kazakhstan Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov Almaty Almaty Kazakhstan

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467 - Situation épidémiologique des patients admis au Centre de traitement de la Maladie à virus Ebola de Beni dans le nord Kivu en 2018 en République mémocratique du Congo

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Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 2022年 70卷 S166-S166页

作者： S. Fasine A. Magazani L. Lubula J.P. Buhalagarha S. Angi J. Mambo J. Mumbere N. Mandela N. Mandeng G.G. Koumé Institut National de Recherches Biomédicales Congo DRC Field Epidemiology Training Program (FELT) Congo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC Africa) Ministère de la Santé Publique Congo Cameroun Field Epidemiology training Program (CFETP) Cameroun

Contexte En République Démocratique du Congo, l'actuelle épidémie de la maladie à virus Ebola sévit depuis août 2018 jusqu’à nos jours, elle est la dixième, la plus me...

Contexte En République Démocratique du Congo, l'actuelle épidémie de la maladie à virus Ebola sévit depuis août 2018 jusqu’à nos jours, elle est la dixième, la plus meurtrière et plus complexe avec plus de 3000 cas et plus de 2000 décès. Méthodes La période d'analyse est de la semaine 30 à la semaine 49 de l'année 2018. Pour comparer les proportions, le test de Chi2 a été utilisé et le test t de Student pour la comparaison des moyennes. Ces données sont issues de la liste linéaire des admissions du Centre de traitement de la maladie à Virus Ebola de Béni. Résultats Au total, 1196 patients toutes causes confondues ont été admis au CTE dont 566 femmes soit 47,32 %; environ 10 % de ces admissions étaient des enfants âgés de moins de 5 ans. Parmi les patients admis, 164 (13,71 %) ont été confirmés avec 65 cas de décès. La létalité pendant cette période est de 39,63 %. Il y a eu 12 femmes enceintes confirmés et 17 femmes allaitantes. Globalement, on avait noté une baisse des admissions à partir de la semaine 46 et une baisse des décès à partir de la semaine 43. Discussion/Conclusion Pendant cette période, il y a eu stabilisation de l’épidémie à Béni, les femmes restent les plus touchées. La situation sécuritaire avec comme conséquence le déplacement massif de la population reste ainsi que la prise en charge des guéris reste un grand souci. Probablement cette situation pourrait cacher des poches à risque d’éclosion ultérieure. Déclaration de liens d'intérêts Les auteurs déclarent ne pas avoir de liens d'intérêts.

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1718. Effectiveness of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease among children in the United States between 2010 and 2019: an indirect cohort study

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2023年第SUPPLEMENT_2期10卷

作者： Kristin Andrejko Ryan Gierke Jemma Rowlands Jennifer Rosen Ann Thomas Zachary Landis Maria Rosales Susan Petit William Schaffner Corinne Holtzman Monica M Farley Meghan Barnes Lee Harrison Lesley McGee Sopio Chochua Jennifer Verani Adam Cohen Tamara Pilishvili Miwako Kobyashi CDC Centers of Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia New York State Department of Health Albany New York NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Long Island City New York Oregon Health Authority Portland Oregon Emerging Infections Program University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico California Emerging Infections Program Oakland California Connecticut Department of Public Health Hartford Connecticut Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville Tennessee Minnesota Department of Health St. Paul Minnesota Emory University School of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases Atlanta Georgia Colorado Department of Public Health and Enviroment Denver Colorado University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia Centers for Disease Control Atlanta Georgia

Background The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced for infant use in the United States in 2010, replacing PCV7. A U.S. case-control study (2010–2014) demonstrated vaccine effectiveness (VE) for ≥1 dose of PCV13 at 86%; however, this study lacked statistical power to examine VE by number of doses and against individual serotypes.

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Determining Filipinos’ Preferences for Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests: Insights From a Choice-Based Conjoint Analysis

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AJPM Focus 2025年第1期4卷 100300-100300页

作者： Crochetiere, Austin Lauzon, Marie Chaplin, Antwon Almario, Christopher V. Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California United States Biostatistics Shared Resource Cedars-Sinai Cancer Los Angeles California United States Cedars-Sinai Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CS-CORE) Los Angeles California United States Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California United States Division of Health Services Research Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California United States Division of Informatics Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California United States Cancer Prevention & Control Program Cedars-Sinai Cancer Los Angeles California United States

Introduction: Filipinos in the U.S. have worse colorectal cancer screening rates and outcomes than non-Hispanic Whites, despite 85% of Filipinos being proficient in English and having insurance rates, education, and incomes that exceed those of the general population. To begin to address this disparity, the authors used conjoint analysis—a method that assesses complex decision making—to better understand Filipinos’ preferences for the different colorectal cancer screening test options. Methods: The authors conducted a conjoint analysis survey among unscreened Filipinos aged ≥40 years at average risk for colorectal cancer to determine the relative importance of screening test attributes in their decision making (e.g., modality, effectiveness at reducing colorectal cancer risk, bowel prep). The authors also performed simulations to estimate the proportion of people who would prefer to do an annual fecal immunochemical test or colonoscopy every 10 years for their screening. Results: Overall, 105 Filipinos completed the survey;most respondents were female (74.3%) and aged 40–49 years (84.8%). The authors observed that test modality was the most important factor in respondents’ decision making. After conducting simulations using the conjoint analysis data, the authors noted that 70 (66.7%) Filipinos preferred to do an annual fecal immunochemical test for their screening, whereas 35 (33.3%) wanted to do a colonoscopy every 10 years. Conclusions: The authors found that 2 in 3 Filipinos prefer fecal immunochemical test to colonoscopy for their colorectal cancer screening. To address colorectal cancer disparities in the Filipino community, investigators, health systems, public health agencies, and community organizations need to develop culturally tailored, sustainable interventions, and such programs may want to focus on improving education on and access to fecal immunochemical test. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： colorectal cancer screening disparities Filipino patient preference

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Provider Perspectives: Identification and Follow-up of Infants who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing

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American Journal of Perinatology 2022年第S 01期41卷 e694-e710页

作者： Robyn A. Cree Rebecca Bitsko Cheri Grimm Ashley Nash Eric S. Cahill Eugenia Dunham Naeemah Logan Susannah L. McKay David R. Martinez Marcus Gaffney Epidemic Intelligence Service U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia Division of Human Development and Disability National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities (NCBDDD) U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Atlanta Georgia Texas Early Hearing and Detection Intervention Program (TEHDI) Texas Department of State Health Services (TDSHS) Austin Texas Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education (ORISE) Oak Ridge Tennessee Division of Global HIV and TB National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia Division of Viral Diseases National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia

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Randomized Trial of a Multimodal Intervention to Enhance Sexual Function and Quality of Life (QOL) in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) Survivors

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Transplantation and Cellular Therapy 2024年第2期30卷 S342-S342页

作者： El-Jawahri, Areej R., MD Reese, Jennifer Barsky, PhD Traeger, Lara, PhD Dizon, Don, MD Bober, Sharon, PhD Vanderklish, Julie, CNP Horick, Nora Newcomb, Richard Andrew, MD DeFilipp, Zachariah, MD Chen, Dr. Yi-Bin, MD Temel, Jennifer, MD Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA Cancer Prevention and Control Program Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia PA Psychology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA Rhode Island Hospital Rhode Island RI Dana Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA Hematopoietic Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Program Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA Medicine Division of Hematology & Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA

BackgroundSexual dysfunction is the most common complication affecting HSCT survivors and is associated with worse psychological distress and patient QOL. Yet, interventions to address sexual dysfunction in HSCT survivors are lacking. MethodsWe conducted a single center randomized clinical trial of a multimodal intervention to address sexual dysfunction in autologous and allogeneic HSCT survivors who were at least 3 months post-HSCT and endorsed sexual dysfunction causing distress. Patients were randomly assigned to the intervention or usual care. Intervention participants met with a trained HSCT clinician for three monthly visits that focused on 1) assessing the causes of their sexual dysfunction; 2) educating and empowering patients to address sexual health concerns; and 3) implementing therapeutic interventions (e.g., vaginal lubrication, medications, intimacy exercises, etc.). We assessed patient global satisfaction with sex, interest in sex, orgasm pleasure, erectile function, vaginal discomfort (PROMIS), QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bone Marrow Transplant [FACT-BMT]), and psychological distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression-Scale [HADS]) at baseline and 3 months after enrollment. The primary endpoint was to compare patient global satisfaction with sex at three months between the study groups. We used linear regression models, adjusting for baseline scores, to evaluate the intervention effects on study outcomes at three months. ResultsWe enrolled 74.0% (125/169) of eligible patients (mean age = 55.5 (SD=14.0), 67% male). Overall, 93.7% (60/64) of those randomized to the intervention attended all three intervention visits. At 3 months, patients randomized to the intervention reported improved global satisfaction with sex (B=4.7, P<0.001), interest in sex (B=1.3, P<0.001), orgasm pleasure (B=3.3, P<0.001), erectile function (B=10.9, P<0.001), and vaginal discomfort (B=-9.6, P=0.008) compared to those assigned to usual care. Intervention partici

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