Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II), also known as Hunter syndrome, is an X-linked condition caused by pathogenic variants in the iduronate-2-sulfatase gene. The resulting reduced activity of the enzyme iduronate-2...
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BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of excess weight in children younger than 5 years suggests the involvement of early-life risk factors. The preconception and pregnancy periods are crucial stages for the implementation of...
BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of excess weight in children younger than 5 years suggests the involvement of early-life risk factors. The preconception and pregnancy periods are crucial stages for the implementation of interventions to prevent childhood obesity. Most studies so far have evaluated the effects of early-life factors separately, with only a few investigating the combined effect of parental lifestyle factors. Our objective was to fill the literature gap regarding parental lifestyle factors in the preconception and pregnancy periods and to study their association with the risk of overweight in children after the age of 5 years. METHODS: We harmonised and interpreted data from four European mother-offspring cohorts (EDEN [comprising 1900 families], Elfe [comprising 18 000 families], Lifeways [comprising 1100 families], and Generation R [comprising 9500 families]). Written informed consent was obtained from parents of all involved children. Lifestyle factor data collected through questionnaires comprised parental smoking, BMI, gestational weight gain, diet, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour. We applied principal component analyses to identify multiple lifestyle patterns in preconception and pregnancy. Their association with child BMI z-score and risk of overweight (including obesity, overweight and obesity, as defined by the International Task Force reference) between the ages of 5 and 12 years were assessed using cohort-specific multivariable linear and logistic regression models (adjusted for confounders including parental age, education level, employment status, geographic origin, parity, and household income). FINDINGS: Among the various lifestyle patterns identified in all cohorts, the two that better explained variance were high parental smoking plus low maternal diet quality or high maternal sedentary behaviour, and high parental BMI plus low gestational weight gain. Overall, we observed that patterns characterised by high parental BMI, smoki
Background Hand hygiene (HH) is the single most important infection prevention practice to prevent the transmission of organisms to patients and employees in a healthcare setting. Hand hygiene compliance monitoring in...
Background Hand hygiene (HH) is the single most important infection prevention practice to prevent the transmission of organisms to patients and employees in a healthcare setting. Hand hygiene compliance monitoring in our diverse pediatric ambulatory network has occurred since 2011 via staff observation or family feedback forms. A review of HH data collected in 2018 for 97 ambulatory locations raised concerns about data integrity and reliability. Methods In partnership with ambulatory network leaders, sixteen (16) locations were selected for targeted observations of the data collection process due to data integrity concerns including: data saturation due to over submission of observation data, consistent high compliance of sites, consistent low compliance of sites, failure to submit data, and incorrect submission of HH moments. Our HH program manager visited each site to interview and observe staff responsible for onsite HH monitoring. Results Each of the 16 locations had variable data collection processes. Targeted observations identified errors in the data submission process, an incomplete understanding of the number of observations to be performed, and inconsistencies in defining HH breaches. Qualitative interviews with staff elicited lack of formal training on how to observe, collect, and enter data. Staff also expressed discomfort providing feedback when HH breaches/misses are observed. A standard operating procedure (SOP) was developed to address inconsistency in knowledge and practice. Issues with submission and compliance inconsistencies were addressed through mistake proofing the database where collected HH data are submitted. Conclusions Comprehensive rounding of HH data collection across a diverse pediatric ambulatory network revealed need for standardized education and data collection methods and tools for ambulatory hand hygiene observers. Consistent communication and continued interfacing with staff and leadership has increased the capability of the co
BackgroundSurveillance ofC. difficileinfection (CDI), one of the most common U.S. healthcare-associated infections, is essential to inform public health response, characterize strains causing disease, and describe cha...
Background
Surveillance of
C. difficile
infection (CDI), one of the most common U.S. healthcare-associated infections, is essential to inform public health response, characterize strains causing disease, and describe changes in strain prevalence over time. The U.S. CDC’s Emerging Infections program (EIP) has conducted active CDI surveillance, including culturing of
C. difficile
from a convenience sample of stool samples from cases, since 2009. Cary-Blair transport medium (CBTM) is used by some clinical laboratories for stool testing, but little is known about its impact on the recovery of
C. difficile
from culture.
BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals performed widespread screening for SARS-CoV-2, resulting in identification of asymptomatic or mildly ill persons with SARS-CoV-2 who were admitted for other reasons. W...
Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals performed widespread screening for SARS-CoV-2, resulting in identification of asymptomatic or mildly ill persons with SARS-CoV-2 who were admitted for other reasons. We examined trends in reasons for admission to identify hospitalized adults with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test likely admitted for COVID-19-related illness.
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