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The dietary inflammatory index in women diagnosed with breast cancer after 12 months of dietary. Treatment with a Mediterranean diet low in glycemic index: data from DEDICA randomized controlled trial

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Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases 2021年第11期31卷 3256-3256页

作者： S. Vitale V. Mattioli N. Shivappa J.R. Hebert E. Palumbo G. Porciello C. Montagnese I. Calabrese R. Pica M. Prete A. Luongo M. Grimaldi A. Crispo L. Falzone M. Libra J. Polesel D. Serraino L. Poletto L.S.A. Augustin National Cancer Institute Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione Giovanni Pascale” Naples Italy National Cancer Institute Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO) IRCCS Epidemiology Unit Aviano Italy Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia SC USA Department of Nutrition Connecting Health Innovations LLC Columbia SC USA Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Federico II University Naples Italy Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences Oncologic Clinical and General Pathology Section University of Catania Italy

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Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and Lung Function in Adults from Ten European Countries – Evidence from the GA2LEN Follow-Up Survey

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Current Developments in Nutrition 2020年第SUPPL 2期4卷 4141393-4141393页

作者： de Castro Mendes, Francisca Thawer, Sumaiyya Shivappa, Nitin Hebert, James R. Burney, Peter GJ Garcia-Larsen, Vanessa Visiting Scholar The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg of Public Health PhD Student Serviço de Imunologia Básica e Clínica Departamento de Patologia Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto EPI Unit - Instituto de Saúde Pública Universidade do Porto Swiss Tropical Institute of Public Health University of Basel Basel Switzerland Cancer Prevention and Control Program University of South Carolina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Connecting Health Innovations LLC Director Cancer Prevention and Control Program University of South Carolina Health Sciences Distinguished Professor Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina President and Scientific Director Connecting Health Innovations LLC National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London UK Program in Human Nutrition Department of International Health The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and lung function in European adults. MethodsThe study sample was drawn from the Global Allergy and Asthma Network of Excellence (GA 2LEN) screening survey, in which 55,000 adults aged 15 to 75 years answered a postal questionnaire on respiratory symptoms. A stratified random sample was obtained for follow-up. A cross-sectional study was conducted in this sample ( n = 3241), which included ascertainment of dietary intake and measures of lung function. Participants completed the internationally validated GA 2LEN food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which enquired about usual intake of 245 food items. The dietary inflammatory index (DII®) was derived to ascertain the inflammatory potential of the diet (minimum and maximum reference range –8.87 to 7.98; i.e., the higher the score the more pro-inflammatory the diet). Participants performed post-bronchodilator spirometry, from which forced vital capacity (FVC), the ratio between the forced exhaled volume in 1 second (FEV1) and FVC (FEV1/FVC), FVC below lower limit of normal (FVC < LLN; (restriction)) and FEV1/FVC < LLN (airway obstruction) were calculated. Exposures and lung function outcomes were weighted to obtain estimated population parameters. Potential confounders included age, sex, height, body mass index, smoking status, country, education and employment. Adjusted regressions were used to investigate the associations between DII and respiratory outcomes. ResultsThe mean age of participants was 48 years (SD ± 15.1), and the median DII was –1.53 (IQR difference 3.5). In the fully adjusted models, a one-unit increase in DII score was statistically significantly associated with a lower FEV 1/FVC (β-coefficient –0.46, 95% CI –0.80, –0.12; P-value = 0.008) and with airway obstruction (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% CI 1.03, 1.34; P-value = 0.018]. There was no association with the other lung function outcomes. ConclusionsA more pro-inf

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Comparison of HIV Testing among Children and Adults with Tuberculosis, Vietnam

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2017年第4期5卷 292-297页

作者： Tyson Volkmann Binh Nguyen Ebelechukwu G. Anyalechi Kimberly N. Chapman Hedges Ho Van Anh Pham Quang Tue Nguyen Viet Nhung Eleanor S. Click Division of Global HIV and TB Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta USA Division of Tuberculosis Elimination Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta USA Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program Hanoi Vietnam

HIV testing among persons with tuberculosis (TB) results in high-yield identification of persons infected with HIV. To evaluate differences in HIV testing among children versus adults with TB in Vietnam, we collected and analyzed age-disaggregated facility and aggregated provincial data from the National Tuberculosis program. HIV testing was incompletely documented for >70% of children, whereas adult testing data were >90% complete. Standardized training of personnel for universal HIV testing and documentation for children with TB could improve HIV case-detection and permit linking of children with HIV to antiretroviral treatment to prevent morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Surveillance Operational Research Childhood TB Pediatric

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Ovarian cancer risk and survival according to tumor sex hormone receptor expression: An ovarian Cancer association consortium and ovarian tumor tissue analysis consortium pooled analysis

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Gynecologic Oncology 2025年 198卷 112-129页

作者： Fu, Zhuxuan Borho, Lauren Taylor, Sarah E. Kelemen, Linda E. DeFazio, Anna Webb, Penelope M. Köbel, Martin Meagher, Nicola S. Na, Renhua Antoniou, Antonis C. Brand, Alison H. Kennedy, Catherine J. Nevins, Nikilyn Pharoah, Paul D.P. Shvetsov, Yurii B. Winham, Stacey J. Alsop, Jennifer Beckmann, Matthias W. Bolithon, Adelyn Boros, Jessica Bowtell, David D.L. Brenton, James D. Carney, Michael E. Chudecka-Głaz, Anita Cook, Linda S. Cybulski, Cezary Fasching, Peter A. Fereday, Sian Fortner, Renée T. García, María J. Goode, Ellen L. Goodman, Marc T. Gronwald, Jacek Hartmann, Arndt Hernandez, Brenda Y. Høgdall, Estrid Huntsman, David G. Jensen, Allan Jimenez-Linan, Mercedes Joseph, Janine M. Karlan, Beth Y. Kaznowska, Ewa Kjaer, Susanne K. Kluz, Tomasz Koziak, Jennifer M. Lester, Jenny Longacre, Teri A. Lycke, Maria McGuire, Valerie Moysich, Kirsten B. Murphy, Rachel A. Orsulic, Sandra Ramus, Susan J. Rodríguez-Antona, Cristina Rothstein, Joseph H. Samra, Spinder Sieh, Weiva Steed, Helen Sundfeldt, Karin Talhouk, Aline Uciński, Jan Wang, Chen Wentzensen, Nicolas Whittemore, Alice S. Wilkens, Lynne R. Songer, Thomas Brooks, Maria Mori Tang, Lu Modugno, Francesmary Department of Epidemiology University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health Pittsburgh 15213 PA United States St. Luke's Mid America Heart Institute St Luke's Health System Kansas City MO United States Division of Gynecologic Oncology Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh 15213 PA United States South Carolina Department of Public Health Columbia SC United States Centre for Cancer Research The Westmead Institute for Medical Research Sydney 2145 NSW Australia Faculty of Medicine and Health The University of Sydney Sydney 2006 NSW Australia Department of Gynaecological Oncology Westmead Hospital Sydney 2145 NSW Australia The Daffodil Centre The University of Sydney A Joint Venture with Cancer Council NSW Sydney 2006 NSW Australia Population Health Program QIMR Berghofer Brisbane 4006 QLD Australia School of Public Health The University of Queensland Brisbane 4006 Australia Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Calgary Foothills Medical Center Calgary T2N 2T9 AB Canada School of Clinical Medicine UNSW Medicine and Health University of NSW Sydney Sydney 2052 NSW Australia Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge CB1 8RN United Kingdom Department of Computational Biomedicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center West Hollywood 90069 CA United States University of Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu HI United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Division of Computational Biology Mayo Clinic Rochester 55905 MN United States Center for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Department of Oncology University of Cambridge Cambridge CB1 8RN United Kingdom Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg University Hospital Erlangen Erlangen 91054 Germany Adult Cancer Program Lowy Cancer Rese

Objective: Many epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk factors relate to sex hormones. The association between these factors and the expression of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor-α (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) in tumors is unknown. Method: We linked epidemiologic, AR/ER/PR tumor expression, and survival data from 19 studies in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC;4762 cases, 20,888 controls) and the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis (OTTA) consortium (5737 cases). We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) between hormonally-linked factors and tumor AR/ER/PR expression using polytomous logistic regression. We assessed survival by AR/ER/PR tumor expression overall and by histotype using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: Overweight/obesity was associated with higher risk of ER- tumors (OR:1.53, 95 % I:1.18–1.98). Hysterectomy was associated with greater risk of ER+ tumors (OR:4.99, 95 % CI:4.27–5.83), which varied by AR expression (Pheter=0.003). Postmenopause was associated with a higher risk of PR- tumors (OR 1.52, 95 % CI 1.26–1.83), which varied based by AR (Pheter < 0.001) and ER (Pheter < 0.001) expression. Gravidity, oral contraception duration, and breastfeeding duration showed differing dose-response relationships according to AR/ER/PR expression. Hormone therapy use, postmenopause, physical inactivity, and being obese/overweight prior to diagnosis were differentially associated with survival based on AR/ER/PR expression and histotype. Conclusion: EOC has varying risk and prognostic profiles depending on both histotype and AR/ER/PR expression. Biological mechanisms underlying the association between hormonally-linked factors and EOC need to be studied by both histotypes and by AR, ER, and PR expression.

关键词： androgen receptor Epithelial ovarian cancer estrogen receptor Hormonal factors Hormone receptor progesterone receptor Risk Survival

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Hepatitis B Immunoprophylactic Failure and Characteristics of the Hepatitis B Virus Gene in Mother-Infant Pairs in Parts of China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期29卷 790-801页

作者： YIN Wen Jiao SHEN Li Ping WANG Fu Zhen ZHANG Guo Min ZHENG Hui WANG Feng LIU Tie Zhu MENG Qing Ling YI Yao CUI Fu Qiang BI Sheng Li National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Department of Immunization Planning Program Chinese Center for Disease Controland PreventionBeijing 102206China

Objective To determine the hepatitis B immunoprophylactic failure rate in infants born to hepatitis B virus （HBV） infected mothers and to characterize HBV genes. Methods HBV-serological testing was conducted for pregnant women and infants. The complete genomes of 30 HBV isolates were sequenced, and genetic characteristics were analyzed using MEGA 5 software. Results The immunoprophylactic failure rate for infants who had completed the scheduled hepatitis B vaccination program was 5.76% （32/556）. High sequence homology （99.8%-100%） was observed in 8 of the 10 mother-infant pairs. We identified 19 subgenotype C2 strains, 9 subgenotype B2 strains, and 2 subgenotype Cl strains. Three serotypes were detected： adr （19/30）, adw （9/30）, and ayw （2/30）. The frequency of amino acid mutation of the ＇a＇ determinant region was 16.67% （5/30）, including that of Q129H, F134Y,S136Y, and G145E. We detected 67 amino acid mutations in the basal core promoter, precore, and core regions of the genome. Conclusion The immunoprophylactic failure rate in infants born to HBV-infected mothers is low in the regions of China examined during this study. Moreover, HBV mutation in the ＇a＇ determinant region could not account for immunoprophylactic failure for all infants.

关键词： Mother-to-infant transmission Scheduled vaccination Gene characteristics ＇a＇ determinantmutation Immune escape

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Fear of Cancer Recurrence Associated with Perceived Cognitive Impairment among Women with Cancers: Findings from the Women's Health Initiative Life and Longevity After Cancer Study

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Preventive oncology & epidemiology 2023年第1期1卷 2292359页

作者： Yesol Yang Eric M McLaughlin Michelle J Naughton Diane Von Ah Nazmus Saquib Judith E Carroll Lihong Qi Dorothy S Lane Tonya S Orchard Electra D Paskett Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Columbus OH USA. The Ohio State University Center for Biostatistics Columbus OH USA. Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Department of Medicine College of Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA. College of Nursing Center for Healthy Aging Self-Management and Complex Care The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA. College of Medicine Sulaiman AlRajhi University Albukairiyah Saudi Arabia. Department of Psychiatry Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior Los Angeles CA USA. Department of Public Health Sciences School of Medicine University of California Davis Davis CA USA. Department of Family Population & Preventive Medicine Renaissance School of Medicine Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA. Human Nutrition Program Department of Human Sciences College of Education and Human Ecology The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA.

Background:Perceived cognitive impairments(PCI) are the most common complications that Non-Central Nervous System (Non-CNS) cancers survivors experience. Studies have suggested that those who expreience fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) tend to report cognitive problems; however, this association has not been examined. Methods:Participants (n = 6,714) were enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Life and Longevity After Cancer study. FCR was assessed using the Cancer Worry Scale and PCI was assessed using the PCI subscale of FACT-Cog. The association between FCR and PCI was analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. A cut off score of ≥ 14 is indicative of high FCR and below 14 indicating low FCR. Scores lower than 60 indicated PCI. Result:The multivariable model showed that higher FCR corresponded to an increase in odds of PCI (OR = 1.15, < 0.001). We also found that older age at diagnosis ( < 0.001), less social support ( = 0.01), over ten pounds of weight gain after cancer treatment ( = 0.02), and mild or worse anxiety ( < 0.001) were also associated with increased odds of PCI from the multivariable analysis. Discussion:Our findings indicate that survivors with higher FCR demonstrated poorer cognitive performance than those with lower FCR. These results suggest that those with higher FCR are more likely to report PCI.

关键词： Cancer survivors Cognition Fear of cancer recurrence Older women

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A tale of two tools: Reliability and feasibility of social media measurement tools examining e-cigarette twitter mentions

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Informatics in Medicine Unlocked 2017年 8卷 8-12页

作者： Burke-Garcia, Amelia Stanton, Cassandra A. Westat 1600 Research Blvd Rockville 20850 MD United States Department of Oncology Georgetown University Medical Center/Cancer Prevention and Control Program Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center United States

Given 70% of Americans are seeking health information online, social media are becoming main sources of health-related information and discussions. Specifically, compounding rising trends in use of e-cigarettes in the US, there has been a rapid rise in e-cigarette marketing – much of which is happening on social media. Public health professionals seeking to understand consumer knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about e-cigarettes should consider analyzing social media data and to do so, there are numerous free and paid tools available. However, each uses different sources and processes, which makes data validation challenging. This exploratory study sought to understand the reliability and feasibility of two social media data tools analyzing e-cigarette tweets. Twitter mentions were pulled from two different industry standard tools (GNIP and Radian6) and data were evaluated on six measures, e.g. Cost, Feasibility, Ease of Use, Poster Type (individual/organization), Context (tweet content analysis), and Valence (positive/negative). Findings included similarities amongst the data sets in terms of the content themes but differences in cost and ease of use of the tools themselves. These findings align with prior research, notably that e-cigarette marketing tweets are most common and public health-related content is noticeably absent. Findings from this exploratory study can inform future social media studies as well as communication campaigns seeking to address the emerging issue of e-cigarette use. © 2017

关键词： E-cigarettes Social media Tweets Twitter Vaping

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1625. Risk of Invasive Group AStreptococcus, Group BStreptococcus, andStreptococcus pneumoniaeInfection Among Adults Experiencing Homelessness—Anchorage, Alaska, 2002–2015

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2019年第SUPPLEMENT_2期6卷 S593–S593页

作者： Mosites, Emily Zulz, Tammy Bruden, Dana Nolen, Leisha Frick, Anna Castrodale, Louisa McLaughlin, Joseph Van Beneden, Chris Hennessy, Thomas Bruce, Michael Arctic Investigations Program Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Anchorage Alaska CDC Anchorage Alaska Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Anchorage Alaska Alaska SOE Anchorage Alaska Section of Epidemiology Division of Health and Social Services State of Alaska Anchorage Alaska CDC AIP Anchorage Alaska

Background People experiencing homelessness (PEH) have an increased risk of infectious disease. However, for many infections, this increased risk has not been clearly quantified. For example, the risk of invasive streptococcal infection has not been established among PEH in the United States. Methods We compared the incidence of detected cases of invasive group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection, group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection, and Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal) infection among adult PEH to that in the general adult population in Anchorage, Alaska from 2005 through 2015 using data from the CDC Arctic Investigations program surveillance system, the US census, and the Anchorage Point in Time count (PIT [a yearly census of PEH]). Results During 2005–2015, the PIT counted a mean number of 970 adults (minimum 795, maximum 1486) in Anchorage who were homeless, which accounted for 0.4% of the total population. Compared with the general population, PEH were 53 times as likely to have invasive GAS infection (95% CI 47–61), 7 times as likely to have invasive GBS infection (95% CI 6, 8), and 36 times as likely to have invasive pneumococcal infection (95% CI 33, 40). Of all invasive GAS cases in Anchorage over the time period, 19% occurred within the homeless population, while 3% of invasive GBS cases and 14% of invasive pneumococcal cases were within the homeless population. Additionally, the predominant subtypes of GAS and pneumococcus differed among PEH compared with the general population. Conclusion A disproportionate burden of invasive streptococcal disease in Anchorage was detected among PEH, indicating a need for further focus on this high-risk group. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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85. Characterization of Group B streptococcus Strains with Reduced Susceptibility to Beta-lactam Antibiotics, Active Bacterial Core Surveillance, 1998–2017

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2020年第SUPPLEMENT_1期7卷 S173–S174页

作者： Miwako Kobayashi Lesley McGee Sopio Chochua Mirasol Apostol Nisha B Alden Monica M Farley Lee Harrison Corinne Holtzman Salina Torres Ann Thomas Bernard Beall Stephanie Schrag Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia California Emerging Infections Program Oakland California Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Denver Colorado Emory University Atlanta Georgia University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania Minnesota Department of Health St. Paul Minnesota New Mexico Department of Health Santa Fe New Mexico Oregon Public Health Division Portland Oregon CDC Atlanta Georgia

Background In the United States, approximately 30,000 invasive group B Streptococcus (iGBS) infections occur annually; beta-lactam antibiotics (BL) are the first choice for prevention in young infants and treatment in all age groups. We obtained phenotypic and genotypic data for iGBS isolates from U.S. population-based surveillance sites to describe the emergence and characteristics of strains with reduced beta-lactam susceptibility (RS) over a 20-year period.

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Exploring racial differences in family expressions of emotion and clinician empathy in ICU family meetings

CHEST Critical Care

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CHEST Critical Care 2025年

作者： Matthew E. Modes Deborah B. Ejem Whitney Welsh Doreet Preiss Jessica Sperling Kathryn I. Pollak Christopher E. Cox Erin K. Kross Teryl K. Nuckols Kimberly S. Johnson Sungjin Kim Shannon S. Carson Catherine L. Hough Douglas B. White Deepshikha C. Ashana Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California School of Nursing University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama Social Science Research Institute Duke University Durham North Carolina Department of Population Health Sciences Duke University Durham North Carolina Cancer Prevention and Control Duke Cancer Institute Durham North Carolina Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Duke University Durham North Carolina Program to Support People and Enhance Recovery (ProSPER) Duke University Durham North Carolina Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence University of Washington Seattle Washington Division of General Internal Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California Department of Medicine Division of Geriatrics Duke University Durham North Carolina Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) Durham Veterans Affairs Healthcare System Durham North Carolina Biostatistics Shared Resource Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Department of Medicine Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon Program on Ethics and Decision Making in Critical Illness Clinical Research Investigation and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness Center School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania Department of Critical Care Medicine School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy Duke University Durham North Carolina

Background Critical care guidelines recommend clinicians provide emotional support to families of critically ill patients during family meetings. Little is known about how family member race impacts how emotions are expressed and supported in meetings. Research Question To compare family members’ expression of emotion and clinicians’ provision of empathy in intensive care unit (ICU) family meetings involving Black and White family members. Study Design and Methods We conducted a directed content analysis of 40 audio-recorded meetings, matching 20 meetings with Black families and 20 meetings with White families on key characteristics including meeting length. Meetings included Black or White family members of patients receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation and critical care clinicians. We used an established coding scheme to code family expressions of negative emotion and clinician empathic statements. Two analysts, unaware of patient and family race, independently coded all meetings. After coding completion, we unblinded the data, compared code frequencies by family race, and calculated the percent of expressions of negative emotions followed by an empathic response. Results Family members were mostly middle-aged (mean [SD]: 50 [10] years) and female (n=29, 73%). Physicians leading meetings were mostly young (mean [SD]: 38 [7] years), male (n=27, 68%), and White (n=36, 90%); none were Black. Black families expressed fewer negative emotions than White families (median [25 th -75 th ]: 1 [0-3] vs 4 [2.5-7.5] expressions of emotions per meeting; p<0.001). When families expressed negative emotions, clinicians infrequently responded with empathy to all families and did so less frequently with Black families compared to White families (15% vs 30% of family expressions; p=0.099). Interpretation Racial differences exist in family expression of emotion and potentially in clinician empathic responses in ICU family meetings. Empathic communication warrants improvement, wit

关键词： Emotional support empathy family meeting family conference intensive care unit ICU critical care racial disparities racial differences racial equity Black African American White ICU intensive care unit SD standard deviation

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