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Daily patterns of physical activity by type 2 diabetes definition: Comparing diabetes, prediabetes, and participants with normal glucose levels in NHANES 2003-2006

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Preventive Medicine Reports 2015年 2卷 152-157页

作者： Steeves, Jeremy A. Murphy, Rachel A. Crainiceanu, Ciprian M. Zipunnikov, Vadim Van Domelen, Dane R. Harris, Tamara B. Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences National Cancer Institute Rockville MD United States Department of Kinesiology and Center for Aging and Translational Research College of Health Sciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 2400 E Hartford Ave Milwaukee 53211 WI United States Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging Bethesda MD United States Department of Biostatistics Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD United States Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Emory University Atlanta GA United States

Objective: Diabetes is associated with low levels of physical activity (PA), but detailed objective information about how PA patterns vary by diabetes definition is lacking. Methods: PA was measured with ActiGraph accelerometers in older (60. +) adults from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (. n=. 1,043) and analyzed in 2014. Diabetes definition (normal glucose levels, prediabetes, and diabetes) was assessed (fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1C, and self-report). Accelerometer data were used to characterize total activity counts (TAC) per day and hour-by-hour activity counts by diabetes definition. Multiple linear regression models explored the relationship between diabetes definition and TAC. Results: Despite similar patterns of PA, diabetes participants had significantly lower TAC compared to participants with normal glucose levels and prediabetes. Diabetes participants' activity counts per hour declined more rapidly after 12. p.m., with the biggest differences between the groups occurring at 4:00. p.m. Participants with normal glucose levels and prediabetes had similar TAC and daily PA profiles. Conclusion: Our novel methodology provides information about PA patterns by diabetes definition. Significantly lower TAC in the diabetes group, their significant drop in afternoon PA, and the similarity of PA between participants with normal glucose levels and prediabetes provide insight into potential targets for intervention. © 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Cross sectional Diabetes PA Patterns Prediabetes

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Stressful life events are associated with insulin resistance among Chinese immigrant women in the United States

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Preventive Medicine Reports 2015年 2卷 563-567页

作者： Fang, Carolyn Y. Boden, Guenther Siu, Philip T. Tseng, Marilyn Cancer Prevention and Control Program Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia 19111 PA United States Department of Medicine Section of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia 19140 PA United States Chinatown Medical Services Greater Philadelphia Health Action Inc. Philadelphia 19147 PA United States Department of Kinesiology California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo 93407 CA United States

Background: Chinese immigrants experience increased chronic disease risk following migration to the US. Although the impact of lifestyle changes (e.g., diet) on disease risk has been extensively studied, associations of psychosocial stress and disease risk have attracted less attention. Thus, the objective of the present study was to examine associations between stress and insulin resistance in foreign-born Chinese American women. Methods: From October, 2005 to April, 2008, 423 women recruited from southeastern Pennsylvania completed questionnaires reporting stressful life events. Blood samples were analyzed for fasting insulin and fasting glucose levels, which were used to estimate insulin resistance according to the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA_IR). Results: In logistic regression analyses, a greater number of negative life events were associated with insulin resistance (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.02-1.34), controlling for age, level of acculturation, marital status, body mass index, and waist circumference. Similarly, greater negative life event impact ratings were also associated with insulin resistance (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.01-1.16) controlling for relevant covariates. Conclusions: This is one of the first studies to examine the associations between psychosocial stress and insulin resistance in Chinese immigrant women. These findings contribute to a growing body of literature on stress and diabetes risk in an immigrant population. © 2015 The Authors.

关键词： Asian Immigrant Insulin resistance Negative life events Stress

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The Role of Understaffing in Central Venous Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infection

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Infection control & Hospital Epidemiology 2015年第3期17卷 150-158页

作者： Scott K. Fridkin Suzanne M. Pear Theresa H. Williamson John N. Galgiani William R. Jarvis Hospital Infections Program National Center for Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention US Public Health Service Department of Health and Human Services Atlanta Georgia Nursing and Medical Services Veterans Affairs Medical Center Tucson Arizona Department of Medicine University of Arizona Tucson Arizona

Objective:To determine risk factors for central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CVC-BSI) during a protracted ***:Case-control and cohort studies of surgical intensive care unit (SICU) ***:A university-affiliated Veterans Affairs medical ***:Case-control study: all patients who developed a CVC-BSI during the outbreak period (January 1992 through September 1993) and randomly selected controls. Cohort study: all SICU patients during the study period (January 1991 through September 1993).Measurements:CVC-BSI or site infection rates, SICU patient clinical data, and average monthly SICU patient-to-nurse ***:When analyzed by hospital location and site, only CVC-BSI in the SICU had increased significantly in the outbreak period compared to the previous year (January 1991 through December 1991: pre-outbreak period). In SICU patients, CVC-BSI were associated with receipt of total parenteral nutrition [TPN]; odds ratio, 16; 95% confidence inter val, 4 to 73). When we controlled for TPN use, CVC-BSI were associated with increasing severity of illness and days on assisted ventilation. SICU patients in the out-break period had shorter SICU and hospital stays, were younger, and had similar mortality rates, but received more TPN compared with patients in the pre-outbreak period. Furthermore, the patient-to-nurse ratio significantly increased in the outbreak compared with the pre-outbreak period. When we controlled for TPN use, assisted ventilation, and the period of hospitalization, the patient-to-nurse ratio was an independent risk factor for CVC-BSI in SICU ***:Nursing staff reductions below a critical level, during a period of increased TPN use, may have contributed to the increase in CVC-BSI in the SICU by making adequate catheter care difficult. During healthcare reforms and hospital downsizing, the effect of staffing reductions on patient outcome (ie, nosocomial infection) needs to be criticall

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Enterobacter Plasmids: Molecular Epidemiology (with Reply)

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Infection control & Hospital Epidemiology 2015年第2期16卷 63-63页

作者： Joseph F. John Jr William R. Jarvis Investigation and Prevention Branch Hospital Infections Program Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia

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For Better, Not Worse: One Hospital's Journey on Decreasing Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections

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American Journal of Infection control 2016年第6期44卷 S91-S92页

作者： Lynn Reynolds Kathleen Joseph Heidi Fehrman Jan Jones Lorraine Boudreau Steven Mosher Coordinator Infection Prevention Southeast Georgia Health System Infection Preventionist Southeast Georgia Health System Application Analyst Southeast Georgia Health System Director Patient Care Services Southeast Georgia Health System Director Laboratory Services/Infection Prevention Southeast Georgia Health System ID consultant Director of Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Chairman of Infection Control Committee Southeast Georgia Health System

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Author Correction: A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers

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Nature communications 2021年第1期12卷 2986页

作者： Juliette Coignard Michael Lush Jonathan Beesley Tracy A O'Mara Joe Dennis Jonathan P Tyrer Daniel R Barnes Lesley McGuffog Goska Leslie Manjeet K Bolla Muriel A Adank Simona Agata Thomas Ahearn Kristiina Aittomäki Irene L Andrulis Hoda Anton-Culver Volker Arndt Norbert Arnold Kristan J Aronson Banu K Arun Annelie Augustinsson Jacopo Azzollini Daniel Barrowdale Caroline Baynes Heko Becher Marina Bermisheva Leslie Bernstein Katarzyna Białkowska Carl Blomqvist Stig E Bojesen Bernardo Bonanni Ake Borg Hiltrud Brauch Hermann Brenner Barbara Burwinkel Saundra S Buys Trinidad Caldés Maria A Caligo Daniele Campa Brian D Carter Jose E Castelao Jenny Chang-Claude Stephen J Chanock Wendy K Chung Kathleen B M Claes Christine L Clarke J Margriet Collée Don M Conroy Kamila Czene Mary B Daly Peter Devilee Orland Diez Yuan Chun Ding Susan M Domchek Thilo Dörk Isabel Dos-Santos-Silva Alison M Dunning Miriam Dwek Diana M Eccles A Heather Eliassen Christoph Engel Mikael Eriksson D Gareth Evans Peter A Fasching Henrik Flyger Florentia Fostira Eitan Friedman Lin Fritschi Debra Frost Manuela Gago-Dominguez Susan M Gapstur Judy Garber Vanesa Garcia-Barberan Montserrat García-Closas José A García-Sáenz Mia M Gaudet Simon A Gayther Andrea Gehrig Vassilios Georgoulias Graham G Giles Andrew K Godwin Mark S Goldberg David E Goldgar Anna González-Neira Mark H Greene Pascal Guénel Lothar Haeberle Eric Hahnen Christopher A Haiman Niclas Håkansson Per Hall Ute Hamann Patricia A Harrington Steven N Hart Wei He Frans B L Hogervorst Antoinette Hollestelle John L Hopper Darling J Horcasitas Peter J Hulick David J Hunter Evgeny N Imyanitov Agnes Jager Anna Jakubowska Paul A James Uffe Birk Jensen Esther M John Michael E Jones Rudolf Kaaks Pooja Middha Kapoor Beth Y Karlan Renske Keeman Elza Khusnutdinova Johanna I Kiiski Yon-Dschun Ko Veli-Matti Kosma Peter Kraft Allison W Kurian Yael Laitman Diether Lambrechts Loic Le Marchand Jenny Lester Fabienne Lesueur Tricia Lindstrom Adria Lopez-Fernández Jennifer T Loud Craig Luccarini Arto Mannermaa Siranou Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team Inserm U900 Paris France. Institut Curie Paris Paris France. Mines ParisTech Fontainebleau Paris France. Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. PSL University Paris Paris France. Paris Sud University Orsay France. Department of Genetics and Computational Biology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia. Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Department of Oncology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK. Family Cancer Clinic The Netherlands Cancer Institute Antoni van Leeuwenhoek hospital Amsterdam The Netherlands. Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS Padua Italy. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda MD USA. Department of Clinical Genetics Helsinki University Hospital University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland. Fred A. Litwin Center for Cancer Genetics Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute of Mount Sinai Hospital Toronto ON Canada. Department of Molecular Genetics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada. Department of Epidemiology Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute University of California Irvine Irvine CA USA. Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany. Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel Christian-Albrechts University Kiel Kiel Germany. Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel Christian-Albrechts University Kiel Kiel Germany. Department of Public Health Sciences and Cancer Research Institute Queen's University Kingston ON Canada. Department of Breast Medical Oncology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX USA. Department of Cancer Epidemiology Clinical Sciences

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://***/10.1038/s41467-021-23162-4.

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Infection control & Hospital Epidemiology 2015年第11期17卷 712-712页

作者： William R. Jarvis Investigation and Prevention Branch Hospital Infections Program Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia

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Incidence of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in the Jiangsu province of China, 2008–2011

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Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical 2015年 1卷 2055217315594831页

作者： Chen, Yong Ma, Fubao Xu, Yuanling Chu, Xuhua Zhang, Jinlin Department of Expanded Program on Immunization Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention China Department of Neurology Nanjing Brain Hospital China Department of Neurology Jiangsu Provincial People’s Hospital China

Background: It is important to have an estimate of the incidence of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) because the incidence of ADEM is unknown and the outcomes undefined in China. Objectives: This study attempts to describe ADEM incidence in large Chinese populations located in four geographically different and moderately distant areas of the same province. Methods: A retrospective investigation was conducted with ADEM patients in Nanjing, Nantong, Yancheng and Xuzhou. The survey was carried out in regions that might have received patients meeting the case definition of ADEM provided by the International Pediatric MS Study Group from 2008 to 2011. A total of 125 hospitals were included and 412 patients were identified through the hospital information systems (HIS). Results: The incidence of ADEM was 0.32/100,000/year. There are two peaks on the age-specific ADEM rates curve. One is 0.77/100,000/year among 0- to 9-year-olds, the other is 0.45/100,000/year in those aged 50–59 years. The incidence rate found for ADEM in males was 0.34/100,000/year, and in females was 0.29/100,000/year. The highest incidence rate was in Nanjing (0.40/100,000/year). Conclusions: The average annual incidence of ADEM was 0.32/100,000/year. The peak age of onset was 50–59 years old and 0–9 years old. The incidence among males was insignificantly higher than that among females. There was no significant difference in incidence by seasonal variation. © 2015, © The Author(s) 2015.

关键词： acute disseminated encephalomyelitis China Epidemiology incidence

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Varicella zoster virus in American Samoa: Seroprevalence and predictive value of varicella disease history in elementary and college students

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Epidemiology and Infection 2014年第5期142卷 1002-1007页

作者： Mahamud, A. Leung, J. Masunu-Faleafaga, Y. Teshale, E. Williams, R. Dulski, T. Thieme, M. Garcia, P. Schmid, D.S. Bialek, S.R. National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Epidemic Intelligence Service Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Immunization Program American Samoa Department of Health LBJ Tropical Medical Center Pago Pago American Samoa National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States CDC Experience Applied Epidemiology Fellowship CDC Foundation Atlanta GA United States

SUMMARY The epidemiology of varicella is believed to differ between temperate and tropical countries. We conducted a varicella seroprevalence study in elementary and college students in the US territory of American Samoa before introduction of a routine varicella vaccination programme. Sera from 515 elementary and 208 college students were tested for the presence of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) IgG antibodies. VZV seroprevalence increased with age from 76.0% in the 4-6 years group to 97.7% in those aged ©3/4 23 years. Reported history of varicella disease for elementary students was significantly associated with VZV seropositivity. The positive and negative predictive values of varicella disease history were 93.4% and 36.4%, respectively, in elementary students and 97.6% and 3.0%, respectively, in college students. VZV seroprevalence in this Pacific island appears to be similar to that in temperate countries and suggests endemic VZV circulation. © Cambridge University Press 2013.

关键词： American Samoa chickenpox seroprevalence varicella varicella-zoster virus

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Public Health's Role in Response to an Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N2-Minnesota, 2015.

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Open forum infectious diseases 2016年第SUPPL 1期2卷 LB-6-LB-6页

作者： Karen Martin Stacy Holzbauer Tory Whitten Carrie Klumb Samantha Saunders Melissa Mcmahon Jayne Griffith Anna Strain Dave Boxrud Cynthia Kenyon Joni Scheftel Minnesota Department of Health St. Paul Minnesota. Minnesota Department of Health St. Paul Minnesota Career Epidemiology Field Office Program Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia. Public Health Laboratory Minnesota Department of Health St. Paul Minnesota.

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