It is very difficult to directly spin the lignocellulose without *** liquids(ILs)are promising solvent to dissolve lignocellulose to prepare cellulose ***,the degree of cellulose polymerization(DP)is reduced when lign...
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It is very difficult to directly spin the lignocellulose without *** liquids(ILs)are promising solvent to dissolve lignocellulose to prepare cellulose ***,the degree of cellulose polymerization(DP)is reduced when lignocellulose is dissolved in ILs,and the lignin removal rate is *** elongation at break and tensile strength of the fibers obtained by spinning the lignocellulose dissolved in ILs are *** this paper,preparing cellulose fiber directly from lignocellulose based on dissolving corn stalk via[C4mim]Cl-L-arginine binary system is *** shows that the removal rate of lignin can reach 92.35%and the purity of cellulose can reach 85.32%after corn stalk was dissolved at 150℃C for 11.5 h when the mass fraction of arginine is 2.5%.The elongation at break of fiber reached 10.12%and the tensile strength reached 420 *** is mainly due to the fact that L-arginine not only inhibits the degradation of cellulose but also promotes the *** any pulping or pretreatment,preparing cellulose fibers via direct dissolution and extrusion may provide a simple and effective way to prepare many novel cellulose materials.
It is urgent to develop a new deep desulfurization process of fuels as the environmental pollution increases seriously. In this work, a series of Lewis acidic ionic liquids （ILs） [C43MPy]Cl/nZnCl2 （n=1, 1.5, 2, 3）...
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It is urgent to develop a new deep desulfurization process of fuels as the environmental pollution increases seriously. In this work, a series of Lewis acidic ionic liquids （ILs） [C43MPy]Cl/nZnCl2 （n=1, 1.5, 2, 3） were synthesized and used in extraction and catalytic oxidative desulfurization （ECOD） of the fuels. The effects of the Lewis acidity of ILs, the molar ratio of H2O2/sulfur, temperatures, and different substrates including dibenzothiophene （DBT）, benzothiophene （BT） and thiophene （TS）, on sulfur removal were investigated. The results indicated that [C43MPy]Cl/3ZnCl2 presented near 100% DBT removal of model oil under conditions of 323 K, H2O2/DBT molar ratio 6：1. Kinetics for the removal of DBT, BT and TS by the [C43MPy]Cl/3ZnCl2-H2O2 system at 323 K is first-order with the apparent rate constants of 1.1348, 0.2226 and 0.0609 h-1, and the calculated apparent activation energies for DBT, BT and TS were 61.13, 60.66, and 68.14 kJ/mol from 298 to 308 K, re- spectively. After six cycles of the regenerated [C43MPy]Cl/3ZnCl2, the sulfur removal had a slight decrease. [C43MPy]Cl/ 3ZnCl2 showed a good desulfurization performance under optimal conditions.
A Wave-Net is an artificial neural network with one hidden layer of nodes, whose basis functions are drawn from a family of orthonormal wavelets. The good localization characteristics of the basis functions, both in t...
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A Wave-Net is an artificial neural network with one hidden layer of nodes, whose basis functions are drawn from a family of orthonormal wavelets. The good localization characteristics of the basis functions, both in the input and frequency domains, allow hierarchical, multiresolution learning of input-output maps from experimental data. Furthermore, Wave-Nets allow explicit estimation for global and local prediction error-bounds, and thus tend themselves to a rigorous and explicit design of the network. This article presents the mathematical framework for the development of Wave-Nets and discusses the various aspects of their practical implementation. Computational complexity arguments prove that the training and adaptation efficiency of Wave-Nets is at least an order of magnitude better than other networks. In addition, it presents two examples on the application of Wave-Nets, (a) the prediction of a chaotic time-series, representing population dynamics, and (b) the classification of experimental data for process fault diagnosis.
Exploring the potential of advanced distillable solvents as efficient biomass pretreatment agents is critical for biorefineries, enhancing fermentable sugar yields while enabling solvent recovery and recycling without...
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Exploring the potential of advanced distillable solvents as efficient biomass pretreatment agents is critical for biorefineries, enhancing fermentable sugar yields while enabling solvent recovery and recycling without suffering significant losses. Here, we employ distillable amine-based solvents for pretreating a wide range of lignocellulosic feedstocks, aiming to facilitate the industrial release of fermentable sugars from diverse feedstocks through enzymatic hydrolysis. Twenty-two diverse feedstocks, sourced from different geographical regions and representing various biomass categories, were surveyed for chemical (mainly carbohydrates and lignin) and lignin (S, G, H units) profiles. Several solvents including ethanolamine, ethanolamine acetate, butylamine, butylamine acetate, and triethylamine, were tested for the pretreatment of eight selected biomasses. Among these solvents, butylamine emerged as the most effective due to its favorable sugar release, excellent solvent removal rate, and low boiling point, facilitating solvent recovery and recycling. Extending butylamine pretreatment to all 22 feedstocks demonstrated desirable sugar yields and highly efficient solvent removal in the majority of the biomass sources tested. Agricultural residues and their mixtures showed particularly favorable results. Scale-up experiments of the mixed agricultural feedstocks in a 1 L Parr reactor achieved over 90% glucose liberation and more than 99% butylamine removal, highlighting the method's scalability. The resulting hydrolysates supported growth of diverse bacterial and fungal strains, indicating downstream compatibility with commercial fermentation processes. This study presents butylamine as an effective, recoverable pretreatment solvent for a wide range of lignocellulosic feedstocks, offering a promising solution to key biorefinery challenges. The demonstrated scalability and compatibility with various biomass types and blends underscore its potential for industrial appli
The bare amorphous Al_(2)O_(3)-AlPO_(4)and Cs/Al_(2)O_(3)-AlPO_(4)catalysts were developed for the aldol condensation of methyl acetate with formaldehyde to methyl *** structure and property of catalyst were character...
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The bare amorphous Al_(2)O_(3)-AlPO_(4)and Cs/Al_(2)O_(3)-AlPO_(4)catalysts were developed for the aldol condensation of methyl acetate with formaldehyde to methyl *** structure and property of catalyst were characterized by XRD,XPS,BET,Pyridine-IR,FT-IR,^(27)Al-MASNMR,NH_(3)-/CO_(2)-TPD and *** correlation between structural features and acid-base properties was established,and the loading effect of the cesium species was *** to cooperative catalytic effects between the penta-coordinated Al and Al_(2)O_(3),the weak-Ⅱacid and medium acid site densities and the product selectivity were *** the basic site densities of these catalysts were almost in proportion to the conversion of methyl *** loaded Cs could form new basic sites and change the distribution of acid sites which further enhance the catalytic *** a result,the 10Cs/8AlP was proved to be an optimal catalyst with the yield and selectivity of 21.2%and 85%for methyl acrylate *** the reaction,a deactivation behavior was observed on 10Cs/8AlP catalyst due to the carbon deposition,however,it could be regenerated by thermal treatment in the air atmosphere at 400℃.
Supported by the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion, an organization jointly founded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） and the German Research Foundation （DFG）, a joint Sino-German ...
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Supported by the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion, an organization jointly founded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） and the German Research Foundation （DFG）, a joint Sino-German workshop on particle fluid systems was held for the fourth time on May 19-20, 2008 in Hamburg. Previous workshops were held on August 30-31, 1999 in Ham- burg,
A multi-scale hardware and software architecture implementing the EMMS （energy-minimization multi-scale） paradigm is proven to be effective in the simulation of a two-dimensional gas-solid suspension. General purpos...
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A multi-scale hardware and software architecture implementing the EMMS （energy-minimization multi-scale） paradigm is proven to be effective in the simulation of a two-dimensional gas-solid suspension. General purpose CPUs are employed for macro-scale control and optimization, and many integrated cores （MlCs） operating in multiple-instruction multiple-data mode are used for a molecular dynamics simulation of the solid particles at the meso-scale. Many cores operating in single-instruction multiple- data mode, such as general purpose graphics processing units （GPGPUs）, are employed for direct numerical simulation of the fluid flow at the micro-scale using the lattice Boltzmann method. This architecture is also expected to be efficient for the multi-scale simulation of other comolex systems.
Large amounts of cyanide tailings are produced during the cyanidation process in gold extraction,which are hazardous solid wastes due to the toxic *** is one of the main minerals in cyanide *** removal of cyanide adso...
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Large amounts of cyanide tailings are produced during the cyanidation process in gold extraction,which are hazardous solid wastes due to the toxic *** is one of the main minerals in cyanide *** removal of cyanide adsorbed on pyrite by H_2O_2 oxidation under alkaline conditions was investigated in this *** was found that the removal efficiency was positively correlated with pH from 5 to 12,but remained almost constant when pH was higher than *** highest cyanide removal efficiency of 91.10% was achieved by adding no less than 0.6 wt.% of H_2O_*** removal was positively correlated with the CN^-adsorption amount between 1.06 and 8.5 mg/g,and temperature between 25 and 85°*** removal of cyanide adsorbed on pyrite by H_2O_2 oxidation under alkaline conditions was due to the oxidation of ***,thiocyanate and sulfate were generated with mole ratios of about 2.03:1.12:3.17 during the cyanide removal.?2018 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Optimal feedback design of dynamical systems is a significant topic in automatic control community and information *** for nonlinear systems,optimal control design always leads to coping with the nonlinear Hamilton-Ja...
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Optimal feedback design of dynamical systems is a significant topic in automatic control community and information *** for nonlinear systems,optimal control design always leads to coping with the nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman ***,it is intractable to acquire the analytic solution of the nonlinear Hamilton-JacobiBellman equation for general nonlinear systems.
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