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10th International Conference on Optimization and Applications, ICOA 2024

作者： Er-Ratby, Mohamed Kobi, Abdessamad Sadraoui, Youssef Kadiri, Moulay Saddik National School of Applied Sciences Sultan Moulay Slimane University LASTI Laboratory of Science and Engineering Techniques Khouribga Morocco Polytech Angers University of Angers LARIS Angevin Laboratory for Systems Engineering Research Angers France National School of Applied Sciences Sultan Moulay Slimane University LIPIM Laboratory of Process Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics Khouribga Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387353

The convergence between advanced technology and industrial production holds significant potential to enhance operational efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, and minimize unexpected disruptions. Artificial intelligence, in particular, plays a crucial role in predicting machine failures, thereby contributing to the optimization of operational performance and maximizing overall company output. However, current challenges in maintenance and production are numerous. High maintenance costs are often a major concern for companies, as they can significantly eat into profit margins. Unexpected downtime, caused by sudden machine failures, leads to substantial production losses, affecting not only revenue but also customer satisfaction and the company's reputation. Furthermore, the increasing complexity of industrial systems makes the management of maintenance and production even more difficult, necessitating more advanced and integrated solutions. This article explores the various applications of artificial intelligence in the manufacturing industry, highlighting its impact on business performance. It also examines the steps necessary for implementing predictive maintenance, from data collection and processing to the establishment of predictive models. The ultimate goal is to improve equipment availability, optimize operational performance, and maximize overall company output. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive maintenance

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Highly ductile hypereutectic Al-Si alloys fabricated by selective laser melting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第15期110卷 84-95页

作者： Yafeng Yang Kang Geng Shaofu Li Michael Bermingham R.D.K.Misra State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering University of QueenslandSaint LuciaQueensland 4072Australia Department of Metallurgical Materials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El Paso500 W University AvenueEl PasoTX 79968USA

In the endeavor to maximize the refinement effect of primary Si and alleviate the inherent brittleness of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy,the approach of coating P as a modifier on powder was *** ultimate aim was to create more heterogeneous fine Al P nucleus and enhance the nucleation efficiency of primary Si on Al P to refine the coarse primary Si to nano-scale during 3D *** the combination of large undercooling and high density of nucleation sites,the size of primary Si was successfully refined to 200–300 nm and the divorced eutectic was also induced to modify the microstructure of *** the presence of nano-scale primary Si,the melting pool boundary(MPB)feature disappeared and the fracture mechanism also changed from load transfer to interfacial *** with the pristine alloy,the ductility was increased four times without significantly changing the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and wear *** improvement of ductility is attributed to the refinement of primary Si,the disappearance of MPB features and the formation of divorced *** optimal tensile properties were:UTS-482 MPa,yield strength-320 MPa and ductility of 8.1%at 0.05 wt.%*** are comparable to those for high-strength Al alloys.

关键词： Al-Si alloys Heterogeneous nucleation Ductility Powder processing Selective laser melting

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Forest-Based Bioeconomy and Bio-Based Chemical Production in the European *** Defossilization Changes Policy Issues, Institutions, Actors, and Instruments in a Forest Policy Subsystem

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Beer, Katrin Böcher, Michael Ganzer, Caroline Blöbaum, Anke Engel, Lukas De Paula Sieverding, Theresa Sundmacher, Kai Matthies, Ellen Germany Institute of Political Science Faculty of Humanities Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg Universitaetsplatz 2 Magdeburg39106 Germany Process Systems Engineering Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems Sandtorstr. 1 Magdeburg39106 Germany Institute of Psychology Faculty of Natural Sciences Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg Universitaetsplatz 2 Magdeburg39106 Germany Institute of Process Engineering Faculty of Process- and Systems Engineering Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg Universitaetsplatz 2 Magdeburg39106 Germany

The chemical industry is one of the largest consumers of fossil raw materials in the European Union (EU). Phasing out the use of fossil carbon both for energetic and material use (decarbonization/defossilization) requires the introduction of alternative processes and systems of production and consumption. One strategy that brings forward the defossilization of the chemistry sector is the use of biomass (bio-based carbon) as a raw material to produce bio-based chemical products. Our analysis focuses on the intersection of the forest-based bioeconomy, bio-based chemical production, and consumer preferences. It points out how the sustainability transition of the chemical industry changes the forest-based bioeconomy policy subsystem in the EU. Drawing on the Political process-inherent Dynamics Approach (PIDA), we apply a mixed-methods research design that integrates three scientific perspectives in an interdisciplinary approach. We illustrate how shifts in forestry, the chemical industry, and consumer preferences change the forest-based bioeconomy policy subsystem. Numerous strategies and goals referring to international agreements have been introduced by the EU in recent years and new actors from the chemical industry are entering the policy subsystem. Yet, new instruments are needed and developed for the regulation of the carbon cycle and negative emissions. The study provides directions for research on the defossilization of the chemical industry through the use of forest biomass and points out potential conflicts and trade-offs. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon

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Evolutionary Algorithm-based Optimal Parametrization of Multi-objective Mixed-integer Linear Programming Scheduling Models

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2023年第2期56卷 5382-5387页

作者： Vassilios Yfantis Alexander Babskiy Bastian Dörig Thorsten Winterer Achim Wagner Martin Ruskowski Chair of Machine Tools and Control Systems Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau Kaiserslautern D-67663 Germany flexis AG Stuttgart D-70565 Germany Innovative Factory Systems German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Kaiserslautern D-67663 Germany

Modern manufacturing systems strive to optimize many different key performance indicators. Additionally, mathematical programming-based scheduling models enable the explicit considerations of constraints. However, due to the ever-increasing demand for customized products it is not guaranteed that all constraints can be met at the same time. An approach to circumvent this problem of infeasibility is to replace the constraints by soft-constraints, i.e., to penalize their violation in the objective function. The presence of multiple competing objectives and soft-constraints gives rise to multi-objective optimization problems, where a decision maker has to weigh and balance the different objectives and soft-constraints according to his/her preferences and priorities. Ideally the values of all objectives and soft-constraints should lie within the same order of magnitude, making it easy to weigh them against each other. However, for heterogeneous objectives and soft-constraints with different scales and units this might be challenging. This paper presents an evolutionary algorithm for the optimal parametrization of multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming-based scheduling models. The goal of the evolutionary algorithm is to compute weights for the different terms of the objective which lead to a balanced influence on the overall objective at the optimum. Furthermore, the algorithm is extended by introducing an a priori weighing of the objectives in the fitness function of the evolutionary algorithm. The method is demonstrated on a scheduling problem in which a given set of orders has to be allocated to machines within a manufacturing environment.

关键词： Evolutionary Algorithm Multi-objective optimization Scheduling

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Understanding Lithium-Ion Battery Degradation in Vehicle Applications: Insights from Realistic and Accelerated Aging Tests Using Volkswagen Id.3 Pouch Cells

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Schreiber, Markus Gamra, Kareem Abo Bilfinger, Philip Teichert, Olaf Schneider, Jakob Kröger, Thomas Wassiliadis, Nikolaos Ank, Manuel Rogge, Marcel Schöberl, Jan Rosner, Philipp Grosu, Cristina Jossen, Andreas Lienkamp, Markus School of Engineering & Design Department of Mobility Systems Engineering Institute of Automotive Technology Germany School of Engineering & Design Department of Energy and Process Engineering Institute of Electrical Energy Storage Germany

In this paper, we provide an in-depth analysis of long-term aging tests of over three years of continuous cycling using lithium-ion battery cells of the 2020 Volkswagen ID.3 Pro Performance. The study examines the degradation of state-ofthe-art NMC/graphite pouch cells and compares it with the degradation behavior in the field application under real-world conditions. The cell level tests include two realistic edge-case scenarios, namely a long-distance highway driving pattern as well as a short trip urban-interurban commuter pattern, alongside a synthetic, accelerated 1C/1C test case. Identifying the related dominating degradation modes reveals four key findings: first, the battery cells demonstrate exceptional cycle life performance, achieving nearly 400 000 km and 1100 fast-charge cycles between 20% and 80% state of charge in the highly demanding edge-case scenario. Second, accelerated synthetic load conditions significantly reduce testing time, with 1C/1C constant current cycles covering the OEM’s cycle aging warranty (of 160 000 km) within 14 weeks, compared to 24 weeks for the highway and 1.5 years for the commuter driving scenarios. Third, a notable mismatch in the degradation behavior of the three examined test cases is observed, with hardly any anode degradation and only a slight loss of lithium inventory in the commuter scenario. In contrast, the elevated stresses acting in the highway scenario and 1C/1C cycling cause a considerably higher loss of lithium inventory in combination with severe degradation of the negative electrode, ultimately resulting in a knee point. Fourth, inhomogeneous lithium distribution in the anode is found due to omitted rest periods, depending on the stress level. This inhomogeneous lithium distribution limits the transferability of synthetic accelerated laboratory test results to real-world vehicle applications, as these tests do not adequately replicate the degradation behavior observed in field applications. Nonetheless, a high

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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A Mapping Approach from System control Diagrams to the Module Type Package

A Mapping Approach from System Control Diagrams to the Modul...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Tobias Kock Julius Lorenz Anselm Klose Idar Pe Ingebringsten Andreas Schüller Leon Urbas Chair of Process Control Systems TUD Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany Process to Order Lab TUD Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany Equinor ASA Oslo Norway YNCORIS GmbH& Co. KG Hürth Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350361230

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361247

Modular process plants, built from process Equipment Assembly (PEA), promise a higher flexibility compared to monolithic plants. Digital documentation is a key requirement for a seamless orchestration of a modular plant using PEAs from different vendors. From a process engineering functional view the Module Type Package (MTP) documents the capabilities realized by a PEA. From a automation perspective the documentation and specification can be optimized by utilizing a standard called System control Diagrams (SCDs). There is up to now no connection of the individual standards. This connection could enable an integrated engineering approach to raise consistency and reduce engineering effort. This work presents an approach to map SCD based automation planning to the MTP. Therefore, both standards are introduced and a mapping from SCD to MTP is realized. It is shown, that most of the functions from SCD have a representation in the MTP, enabling the linking of basic automation functions to capabilities. This enables engineers which are using SCD as a planning tool to efficiently provide an MTP for PEAs or modular plants.

关键词： Documentation control systems Planning Standards Manufacturing automation Assembly

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Coupling of an amine-based carbon capture unit to a municipal solid waste incineration plant – an analysis of the dynamics

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Applied Thermal engineering 2025年 275卷

作者： Hüting, Florian Wieland, Christoph University of Duisburg-Essen Chair of Energy Process Engineering and Energy Systems North Rhine-Westphalia Essen Germany Gas- und Wärme-Institut Essen e.V. and University of Duisburg-Essen Chair of Energy Process Engineering and Energy Systems North Rhine-Westphalia Essen Germany

This study investigates the integration of an amine-based CO2 capture system with a municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plant in Germany, focusing on mitigating CO2 emissions from flue gas. Using operational data from the MSWI plant, the study analyzes the impact of highly dynamic and inhomogeneous flue gas composition on carbon capture performance. A steady-state simulation model of a carbon capture plant was developed in Aspen Plus® to optimize operational conditions and evaluate the effects of acidic components on system performance. Results indicate that while a direct contact cooler (DCC) with water reduces SO2 and NOx concentrations modestly, better removal rates are achieved by lowering flue gas temperatures or increasing operational pressure. Only 11.4% of the solvent degrades oxidative after 8000 operating hours because of the prior flue gas cleaning in the MSWI plant. At 1 bar pressure and 140 °C flue gas temperature, the DCC only reduced the degradation rate by 3.3%. A dynamic simulation model in Aspen Dynamics® assesses system response to variable flue gas conditions. Significant load increases reduce the CO2 capture rate temporarily to 61%. An optimization of the dynamic simulation model is carried out, which substantially improves performance. Additional implemented feed-forward control for solvent management further enhances response times and minimizes overshoot. The integration of model predictive control was less effective due to high dynamics of the flue gas composition and flowrate. Energy optimization reveals synergies between the MSWI plant and CO2 capture system, identifying opportunities for heat recovery and reduced energy demand. The integrated simulations provide insights into optimizing system integration and operational strategies for economic and ecological viability. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Municipal solid waste

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Several process Routes for Stepwise Carbonation of Serpentinite ‐ When Use Which Route?

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zevenhoven, Ron Häggqvist, Nico Åbo Akademi University Process and systems engineering FI‐20500 Finland

Abstract Quite a few routes developed for large‐scale CCS via CO 2 mineral sequestration can make use of Earth's vast and widespread resources of serpentinite, a magnesium silicate. In Finland, where mineral sequestration is the only CCS option within the country's borders, (and bioenergy + CCS on the horizon) almost two decades of R&D has resulted in several routes for serpentinite carbonation, all based on extraction of magnesium using a flux salt followed by carbonation of a magnesium salt and recovery of the flux salt. The process routes operate on a CO 2 ‐containing gas stream directly without a CO 2 pre‐separation (capture) step. This paper describes the developments to and characteristics of various Åbo Akademi (ÅA) routes for serpentine carbonation, the various products obtained and the recovery of flux salt. A comparison with process routes suggested by others is given as well. For given characteristics of a large‐scale CO 2 – containing gas producer (a power plant or other industry), a most suitable process route can be selected, depending on the CO 2 content of the gas, the waste heat available for serpentinite processing and the objectives with respect to the use of the diverse solid products. As a test case, mass and energy streams are calculated for a 0.5 Mt/year gas stream containing 10, 20 or 80%‐vol CO 2 , respectively, with 10% H 2 O and balance N 2 . © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Benchmark of Milp Formulations for District Heating Network Design

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Lambert, Jerry Ceruti, Amedeo Spliethoff, Hartmut Technical University of Munich TUM School of Engineering and Design Chair of Energy Systems Boltzmannstr. 15 Garching85747 Germany Department of Energy and Process Engineering Germany

Optimal routing and investment decisions are key design criteria to reduce the high investment costs of district heating systems. However, these optimization problems have prohibitively high computational costs for large districts. Four different linear optimization frameworks are benchmarked in this study in order to compare their computational scaling. The frameworks exhibit significant differences in solving times for synthetic benchmarks and real-world urban districts of up to 9587 potential edges. The new open-source framework topotherm, developed for this work, exhibits the best computational performance when only one time step is optimized. The comparison between the models Résimont, DHmin, DHNx, and topotherm show two main trends. First, fewer integer variables do not necessarily translate to lower solving times, and second, using redundant binary variables, which introduce symmetries into the constraints, leads to higher solving times. None of the considered optimization frameworks is able to solve the largest benchmark problems for five time steps within the allowed time limit and tolerance. These findings highlight the challenges of and pressing need to develop efficient models for simultaneous optimization of district heating network topology, pipe sizing, and operation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： District heating

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The Need for Smart Shop Floor Management in the Automotive Industry: Potentials, Challenges and Requirements 6

The Need for Smart Shop Floor Management in the Automotive I...

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6th International Conference on Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing, ISM 2024

作者： Kutz, Janika Viljoen, Altus Feike, Maximilian Przybilla, Leonard Guhl, Jakob Neuhüttler, Jens Krcmar, Helmut Fraunhofer IAO Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO Heilbronn74076 Germany Informatik 17 - Information Systems and Business Process Management Krcmar Lab Technical University of Munich i17 Boltzmannstraße 3Garching b München85748 Germany Bauhaus-University Weimar Weimar99423 Germany

Industry 4.0 and the accompanying digital transformation of the modern-day factory have led to various advances in manufacturing. Shop floor management (SFM) - a core instrument of production management - has to align with these digital advances as well. However, due to SFM's strong human-centric roots and manufacturers predominantly conducting SFM through analog means, it raises the question of what sort of digital support should be used for SFM and what specifications should be included in digital SFM systems. This study, consisting of a case study comprising semi-structured interviews and on-site inspections at a large original equipment manufacturer (OEM), provides concrete requirements for digitally-supported SFM derived from practice. We investigated which elements from analog SFM should be retained and where possible improvements through digital support exist. Moreover, we identified definitive improvement potentials such as the aggregation of data sources, as well as the preparation, performance, and documentation of shop floor meetings without disruptions in information flows. We conclude that digital transformation in the SFM context neither implies the mere introduction of software to solve specific problems, nor the full automation of SFM processes through digital solutions (what we call "digital" SFM). Rather, we highlight the importance of "smart SFM": the adoption of sociotechnical systems in which SFM's traditional social characteristics are maintained but are simultaneously sensibly augmented with digital solutions to improve SFM processes. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Automotive industry

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