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Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology 2016年第1期439卷 r90-r92页

作者： Benčina, Moica Štaudohar, M. Panneman, H. Ruijter, G. J. Visser, J. Legiša, M. Hammerschmid, M. Neuper, I. Konopitzky, K. Bayer, K. Josić, Djuro Kovács, Kornél L. Rákhely, Gábor Pott, A. S. Takács, Mária Tóth, András Bratu, H. Gyõrfi, Krisztina Fodor, Barna Tusz, Jennifer Dahl, C. Legiša, Matic Benčina, Mojca Gradišnik-Grapulin, Majda Lukančič, Irena Kraševec, Nada Svetina, Monika Komel, Radovan Podgornik, A. Barut, M. Strancar, A. Josić, Dj. Koloini, T. Gaberc-Porekar, Vladka Menart, Viktor Zhu, Hai-Ying Petrovič, Natasa Ling, Kai-Shu Gonsalves, Dennis National Institute of Chemistry Ljubljana Slovenia Section Genetics of Industrial Microorganisms Wageningen Agricultural University Wageningen The Netherlands Process Development Biotechnology Production Boehringer Ingelheim Austria Vienna Austria Microbial Fermentation Group at the Institut of Applied Microbiology University of Agricultural Sciences Vienna Austria Octapharma Pharmazeutika Produktionsges. mbH Wien Austria Inst. Biophysics Biological Research Centre Szeged Hungary Dept. Biotechnology A. József University Szeged Hungary Inst. Mikrobiol. Biotechnol. University of Bonn Bonn Germany Inst. Biotechnology Z. Bay Foundation for Applied Research Szeged Hungary BIA d.o.o. Ljubljana Slovenia Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Department of Plant Pathology Cornell University Geneva USA National Institute of Biology Ljubljana Slovenia

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Microstructural control and mechanical properties of low-cost titanium alloys for next generation aircrafts

Microstructural control and mechanical properties of low-cos...

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8th Pacific Rim International Congress on Advanced Materials and processing 2013, PRICM 8

作者： Niinomi, Mitsuo Nakai, Masaaki Itsumi, Yoshio Murakami, Shogo Oyama, Hideto Abe, Wataru Hieda, Junko Cho, Ken Akahori, Toshikazu Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan Titanium Research and Development Section Kobe Steel Ltd. Takasago 676-8670 Japan Materials Research Laboratory Kobe Steel Ltd. Kobe 651-2271 Japan Material and Process Engineering Section Aero Space Co. Kawasaki Heavy Industry Ltd. 1 Kawasaki-cho Kagamigahara 504-8710 Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering Meijo University 1-501 Shiogamaguchi Tempaku-ku Nagoya 468-8502 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781632660008

New titanium alloys have been developed for use in next-generation aircrafts by adding low-cost elements such as C, Fe, Al and Cr. Some of the newly developed alloys are Ti-4.5Al-2Mo-1.6V-0.5Fe-0.3Si-0.03C, referred to as KS Ti-9, and Ti-4.5Al-2.5Cr-1.2Fe-0.1C, referred to as KS Ti-531C. As opposed to the widely used Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64), KS Ti-9 can be rolled at much lower temperatures without employing pack-rolling, and the anisotropy in its mechanical strength is significant. Microstructural control process to reduce the anisotropy in the mechanical strength of KS Ti-9 has been investigated. Anisotropy controlling treatment (ACT) is found to be effective to reduce the anisotropy in the mechanical strength of KS Ti-9. KS Ti-531C, with good mechanical properties at room temperature, similar to those of Ti64, and high hot-workability with low flow stress during deformation at high temperatures, similar to that of commercially pure titanium (CPTi), has been developed for fabricating forged or extruded components. There still exists a possibility of the precipitation of titanium carbides depending on the kind of the microstructural control process used. The mechanical properties and the fatigue strength of KS Ti-531C with different microstructures have been investigated, (α + β)-annealed KS Ti-531C with an equiaxed α structure exhibits better ductility and fatigue strength than β-annealed KS Ti-531C with the Widmanstätten α structure because of the presence of titanium carbide precipitates in the β-annealed KS Ti-531C.

关键词： Titanium alloys

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Investigation on properties of bentonite type in cold bonded pelletization of flue dust

Investigation on properties of bentonite type in cold bonded...

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7th International Conference on processing and Manufacturing of Advanced Materials, THERMEC'2011

作者： Chen, Guan-Jhou Hwang, Weng-Sing Liu, Shih-Hsien Chou, Jaw-Min Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Iron Making Process Development Section Steel and Aluminum Research and Development Dept. China Steel China Department of Materials Science and Engineering I-Shou University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783037853047

In the integrated steel mills fabrication processes, the by-product of flue dust and electrostatic precipitator dust were found to be rich with large amounts of iron and carbon content and it could be recycled as a raw material for blast furnaces. In this study, we use the "Cold-bonded Pellet;CBP" technique to prepare the recycling samples for subsequent processing. Therefore, this study investigated under a fixed amount of bentonite added, the choice of different types of bentonite on the powder granulation performance and strength of particle duration effects, bentonite used as a basis for adjustment. The results showed that Bentonite samples of the granulation efficiency increase, relative to its yield and the rate of sticky increase. In general, CBP particle compressive strength increased, duration have increased, and found that curing condition B are large than the A method. In addition, by particle size analysis results show that, bentonite average particle size of 11-12μm have better compressive strength. Comprehensive assessment of granulation and mechanical properties, of which A label in four Bentonite can be preferred. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Bentonite

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Erratum to: The year-long unprecedented European heat and drought of 1540 – a worst case

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Climatic Change 2014年第3期125卷 365-367页

作者： Wetter, Oliver Pfister, Christian Werner, Johannes P. Zorita, Eduardo Wagner, Sebastian Seneviratne, Sonia I. Herget, Jürgen Grünewald, Uwe Luterbacher, Jürg Alcoforado, Maria-Joao Barriendos, Mariano Bieber, Ursula Brázdil, Rudolf Burmeister, Karl H. Camenisch, Chantal Contino, Antonio Dobrovolný, Petr Glaser, Rüdiger Himmelsbach, Iso Kiss, Andrea Kotyza, Oldřich Labbé, Thomas Limanówka, Danuta Litzenburger, Laurent Nordli, Øyvind Pribyl, Kathleen Retsö, Dag Riemann, Dirk Rohr, Christian Siegfried, Werner Söderberg, Johan Spring, Jean-Laurent Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland Institute of History Section of Economic Social and Environmental History (WSU) University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Geography Climatology Climate Dynamics and Climate Change Justus Liebig University of Giessen Giessen Germany Institute of Coastal Research Helmholtz Centre Geesthacht Geesthacht Germany Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich CHN N11 Zurich Switzerland Department of Geography Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms University Bonn Germany Chair Hydrology and Water Resources Management Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Process Engineering Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus – Senftenberg Cottbus Germany Centre of Geographical Studies Institute of Geography and Planning University of Lisbon Edifício da Fac. de Letras Lisboa Portugal Catalan Institute for Climate Sciences (IC3) Barcelona Spain Department of Modern History University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain Department of Slavonic Studies and Interdisciplinary Centre of Medieval Studies University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria Institute of Geography Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic Global Change Research Centre AS CR Brno Czech Republic Hoyerberg Bodolz Germany Department of Earth and Sea Sciences (DiSTeM) University of Palermo Palermo Italy Department of Environmental Social Studies and Geography - Physical Geography Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg i.Br. Freiburg Germany Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Regional Museum Litoměřice Czech Republic Institute of History Technische Universität (TU) of Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Institute of Meteorology and Water Management National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB) Center for Poland’s Climate Monitoring Warsaw Poland Lorraine University Center for Historical Research (CRULH) University of Lorraine Campus Lettres et Sciences Humaines Nancy Cede

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development of gauge control technology on tandem cold mill combined with pickling line

SEAISI Quarterly (South East Asia Iron and Steel Institute)

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SEAISI Quarterly (South East Asia Iron and Steel Institute) 2012年第3期41卷 59-63页

作者： Koizumi, Shigeto Kobayashi, Masanori Morimoto, Yoshio Murakami, Akira Sano, Kenichi Process Engineering Development Section Kakogawa Works KOBE STEEL Ltd. Kakogawa Japan Control Technology Research Section Technical Development Group KOBE STEEL Ltd. Kobe Japan Cold Rolling Division Kakogawa Works KOBE STEEL Ltd. Kakogawa Japan

The combined pickling and tandem cold mill (PTCM) is the main cold rolling plant of Kakogawa Works. Because gauge accuracy is one of the most important subjects, the multi valuable automatic gauge control system (MV-AGC) has been installed. As MV-AGC is a very effective system to keep gauge accuracy in longitudinal direction of the coil, the more the applied ratio of MV-AGC is, the shorter the off gauge length is. For applying MV-AGC widely, the tension reference pattern, that is the target value of the tension of MV-AGC at acceleration and deceleration stage, is optimized by numerical method. Through the actual operation, it is shown that applying the MV-AGC with the proper tension reference pattern has reduced the gauge deviation and the off gauge length at head to tail of the cold rolled strip.

关键词： Gages

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Effect of sinter layer porosity distribution on flow and temperature fields in a sinter cooler

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第3期16卷 265-272页

作者： Jik-chang Leong Kai-wun Jin Jia-shyan Shiau Tzer-ming Jeng Chang-hsien Tai Department of Vehicle Engineering Pingtung University of Science and Technology Iron Making Process Development Section Steel & Aluminum Research & Development Department Department of Mechanical Engineering Air Force Institute of Technology

When sinters are filled into the sinter cooler from the sintering machine, it is commonly seen that, due to segregation effects, sinters of larger size usually accumulate closer to the inner wall of the sinter cooler, whereas those of smaller size are to the outer wall. This nonuniform distribution of sinters has led to uneven cooling effect throughout the cooler. This causes the sinters leaving the cooler at a large temperature difference. This undesired temperature difference leads to the deformation and even the destruction of the conveyors. The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） technique was used in the present work to investigate the heat and fluid flow phenomena within the sinter cooler corresponding to the different distribution of sinter layer porosity, which was highly dependent on the arrangement and orientation of sinters within the sinter cooler. It is confirmed that a high mass flow rate within the sinter layer causes a low temperature region and vice versa. The flow fields for vertically reducing porosity distribution and random distribution are almost identical indicating the relative insignificance of convective heat transfer mechanism.

关键词： steel plant sinter cooler sinter porosity heat transfer packed bed

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Numerical prediction on the variation of temperature in the eroded blast furnace hearth with titanium dioxide in hot metal

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International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 2009年第4期36卷 335-341页

作者： Lin, C.H. Cheng, W.T. Du, S.W. Department of Chemical Engineering National Chung-Hsing University Taichung 402 Taiwan Department of Steel and Aluminum Research Iron Making Process Development Section China Steel Corporation Kaohsiung 812 Taiwan

This paper numerically predicts the decrease in temperature of the eroded hearth of the blast furnace with floating deadman (coke zone) case for Port Kembla no. 5 blast furnace (PKBF5) by solving the Navier-Stokes equation, the thermal-energy-balance equation with conjugated heat transfer, and the mass transfer equation with the effect of chemical reaction during tapping process at steady state. The chemical reaction is generated by titanium dioxide (TiO2) reacting with saturated carbon in hot metal. The following calculations are done by using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) package, FLUENT (version 6.2), with a segregated model. As shown in the results, on the basis of the flow pattern of liquid iron, the inlet selection of adding TiO2 may be far away from the taphole. The calculated temperature variation in the damaged hearth by reaction is significant, but that on the other side of the hearth without adding TiO2 isn't influenced. Additionally, the numerical temperature data of different locations may be examined by the blast furnace operators to judge the effect of lowering temperature. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Effects of basicity and FeO content on the softening and melting temperatures of the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slag system

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Materials Transactions 2009年第6期50卷 1448-1456页

作者： Chuang, Hsin-Chien Hwang, Weng-Sing Liu, Shih-Hsien Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Road Tainan 70101 Taiwan Iron Making Process Development Section Steel and Aluminum Research and Development Dept. China Steel Corporation No. 1 Chung Kang Road Hsiao Kang Kaohsiung 81233 Taiwan

The effects of basicity (the ratio between CaO and SiO2) and FeO content on softening and melting temperatures of direct reduced iron (DRI) residual, otherwise known as slag, were investigated. Sample slag pellets were prepared for two target compositions, CaO-SiO2-10%MgO-5%Al 2O3 and CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-10%Al2O 3. Two sets of experiments were conducted on the pellets: one varied basicity values between 1.83 and 0.55, and the other varied the FeO contents between 10% and 50% at constant basicity. The softening and melting process under elevated temperature was recorded using an optical softening-melting temperature measuring device and the temperature points were recorded at the four distinct shape changes of the sample pellets: initial deformation, sphere and hemisphere formation, and complete melting. The lowest softening and melting temperatures of the CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-10%Al2O3 samples occurred at a basicity of 0.55 while for the CaO-SiO2-10%MgO-5%Al 2O3 samples it occurred at 0.70. This corresponds to the liquidus temperatures on the CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 quaternary phase diagram. At constant basicity, the deformation temperature of CaO-SiO2-10%MgO-5%Al2O3 samples was found to be higher than that of CaO-SiO2-5%MgO-10%Al2O3 samples. Lastly, the addition of FeO below 20% to the CaO-SiO 2-MgO-Al2O3 system significantly decreased the softening and melting temperatures of the slag samples. However, further addition of FeO beyond 20% produced inconclusive results. © 2009 The Japan Institute of Metals.

关键词： Melting point

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development of gauge control technology on tandem cold rolling mill combined with pickling line

SEAISI Quarterly (South East Asia Iron and Steel Institute)

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SEAISI Quarterly (South East Asia Iron and Steel Institute) 2008年第3期37卷 48-52页

作者： Sano, Kenichi Kobayashi, Masanori Morimoto, Yoshio Yanagi, Shusuke Murakami, Akira Process Engineering Development Section Kakogawa Works Kobe Steel Ltd. Kakogawa Japan Mechanical Working Research Section Technical Development Group Kobe Steel Ltd. Kobe Japan Control Technology Research Section Technical Development Group Kobe Steel Ltd. Kobe Japan

In 1972, the tandem cold mill (TCM) at Kakogawa Works was started up as 5-stand batch type mill. In 1999, to respond the customers' severe request for gauge accuracy, the multi valuable automatic gauge control system (MVAGC) was installed and high accuracy of gauge control has been achieved. In 2002, to improve the productivity and the quality of cold-rolled products, the TCM line was combined with the pickling line and the threading and tailing off operations do not have been required. Before the combination, the mill operator corrected the pass schedule to apply MVAGC at threading. After that, the mill operator could not find operating time to correct the pass schedule calculated by the process computer, and the MVAGC was not usually applied. In order to use the MVAGC at the combined pickling and tandem cold mill, we have reconstructed the pass schedule setting method and the prediction model of rolling load for the pass schedule setting. As a result, MVAGC has been applied form head to tail of coil and off-gauge length has been successfully reduced. This paper describes the outline of the MVAGC system, the newly developed pass schedule setting method, prediction model of rolling load and the actual operation in TCM.

关键词： Cold rolling

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Improved infrared position sensitive detector

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IEEJ Transactions on Sensors and Micromachines 2009年第7期129卷 215-220页

作者： Takahata, Akihiro Shimada, Yoshiharu Yoshioka, Fumio Yamamoto, Ikuo Yoshida, Masashi Kimata, Masafumi Kano, Takashi IC Process Development Kodenshi Co. Ltd. 30 Jyuhachi Makishima-cho Uji Kyoto 611-0041 Japan New Device Development Kodenshi Co. Ltd. 30 Jyuhachi Makishima-cho Uji Kyoto 611-0041 Japan Quality Assurance Department Kodenshi Co. Ltd. 158 Jyuichi Makishima-cho Uji Kyoto 611-0041 Japan Semiconductor Center Kodenshi Co. Ltd. 30 Jyuhachi Makishima-cho Uji Kyoto 611-0041 Japan Marketing Section Kodenshi Co. Ltd. 158 Jyuichi Makishima-cho Uji Kyoto 611-0041 Japan College of Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University 1-1-1 Noji-higashi Kusatsu Shiga 525-8577 Japan

This paper presents an improved infrared position sensitive detector (IRPSD) that is operated in a vacuum condition. IRPSD is a two-dimensional infrared array sensor with two thermometers in each pixel. One thermometer is serially connected in a row and the other is serially connected in a column. The serial connection of these thermometers produces the sum of signals from all pixels in each row and column. With this array architecture, IRPSD extracts specific information without digital image processing. In this study, we developed an IRPSD that uses thermopiles as thermometers. To achieve high responsivity and large signal-to-noise ratio, we optimized the pattern layout of the pixel, considering thermal conductance and Johnson noise. As a result, responsivity of about 170 V/W was obtained. © 2009 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Thermometers

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