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Eurotherm Seminar 65 process Integration

作者： Van Beek, M.C. Rindt, C.C.M. Van Steenhoven, A.A. Wijers, J.G. Eindhoven University of Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Section Energy Technology PO Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology Faculty of Chemical Engineering Section Process Development PO Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9036514665

Waste heat recovery boilers as applied in refuse waste incinerators are susceptible to fouling. On the tube bundles in the boiler deposits are observed ranging from thin and powdery to thick and sintered with large ridges at the upstream side of the tubes. Both types of layers result in a decrease of the overall heat transfer coefficient of about 27%. To optimize the geometry of the bundle such that the formation of layers is minimized a model is developed that, as a function of the geometry, predicts the local deposition rate of particles. The model incorporates both the transport and the sticking of these particles to the surface. The applied sticking model is based on the two-body approach. The validity of this approach is shown using well-defined experiments in which the rebound characteristics of particles impacting on a powdery deposit are measured. Using the results from the impact experiments the deposition rate is calculated for a tube bank geometry with a varying pitch. The calculated deposition rates, when using the sticking model, are in the same order as the deposition rates reported for the industrial case. From these first calculations, it also appears that the pitch has a strong influence on the formation of a deposit on the tubes.

关键词： Refuse incinerators

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In-situ monitoring of electrochemical transport processes in Hanford Grout Vault Soil

In-situ monitoring of electrochemical transport processes in...

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作者： Schwartz, Daniel T. Buehler, Mark F. Christiansen, Derek X. Davis, E. James Department of Chemical Engineering Box 351750 University of Washington Seattle WA 98195-1750 United States Chemical Process Development Section Pacific Northwest Laboratory Battelle Boulevard Richland WA 99352 United States Intel Corporation Hillsboro OR 97124 United States Fujitsu Microelectronics Gresham OR 97030 United States

Real-time spatially-resolved radiotracer and soil conductivity measurements were used to assess the fate of contaminants and the interaction of electrolysis products with Grout Vault Soil from the Department of Energy's Hanford site in Richland, Washington. Radiotracer techniques allowed the extent that a radioactive species was remediated to be unambiguously determined in the laboratory, and the method also provided insight into the immobilization of Cs+ by adsorption to the soil. Conductivity measurements provided a window into the changing state of the porous medium and the propagation of electrochemically-generated species that were introduced by water electrolysis at each active electrode. Measurements of the velocity of conductivity fronts generated by water electrolysis were combined with detailed geochemical and geophysical data about the soil to evaluate plausible soil chemistries in the system. Based on ion transport rates, it was shown that the alkaline nature of the soil buffered protons generated at the anode and hydroxide anions generated at the cathode titrated surface groups in the soil.

关键词： Soil pollution control

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MEASURES OF EFFECTIVENESS AS APPLIED TO MAINTENANCE PRACTICES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1992年第4期104卷 101-102页

作者： JACOBS, KS ELFONT, M PROCACCINO, V Mark Elfont Ph.D:. is head of the Engineering Analysis Staff at the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station (NAVSSES). At NAVSSES Dr. Elfont developed the Ships Machinery Analysis and Reporting Technique (SMART) System that utilizes direct access to the Ships 3-M database to calculate the fleet performance of HM&E systems. The SMART process is an automated approach to performance trending and offers the in-service engineers and life cycle managers cost effective information on the performance of equipments and systems in the actual fleet environment. Prior to coming to NAVSSES Dr. Elfont was at the Naval Air Development Center (NADC) for 18 years with most of his service as program manager for various avionic weapon system developments. Dr. Elfont also spent three years as the business manager of a private telecommunication firm. Vincent Procaccino:is the measures of effectiveness coordinator within the Performance and Business Indicators Section of the Equipment Assessment and Alteration Department Naval Ship System Engineering Station (NAVSSES). Mr. Procaccino is responsible for developing processes and techniques for determining the effectiveness of condition assessment efforts primarily the Assessment of Equipment Condition (AEC) program. NAVSSES is the Navy's in service engineering agent for HM&E equipment and is currently pursuing several programs which are in the process of evaluating condition assessment of HM&E systems. The efforts include continuous on-line monitors and expert system applications. Prior to arriving at NAVSSES in December 1988 Mr. Procaccino received a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from Penn State University in August of 1987. He then worked as a project engineer for a small manufacturing firm until his arrival at NAVSSES.

Recent developments in surface ship maintenance strategies have been advanced on the promise of achieving reduced maintenance costs and improving the availability of shipboard systems. Included in the melange of proposed solutions are the Phased Maintenance Concept, Condition Based Maintenance, Expert System Diagnostics, as well as many other variations of these notions. As programs are initiated to evaluate prototype systems, or in some cases install production units, it is crucial that effective measurement procedures be instituted to determine to what extent the respective program goals and objectives are achieved. This paper explores various data sources that offer potential application to evaluation of advanced maintenance concept effectiveness. Also examined are data analysis and reporting techniques to clearly identify the benefits gained from those activities. The authors feel that it is important that the process of effectiveness evaluation, while remaining an objective process, become a part of the maintenance process itself. Maximum use of existing databases and in-place data collection procedures is advocated.

关键词： Naval Vessels

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Control-system construction and a testing environment using a CAD technique

Control-system construction and a testing environment using ...

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International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation

作者： Y. Ida Section 2 Development & Engineering Department2 Process Control Systems Business Division Yokogama Electric Corporation Musashino Tokyo Japan

In plant control, sophisticated control systems are implemented by closely combining sequence-control and feedback-control functions. In order to construct such a control system with CAD (computer-aided design) induced techniques, the author uses loop diagrams for feedback control and logic diagrams for sequence control in an engineering workstation. The operating condition of the control system is also monitored using input diagrams.< >

关键词： Logic design Control systems Logic programming System testing Design automation process control System buses Feedback control Condition monitoring Timing

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OPERATING AND TESTING A COMBINED SO2 AND NOX REMOVAL FACILITY

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ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS 1987年第3期6卷 177-182页

作者： FRANK, NW MILLER, GA REED, DA Ebara International Corp. Hempfield Industrial Park Greensburg PA 15601 G. A. Miller :Senior Engineer in the Process Design and Development Section of Ebara International Corporation earned his B.S. Degree in Mechanical Engineering at Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Currently he is a member of the design and testing teams for the PDU facility. D. A. Reed :Chemical Engineer for Ebara International Corporation earned his B.S. Degree in Chemical Engineering at the University of Maryland. Currently he is working with the operations and maintenance section at the demonstration unit in Indianapolis Indiana.

Test results and operational procedures of a 32,000 Nm/hr combined SO 2 and NO X removal facility utilizing electron beam technology and dry ammonia injection are discussed in detail, showing how the facility can be operated to give maximum removal efficiencies and optimum utility requirements. To date, the overall plant design efficiencies of 90% SO 2 and NO X removal efficiency have been achieved. A brief history of the development of the process along with a description of the plant is presented. Performance of the plant is compared to previous similar pilot plants operated in Japan and the influences of process parameters on the plant operation and removal efficiencies are discussed. Use of an alternative reagent and its effect on removal efficiencies and plant operation is presented followed by results of analysis of the fertilizer by-product yielded by the process.

关键词： FLUE GASES

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ACETONE-BUTANOL FERMENTATION process-development AND ECONOMIC-EVALUATION

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BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS 1986年第1期2卷 23-28页

作者： MARLATT, JA DATTA, R CPC International Moffett Technical Center Summit-Argo Illinois 60501 John Marlatt:was employed as an engineer in process development at Moffett Technical Center of CPC International. He is currently with Kellogg R&D Center in Battle Creek Michigan. Dr. Rathin Datta:is a research scientist-section leader at CPC. He was previously employed at Exxon Research and Engineering Co. Linden New Jersey and Merck and Co. Rahway New Jersey.

An improved process for the manufacture of butanol from corn is described. An improved bacterial strain has made the multistage fermentation process stable, productive, and high yielding. Economic evaluation of the pr... 详细信息

关键词： ACETONE

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CREATIVE WAYS OF REVAMPING NH3 PLANTS CAN IMPROVE PROFITABILITY.

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Plant/operations progress 1984年第2期3卷 101-107页

作者： Wang, Shoou-I Patel, Nitin M. Air Products and Chemicals Inc. Allentown Pa. 18105 Shoou-I Wang:is Manager of Hydrogen and Syngas Section Process Engineering Air Products & Chemicals Inc. Allentown Pa. He is responsible for high temperature process design activities on hydrogen carbon monoxide ammonia and methanol plants. He is also program manager for research and development in the hydrogen and carbon monoxide areas. He received a BS from Chung-Yuan University and an MS and PhD from Montana State University all in chemical engineering. Nitin M. Patel:is principal process engineer with Air Products & Chemicals Inc. Allentown Pa. He is responsible for high temperature process design/optimization activities regarding hydrogen carbon monoxide and ammonia plants. He received his BS from University of Baroda and his MS from Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) both in chemical engineering.

High energy costs have created a need to revamp existing ammonia plants to reduce the overall energy consumption per unit ton of production. This paper discusses the Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. (APCI) NH//3 plant bottlenecks and shares some successful experience in revamping to overcome bottlenecks associated with capacity expansion, and overall performance efficiency/reliability improvements.

关键词： AMMONIA

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SEAKEEPING BY DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 157-178页

作者： COMSTOCK, EN KEANE, RG Mr. Edward N. Comstock is currently Head of the Surface Ship Hydrodynamics Section (SEA 32132) of the Hull Form Design Performance and Stability Branch Naval Sea Systems Command. He received his B.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering in 1970 and his M.S. degree in Ship Hydrodynamics in 1974 both from the University of Michigan. Mr. Comstock began his professional career with the U.S. Navy in 1974 as a Seakeeping Specialist in the Hull Form and Fluid Dynamics Branch of the former Naval Ship Engineering Center being involved in improving the design of naval ships through the integration of R&D technology advances into the ship design process. His efforts prior to 1980 were mainly aimed at developing and establishing Seakeeping Performance Assessment and Design Practices. Other responsibilities have included numerous ship performance investigations in still water and in the sea environment in support of ship design and specific Fleet problems. Prior to his employment by the Navy he worked in the Structural and Hydrodynamic Groups of General Dynamics' Electric Boat Division. There his activities spanned the areas of Submarine structural and Hydrodynamic Design and Construction. A member of ASNE since 1978. he is also a member of ASE and SNAME and has been active in supporting the efforts of the SNAME H-7 (Seakeeping) Panel the National Science Foundation (NSF). and the NATO Naval Armaments Group 6/Sub-Group 5 (Seakeeping). Mr. Robert G. Keane Jr. is presently Head of the Hull Form Design. Performance and Stability Branch (SEA 3213). Ship Design and Integration Directorate (SEA 03). Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). He received his B.E.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from The Johns Hopkins University in 1962. his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Stevens Institute of Technology in 1967. and his M.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture from the University of Michigan in 1970. Additionally he has done graduate work in Management Science and Operations Research at The Johns Ho

“Seakeeping … is the ability of our ships to go to sea, and Successfully and safely execute their missions despite adverse environmental factors.” — VAdm. R.E. Adamson. USN In June 1975, VAdm. R.E. Adamson, USN, then Commander Naval Surface Forces, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, addressed the participants of the Seakeeping Workshop [1] and established what has come to be a most profound definition of seakeeping as it relates to the U.S. Navy. In those few words he identified the two major issues facing the operator today and provided the focus for all subsequent seakeeping efforts within the design community at the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). For it is these two hues of mission sum and safety at sea which are addressed within NAVSEA, for each new ship design and for ships in the Fleet, in terms of: SEAKEEPING PERFORMANCE — Ability to execute mission in a sea environment, and SEAWORTHINESS — Ability to survive in an extreme sea environment. In the past, the design of ships exhibiting superior seakeeping performance and seaworthiness and seaworthiness has been looked upon by many as an art or an academic exercise. The objective of this paper then is to demonstrate clearly that the ability of our ships to execute their missions successfully and safely in a sea environment is not by chance but by design.

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TRANSIM‐A GENERAL PURPOSE PROBLEM SOLVING TOOL

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Naval Engineers Journal 1973年第5期85卷 79-92页

作者： McMICHAEL, DAVID L. ORLEANS, BEATRICE S. Mr. David L. McMichael:is Senior Development Engineer on the Project TRANSIM Staff at the University of California at Los Angeles. He is widely experienced in the application of quantitative analytical methods in particular computer simulation to the solution of real-world problems. Prior to joining the UCLA Staff he was a commissioned officer in the U.S. Navy and was assigned to the Naval Ship Systems Command as a system analyst engaged in the introduction of quantitative analysis methods in the Navy management decision-making process. He has also been Senior Systems Analyst ASSET Inc. Industrial Engineer with the Surface Combustion Corp. and Speiser Engineering Inc. and a lecturer in Mathematics at North Virginia Community College. He received his MS degree in Operations Research at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School having specialized in gaming and simulation and his BSME degree at Tri-State College Angola Indiana. Miss Beatrice S. Orleans:holds a BA degree in Mathematics and Statistics from Hunter College and a MS degree in Statistics from Columbia University-Graduate School of Business. She has also completed graduate courses at Columbia George Washington and American Universities. Prior to her present position she was employed by the International Statistical Bureau as an economic statistician the Educational Testing Service as a research assistant the Air Force Human Resources Research Laboratory as an aviation psychologist and Head of the Statistics Section and CNO Aviation Plans and Programs as a mathematical statistician. For the past 20 years she has been with the Bureau of Ships and now the Naval Ship System Command in what is known as the Statistical Engineering Branch of which she has been the Branch Head for the last 10 years. She also has worked in the areas of Statistical Quality Control and Design of Experiments and Reliability and in addition has taught a number of sessions of a course in Introduction to Statistical Inference for the Navy the Laboratories and the Army.

This paper describes TRANSIM simulation a a method for solving problems. There is a brief discussion of modeling and its importance. TRANSIM is compared with other general purpose simulators, special purpose simulation, and network analysis techniques such as PERT/CPM. Data requirements for TRANSIM applications are discussed, and a few examples of specific Navy applications are described in a general fashion. In conclusion, the paper details the latest TRANSIM development work in project analysis and output formats for project risk, resource allocation and scheduling. © 1973 American Society of Naval Engineers

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A QUARTER CENTURY OF COOLING WATER TREATMENT FOR NAVAL DIESEL ENGINES

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Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 1958年第2期70卷 261-278页

作者： CLARKE, FRANK E. THE AUTHOR graduated from Western Maryland College in 1935 with degrees in chemistry and education. Studied advanced physical chemistry for one year at University of Maryland and taught chemistry for five years before entering the EES Chemical Laboratory in 1941. He became Head of the Boiler Water Section in 1942 Head of the Chemical and Physical Branch in 1946 and Head of the Process Branch Chemical Engineering Laboratory in 1951. He has been in charge of EES development work on Diesel engine cooling water treatment since 1942.

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