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Techno-economic impact assessment of recycled gypsum usage in plasterboard manufacturing

Journal of Remanufacturing 2019年第3期9卷 141-167页

作者： Papailiopoulou, N. Grigoropoulou, H. Founti, M. Chemical Process Engineering Laboratory Department of Process Analysis and Plant Design School of Chemical Engineering National Technical University of Athens Heroon Polytechniou 9 Polytechnioupoli Zografou Athens 15780 Greece Laboratory of Heterogeneous Mixtures and Combustion Systems Thermal Engineering Section School of Mechanical Engineering National Technical University of Athens Heroon Polytechniou 9 Polytechnioupoli Zografou Athens 15780 Greece

Recycled gypsum derived from post-consumer sources is a promising resource that can be reincorporated in the production chain, offering opportunities to decrease manufacturing costs given its significantly lower price compared to conventional gypsum. The systematic usage of post-consumer recycled gypsum is a relatively new practice in the plasterboard industry and there is lack of extensive literature references on the potential effects on the manufacturig process, since the available related studies are limited to more holistic approaches. The current work is, to our knowledge, the first study to assess the practice of gypsum recycling from an economical and technical point of view within the boundaries of the plasterboard manufacturing process. The paper provides a detailed techno-economic impact assessment of the usage of recycled gypsum up to 30% by weight in feedstock in the manufacturing of Type A plasterboard, based on data collected from full-scale industrial production trials carried out in five representative European plants located in four different countries. The potential impacts are analyzed in relation to each affected process parameter. A series of options for process adjustments, modifications and corrective measures in order to amortize the effects on product quality and/or cost are also reported. The analysis indicates high dependence of the cost impacts on process-specific characteristics. A limited reduction of 0.6% in the average total manufacturing cost per m² of plasterboard was calculated, which can be associated to the considerable decrease, by 9.5%, of raw material costs. The latter fully compensates the increases to other process costs, and mainly to chemical additives which increased by 8%. The overall analysis allows quantification of the process parameters and costs that are affected when the percentage of recycled gypsum incorporated in plasterboard production is significantly increased. The results and the methodology prop

关键词： Plasterboard manufacturing costs Plasterboard manufacturing process Recycled gypsum Techno-economic impact

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Bi-affinity Electrolyte Optimizing High-Voltage Lithium-Rich Manganese Oxide Battery via Interface Modulation Strategy

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第30期135卷

作者： Xuedi Yuan Dr. Tao Dong Jiaxin Liu Dr. Yingyue Cui Haotian Dong Dr. Du Yuan Prof. Haitao Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China School of Henan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450002 P. R. China Contribution: Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Methodology (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Supervision (lead) Contribution: Methodology (supporting) College of Materials Science and Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology 960 2nd Section Changsha Hunan 410004 P. R. China Henan Key Laboratory of Energy Storage Materials and Processes Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology Zhengzhou 450003 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Funding acquisition (lead) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead)

The practical implementation of high-voltage lithium-rich manganese oxide (LRMO) cathode is limited by the unanticipated electrolyte decomposition and dissolution of transition metal ions. The present study proposes a bi-affinity electrolyte formulation, wherein the sulfonyl group of ethyl vinyl sulfone (EVS) imparts a highly adsorptive nature to LRMO, while fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) exhibits a reductive nature towards Li metal. This interface modulation strategy involves the synergistic use of EVS and FEC as additives to form robust interphase layers on the electrode. As-formed S-endorsed but LiF-assisted configuration cathode electrolyte interphase with a more dominant −SO 2 − component may promote the interface transport kinetics and prevent the dissolution of transition metal ions. Furthermore, the incorporation of S component into the solid electrolyte interphase and the reduction of its poorly conducting component can effectively inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites. Therefore, a 4.8 V LRMO/Li cell with optimized electrolyte may demonstrate a remarkable retention capacity of 97 % even after undergoing 300 cycles at 1 C.

关键词： Bi-Affinity Electrolyte Ethyl Vinyl Sulfone Fluoroethylene Carbonate Interphase Modulation Strategy Lithium Rich Manganese Oxide Cathode

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Erratum to: The year-long unprecedented European heat and drought of 1540 – a worst case

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Climatic Change 2014年第3期125卷 365-367页

作者： Wetter, Oliver Pfister, Christian Werner, Johannes P. Zorita, Eduardo Wagner, Sebastian Seneviratne, Sonia I. Herget, Jürgen Grünewald, Uwe Luterbacher, Jürg Alcoforado, Maria-Joao Barriendos, Mariano Bieber, Ursula Brázdil, Rudolf Burmeister, Karl H. Camenisch, Chantal Contino, Antonio Dobrovolný, Petr Glaser, Rüdiger Himmelsbach, Iso Kiss, Andrea Kotyza, Oldřich Labbé, Thomas Limanówka, Danuta Litzenburger, Laurent Nordli, Øyvind Pribyl, Kathleen Retsö, Dag Riemann, Dirk Rohr, Christian Siegfried, Werner Söderberg, Johan Spring, Jean-Laurent Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland Institute of History Section of Economic Social and Environmental History (WSU) University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Geography Climatology Climate Dynamics and Climate Change Justus Liebig University of Giessen Giessen Germany Institute of Coastal Research Helmholtz Centre Geesthacht Geesthacht Germany Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science ETH Zurich CHN N11 Zurich Switzerland Department of Geography Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms University Bonn Germany Chair Hydrology and Water Resources Management Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Process Engineering Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus – Senftenberg Cottbus Germany Centre of Geographical Studies Institute of Geography and Planning University of Lisbon Edifício da Fac. de Letras Lisboa Portugal Catalan Institute for Climate Sciences (IC3) Barcelona Spain Department of Modern History University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain Department of Slavonic Studies and Interdisciplinary Centre of Medieval Studies University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria Institute of Geography Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic Global Change Research Centre AS CR Brno Czech Republic Hoyerberg Bodolz Germany Department of Earth and Sea Sciences (DiSTeM) University of Palermo Palermo Italy Department of Environmental Social Studies and Geography - Physical Geography Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg i.Br. Freiburg Germany Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria Regional Museum Litoměřice Czech Republic Institute of History Technische Universität (TU) of Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Institute of Meteorology and Water Management National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB) Center for Poland’s Climate Monitoring Warsaw Poland Lorraine University Center for Historical Research (CRULH) University of Lorraine Campus Lettres et Sciences Humaines Nancy Cede

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Thermoplastic separation and recovery from various mixed scrap plastics by the argonne developed froth flotation technology

Thermoplastic separation and recovery from various mixed scr...

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Society of Plastics Engineers - Global Plastics Environmental Conference, GPEC 2007 - Environmental Innovation: Plastics Recycling and Sustainability

作者： Pomykala Jr., Joseph A. Jody, Bassam J. Daniels, Edward J. Argonne National Laboratory Process Engineering and Analysis Section Energy Systems Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue Argonne IL 60439 Processes Engineering and Analysis Section Energy Systems Division Argonne National Laboratory

ISBN: (纸本)9781604238945

Argonne National Laboratory has developed a froth flotation technology to separate various polymers from one another, including the separation of acrylo-nitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) from polystyrene. This technology, which separates overlapping density materials from one another in an aqueous solution, has been successful in the separation and recovery of polymers from various waste streams generated in the United States and the European Union. These streams have included shredder residue, white goods, small home appliance scrap, and electronics scrap. Presently Argonne is extending the process to separate and recover polymers from shredder residue which is a byproduct from the recovering of metals from end of life vehicles, home appliances and other metal containing materials. This work is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy and is done in cooperation with the Vehicle Recycling Partnership of the United States Council for Automotive Research (USCAR) and the American Plastics Council. This paper describes the Argonne processes as they were applied to a variety of mixed scrap plastic streams.

关键词： Thermoplastics

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Mass balance and composition analysis of shredder residue

Mass balance and composition analysis of shredder residue

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2007 World Congress

作者： Pomykala Jr., Joseph A. Jody, Bassam J. Spangenberger, Jeffrey S. Daniels, Edward J. Process Engineering and Analysis Section Energy Systems Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue Argonne IL 60439 United States

The process of shredding end-of-life vehicles to recover metals results in a byproduct commonly referred to as shredder residue. The four and a half million metric tons of shredder residue produced annually in the United States is presently land filled. To meet the challenges of automotive materials recycling, the U.S. Department of Energy is supporting research at Argonne National Laboratory in cooperation with the Vehicle Recycling Partnership (VRP) of the United States Council for Automotive Research (USCAR) and the American Plastics Council. This paper presents the results of a study that was conducted by Argonne to determine variations in the composition of shredder residue from different shredders. Over 90 metric tons of shredder residues were processed through the Argonne pilot plant. The contents of the various separated streams were quantitatively analyzed to determine their composition and to identify materials that should be targeted for recovery. The analysis established a reliable mass balance for the different materials in shredder residue. Copyright © 2007 SAE International.

关键词： Pilot plants

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Model reference adaptive controller design for MIMO linear systems based on multirate generalized sampled-data hold functions

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Systems Science 1999年第3期25卷 5-36页

作者： Arvanitis, K.G. Sigrimis, N. Kookos, I.K. Kalogeropoulos, G. Natl. Technical University of Athens Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Engineering Division of Computer Science Zographou 15773 Athens Greece Agricultural University of Athens Dept. of Agricultural Engineering Athens 11855 Greece Imperial College Department of Chemical Engineering Ctr. for Process Systems Engineering SW7 2BY London United Kingdom University of Athens Department of Mathematics Section of Mathematical Analysis Panepistimiopolis 15784 Athens Greece

The use of multirate generalized sampled-data hold functions for model reference adaptive control of linear multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) systems with unknown parameters, is investigated in this paper, for the first time. Such a control scheme contains a multirate sampling mechanism with different sampling period to each system input and relies on two periodically varying modulating matrix functions. The proposed control strategy allows us to assign an arbitrary discrete-time transfer function matrix for the sampled closed-loop system and does not make assumptions on the plant other than controllability and observability of the continuous and the sampled system, and the knowledge of a set of structural indices, namely the locally minimum controllability indices of the continuous-time plant. The indirect adaptive control scheme presented here, estimates the unknown plant parameters (and hence the parameters of the desired modulating matrix functions) on line, from sequential data of the inputs and the outputs of the plant, which are recursively updated within the time limit imposed by a fundamental sampling period T0. The controller determination is reduced to the simple problem of solving a linear algebraic system of equations, whereas known indirect model reference adaptive control techniques require the solution of matrix polynomial Diophantine equations, whose solutions may become unstable. Moreover, persistency of excitation and, therefore, parameter convergence, of the continuous-time plant is provided without making assumptions either on the existence of specific convex sets in which the estimated parameters belong or on the coprimeness of the polynomials describing the ARMA model, or finally on the richness of the reference signals, as compared to known indirect model reference adaptive control schemes.

关键词： Control system synthesis

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Measurements of condensable outgassing rates of external materials on the international space station 34th

Measurements of condensable outgassing rates of external mat...

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34th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 1996

作者： Hakes, Charles L. Garrett, Jeffrey W. Ehlers, Horst K.F. Albyn, Keith Lockheed Martin Engineering and Sciences Materials Technology Manufacturing and Testing Section 2400 NASA Rd 1 HoustonTX77058 United States Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space Materials and Process Control Laboratory SunnyvaleCA United States NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Materials and Failure Analysis Branch HoustonTX United States

The International Space Station is ensured a long operational lifetime in low Earth orbit in part by having contaminant deposition rate requirements placed on sensitive external surfaces. To meet the requirements, external materials must have very low condensable outgassing rates - typically less than 4x10-14 g/cm2s for materials with large external surface areas. For most materials, this rate is much lower than previously measured. A procedure using an ASTM E 1559 apparatus to measure these rates is described. The outgassing characteristics of several large-surface-area external materials, including anodized aluminum, Z-93 white paint, Shuttle payload-bay-liner beta cloth, Silicon-oxide-coated Kapton, Tefzel insulation, and Nextel fabric are reported. A table of recommended contaminant source terms for these materials to be used in the Space Station external contamination analysis is presented. These data are being used to assess the long-term performance of Space Station systems as affected by permanent molecular deposition. © 1996, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.

关键词： Space stations

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Plasma shape control: A general approach and its application to Alcator C-mod

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FUSION TECHNOLOGY 1996年第2期30卷 137-150页

作者： Hutchinson, IH Horne, SF Tinios, G Wolfe, SM Granetz, RS Massachusetts Institute of Technology Plasma Fusion Center Cambridge MA 02139 United States Department of Nuclear Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) MIT Plasma Fusion Center Centre for Numerical Modelling and Process Analysis University of Greenwich Plasma Section Toroidal Confinement Division MIT Plasma Fusion Center MHD Group

A general approach to plasma shape control and its application to the Alcator C-Mod tokamak are described. The method is linear in the magnetic measurements but is entirely algorithmic, requiring no fitting of databases. Estimators of the shape parameters are based on a complete vacuum reconstruction of the flux, so that control points can be defined anywhere within the reconstructed region. The conversion of flux differences into flux-surface distances and the calculation of appropriate coil currents for controlling each parameter require a specific reference equilibrium. However the control is very insensitive to the choice of reference equilibrium provided that the shape parameters are chosen appropriately. Control current combinations that are orthogonal, in the sense of changing one parameter and not the others, are obtained. Experiments with these estimators and controllers show them to be accurate and robust over a wide range of plasma shapes.

关键词： Alcator C-Mod Plasma shape control Tokamak

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MEASURES OF EFFECTIVENESS AS APPLIED TO MAINTENANCE PRACTICES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1992年第4期104卷 101-102页

作者： JACOBS, KS ELFONT, M PROCACCINO, V Mark Elfont Ph.D:. is head of the Engineering Analysis Staff at the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station (NAVSSES). At NAVSSES Dr. Elfont developed the Ships Machinery Analysis and Reporting Technique (SMART) System that utilizes direct access to the Ships 3-M database to calculate the fleet performance of HM&E systems. The SMART process is an automated approach to performance trending and offers the in-service engineers and life cycle managers cost effective information on the performance of equipments and systems in the actual fleet environment. Prior to coming to NAVSSES Dr. Elfont was at the Naval Air Development Center (NADC) for 18 years with most of his service as program manager for various avionic weapon system developments. Dr. Elfont also spent three years as the business manager of a private telecommunication firm. Vincent Procaccino:is the measures of effectiveness coordinator within the Performance and Business Indicators Section of the Equipment Assessment and Alteration Department Naval Ship System Engineering Station (NAVSSES). Mr. Procaccino is responsible for developing processes and techniques for determining the effectiveness of condition assessment efforts primarily the Assessment of Equipment Condition (AEC) program. NAVSSES is the Navy's in service engineering agent for HM&E equipment and is currently pursuing several programs which are in the process of evaluating condition assessment of HM&E systems. The efforts include continuous on-line monitors and expert system applications. Prior to arriving at NAVSSES in December 1988 Mr. Procaccino received a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from Penn State University in August of 1987. He then worked as a project engineer for a small manufacturing firm until his arrival at NAVSSES.

Recent developments in surface ship maintenance strategies have been advanced on the promise of achieving reduced maintenance costs and improving the availability of shipboard systems. Included in the melange of proposed solutions are the Phased Maintenance Concept, Condition Based Maintenance, Expert System Diagnostics, as well as many other variations of these notions. As programs are initiated to evaluate prototype systems, or in some cases install production units, it is crucial that effective measurement procedures be instituted to determine to what extent the respective program goals and objectives are achieved. This paper explores various data sources that offer potential application to evaluation of advanced maintenance concept effectiveness. Also examined are data analysis and reporting techniques to clearly identify the benefits gained from those activities. The authors feel that it is important that the process of effectiveness evaluation, while remaining an objective process, become a part of the maintenance process itself. Maximum use of existing databases and in-place data collection procedures is advocated.

关键词： Naval Vessels

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FLAMMABILITY AND TOXICITY OF COMPOSITE-MATERIALS FOR MARINE VEHICLES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第5期102卷 45-54页

作者： SEVART, JL GRIFFIN, OH GURDAL, Z WARNER, GA Jeffrey L. Sevart:is a native of Kansas and a 1985 graduate of Kansas State University with a B.S. in mechanical engineering (magna cum laude). After working as a stress analysis engineer at Boeing Military Airplane Company in Wichita Kans. he attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and received an M.S. in engineering mechanics in February 1988. He currently resides in Akron Ohio working as a research engineer in tire composites research at The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company. O. Hayden Griffin Jr.:received his B.S. and M.S. in mechanical engineering from Texas Tech University in 1970 and 1971 respectively. He received his Ph.D. in engineering mechanics from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1980. Prior to joining the faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University as associate professor of engineering science and mechanics in September 1985 he was employed at the U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center (Dahlgren Virginia) BF Goodrich Tire Group (Akron Ohio) the Bendix Advanced Technology Center (Columbia Maryland) and the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (Laurel Maryland). He is currently an associate director of the Virginia Institute for Material Systems. He is a registered professional engineer in Virginia and is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the American Society for Composites. Zafer Gürdal:received his M.S. in mechanical and aerospace engineering from Illinois Institute of Technology in 1981 and his Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985. He worked as a research associate in the Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Department at Virginia Tech before joining the Engineering Science and Mechanics Department as an assistant professor in September 1985. Professor Gürdal's research interests include: composite structures failure mechanics of composites structural optimization and damage tolerant design. He is a member of the American Institute

Characteristics of both thermoplastic and thermoset composite materials as they pertain to marine vehicle applications are discussed. Comparison of various material selection factors such as strength, damage and moisture resistance, and flammability and toxicity as well as cost and availability of thermoset and thermoplastic composite materials are presented. Methods for testing and reducing the flammability and toxicity are discussed. Many commercially available composite systems are reported to provide favorable characteristics for marine applications. Although there seems to be a need for improved production technology for thermoplastics, they present potential advantages in physical properties over thermoset composites.

关键词： Composite Materials

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