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FLAMMABILITY AND TOXICITY OF COMPOSITE-MATERIALS FOR MARINE VEHICLES

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第5期102卷 45-54页

作者： SEVART, JL GRIFFIN, OH GURDAL, Z WARNER, GA Jeffrey L. Sevart:is a native of Kansas and a 1985 graduate of Kansas State University with a B.S. in mechanical engineering (magna cum laude). After working as a stress analysis engineer at Boeing Military Airplane Company in Wichita Kans. he attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and received an M.S. in engineering mechanics in February 1988. He currently resides in Akron Ohio working as a research engineer in tire composites research at The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company. O. Hayden Griffin Jr.:received his B.S. and M.S. in mechanical engineering from Texas Tech University in 1970 and 1971 respectively. He received his Ph.D. in engineering mechanics from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1980. Prior to joining the faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University as associate professor of engineering science and mechanics in September 1985 he was employed at the U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center (Dahlgren Virginia) BF Goodrich Tire Group (Akron Ohio) the Bendix Advanced Technology Center (Columbia Maryland) and the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (Laurel Maryland). He is currently an associate director of the Virginia Institute for Material Systems. He is a registered professional engineer in Virginia and is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the American Society for Composites. Zafer Gürdal:received his M.S. in mechanical and aerospace engineering from Illinois Institute of Technology in 1981 and his Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985. He worked as a research associate in the Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Department at Virginia Tech before joining the Engineering Science and Mechanics Department as an assistant professor in September 1985. Professor Gürdal's research interests include: composite structures failure mechanics of composites structural optimization and damage tolerant design. He is a member of the American Institute

Characteristics of both thermoplastic and thermoset composite materials as they pertain to marine vehicle applications are discussed. Comparison of various material selection factors such as strength, damage and moisture resistance, and flammability and toxicity as well as cost and availability of thermoset and thermoplastic composite materials are presented. Methods for testing and reducing the flammability and toxicity are discussed. Many commercially available composite systems are reported to provide favorable characteristics for marine applications. Although there seems to be a need for improved production technology for thermoplastics, they present potential advantages in physical properties over thermoset composites.

关键词： Composite Materials

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FIRE PROTECTIVE COATING SYSTEM FOR SHIPBOARD ELECTRICAL CABLES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第3期102卷 154-161页

作者： WARD, TA YKEMA, JI Thomas A. Ward:is manager of Fire Protective Materials Research for PPG Industries at their Coatings & Resins Group's Research & Development Center located in Springdale Pa. He received a B.S. degree in wood and polymer chemistry in 1972 from S. U.N.Y. College of Environmental Science and Forestry at Syracuse University. He worked as a research assistant at the S.U.N. Y. Polymer Research Center until 1975. He was a research chemist for Velsicol Corp. involved in the synthesis and process development of fire retardant chemicals for a variety of polymer materials. Since joining PPG in 1978 he has been involved in various coating development work most recently he has responsibility for developing fire protective intu-mescent coatings. John I. Ykema:is vice president and chief technical officer at SPD Technologies Philadelphia Pa. He has served in various capacities within SPD (formerly I-T-E) since 1955. He served for three years (1951–1954) with NavSea (formerly BuShips Code 560) engineering electrical power systems for aircraft carriers and cruisers. Mr. Ykema received his M.S. degree in electrical power systems engineering from IIT in 1955 after which he joined I-T-E Circuit Breaker Company in Philadelphia Pa. having various assignments on circuit breakers switch-gear relays transformers and rectifiers for both the commercial and the military market. He is currently responsible for providing technical oversight and the coordination of the technical efforts of SPD companies. Mr. Ykema is a member of ASNE ASTM IEEE and SNAME. He serves on the IEEE Marine Transportation Committee.

Fires aboard U.S. naval ships pose a threat not only to human life, but to ship survivability and combat readiness. The U.S. Navy recognized the need to upgrade and utilize state of the art fire fighting equipment, reduce the flammability of materials used on ships and to employ methods to control fire propagation. This paper focuses on the historical development of a method to control fire propagation from compartment to compartment via the ships electrical cable system. The jacket insulation material on the cables is plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC). These cables will ignite when exposed to a fire source and transport the fire along the cable runs. The Navy, being cognizant of the potential disasterous effects of electrical cable fires, implemented programs to assess the problem. Actual shipboard fire characteristics of cables were studied in conjunction with evaluating methods and materials to control ignition and flame spread. The development and testing of a fire protective intumescent coating to meet the Navy's requirements to control fire propagation along cableways on existing ships is delineated.

关键词： Electric Cables

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Neuromorphic Solution of Nonlinear Two Point Boundary Value Problems

Neuromorphic Solution of Nonlinear Two Point Boundary Value ...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： S. K. Biswas J. J. Helferty Department of Electrical Engineering Intelligent Systems Application Center Center for Advanced Computational Science Temple University Philadelphia PA USA

We present a general neuromorphic procedure for solving a class of dynamic programming problems, viz., Two-Point-Boundary-Value-Problems (TPBVP's). The method consists of transformation of the TPBVP to the problem of minimization of an error function over a field of scalars. This error function is then mapped into the energy function of the Tank-Hopfield neural network leading to the synaptic interconnection weights and input bias currents which are adapted to the TPBVP to be solved. The method is illustrated by two examples.

关键词： Neuromorphics Boundary value problems Neural networks Dynamic programming Minimization Neurons Control systems Optimal control Integrated circuit interconnections Computer networks

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Optimal regulation of flexible structures governed by hybrid dynamics

Optimal regulation of flexible structures governed by hybrid...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： S.K. Biswas Department of Electrical Engineering Intelligent Systems Application Center Center of Advanced Computational Science Temple University Philadelphia PA USA

The author considers the problem of optimal control of flexible structures governed by a coupled system of ordinary differential equations and hyperbolic partial differential equations (hybrid dynamics). He presents necessary conditions for determining the control torque and control forces for optimal regulation of the structure along with simultaneous suppression of its elastic vibrations. Illustrative numerical results for the control of a one-link flexible robot are presented.< >

关键词： Flexible structures Optimal control Partial differential equations Robots Differential equations Force control Torque control Satellites Structural beams Hybrid intelligent systems

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MPCS - THE MANUFACTURING process-CONTROL SYSTEM

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AT&T TECHNICAL JOURNAL 1986年第4期65卷 35-45页

作者： DUNIETZ, IS HSU, JLC MCEACHERN, MT STOCKING, JH SWARTZ, MA TROMBLY, RM The authors Irwin S. Dunietz John L.C. Hsu Michael T. McEachern James H. Stocking Mark A. Swartz andRodney M. Tromblyare responsible for design and development of the Manufacturing Process Control System. Mr. Dunietz joined AT&T in 1980. He is a member of the technical staff in the Manufacturing Information Automation department at AT&T Engineering Research Center Princeton New Jersey. He received an A.B. in mathematics from Cornell University and an M.S.E. in computer science from Princeton University. Mr. Hsu who joined AT&T in 1970 is a department head in the Manufacturing Information Automation department at the Engineering Research Center. He received an M.S. in electrical engineering from the University of Missouri. Mr. McEachern joined AT&T in 1962 and is a supervisor in the 5ESS™ Line Unit Manufacturing department at AT&T Technologies in Oklahoma City Oklahoma. He is responsible for the manufacturing process control center in Oklahoma City which provides computerized support for all circuit pack manufacturing. Mr. Stocking who joined AT&T in 1975 is a supervisor in the Manufacturing Information Automation department at the Engineering Research Center. He received a B.S. in chemical engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and a Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the University of California Berkeley. Mr. Swartz joined AT&T in 1980 and is a member of the technical staff in the Manufacturing Information Automation department at the Engineering Research Center. He received an A.B. in computer science from Cornell University and an M.S. in computer science from Rutgers—The State University. Mr. Trombly who joined AT&T in 19 78 is an assistant manager at the AT&T Merrimack Valley Works in Massachusetts. Previously he was a supervisor at the Engineering Research Center. He holds a B.S. in computers and systems engineering and an M.S.E.E. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

The central challenge of all manufacturing is making products to the right standards and delivering them at the right time. AT&T is upgrading its corporate and factory resource planning systems to improve control of day-to-day manufacturing. The Manufacturing process Control System (MPCS), developed at the AT&T engineering Research center (ERC), provides this support. MPCS connects the shop floor with production scheduling, accounting, product data archive, and engineering support systems.

关键词： PRODUCTION CONTROL

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SEAKEEPING BY DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 157-178页

作者： COMSTOCK, EN KEANE, RG Mr. Edward N. Comstock is currently Head of the Surface Ship Hydrodynamics Section (SEA 32132) of the Hull Form Design Performance and Stability Branch Naval Sea Systems Command. He received his B.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering in 1970 and his M.S. degree in Ship Hydrodynamics in 1974 both from the University of Michigan. Mr. Comstock began his professional career with the U.S. Navy in 1974 as a Seakeeping Specialist in the Hull Form and Fluid Dynamics Branch of the former Naval Ship Engineering Center being involved in improving the design of naval ships through the integration of R&D technology advances into the ship design process. His efforts prior to 1980 were mainly aimed at developing and establishing Seakeeping Performance Assessment and Design Practices. Other responsibilities have included numerous ship performance investigations in still water and in the sea environment in support of ship design and specific Fleet problems. Prior to his employment by the Navy he worked in the Structural and Hydrodynamic Groups of General Dynamics' Electric Boat Division. There his activities spanned the areas of Submarine structural and Hydrodynamic Design and Construction. A member of ASNE since 1978. he is also a member of ASE and SNAME and has been active in supporting the efforts of the SNAME H-7 (Seakeeping) Panel the National Science Foundation (NSF). and the NATO Naval Armaments Group 6/Sub-Group 5 (Seakeeping). Mr. Robert G. Keane Jr. is presently Head of the Hull Form Design. Performance and Stability Branch (SEA 3213). Ship Design and Integration Directorate (SEA 03). Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). He received his B.E.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from The Johns Hopkins University in 1962. his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Stevens Institute of Technology in 1967. and his M.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture from the University of Michigan in 1970. Additionally he has done graduate work in Management Science and Operations Research at The Johns Ho

“Seakeeping … is the ability of our ships to go to sea, and Successfully and safely execute their missions despite adverse environmental factors.” — VAdm. R.E. Adamson. USN In June 1975, VAdm. R.E. Adamson, USN, then Commander Naval Surface Forces, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, addressed the participants of the Seakeeping Workshop [1] and established what has come to be a most profound definition of seakeeping as it relates to the U.S. Navy. In those few words he identified the two major issues facing the operator today and provided the focus for all subsequent seakeeping efforts within the design community at the Naval Sea systems Command (NAVSEA). For it is these two hues of mission sum and safety at sea which are addressed within NAVSEA, for each new ship design and for ships in the Fleet, in terms of: SEAKEEPING PERFORMANCE — Ability to execute mission in a sea environment, and SEAWORTHINESS — Ability to survive in an extreme sea environment. In the past, the design of ships exhibiting superior seakeeping performance and seaworthiness and seaworthiness has been looked upon by many as an art or an academic exercise. The objective of this paper then is to demonstrate clearly that the ability of our ships to execute their missions successfully and safely in a sea environment is not by chance but by design.

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SHIP SYSTEM SEAKEEPING EVALUATION - STOCHASTIC APPROACH

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1979年第6期91卷 33-46页

作者： JOHNSON, RA CARACOSTAS, NP COMSTOCK, EN Mr. Robert A. Johnson is currently a Naval Architect in the Hull Group (SEA 32) Ship Design and Integration Directorate Naval Sea Systems Command. He received his Associate in Engineering degree in Drafting and Design Technology in 1959 his B.S. degree in Aerospace Engineering in 1965 and his M.S. degree in Engineering Mechanics in 1970 all from Pennsylvania State University. In 1973 he was selected for the Navy's Long-Term Training Program at the University of Michigan from which he received his M.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture in 1974. Mr. Johnson began his professional career at the Ordnance Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University in 1959 where he was involved in the design of hydroelastic submarine models and conducted research in the area of flow-induced structural vibrations. Subsequently he joined HRB-Singer at State College Pennsylvania in 1967 as a Research Engineer and in 1969 joined the former Naval Ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC) where he was employed in the Submarine Structures Branch Surface Ship Structures Branch and the Performance and Stability Branch of the Hull Division. Currently he is the CASDAC Hull System Technical Director and also Head of the Surface Ship Hydrodynamics Section (SEA 32133) Naval Architecture Division Naval Sea Systems Command a member of ASE SNAME and Tau Beta Pi and one of the Navy Subcommittee Members of the Ship Structures Committee. Mr. Nicholas P. Casacostas is currently a Section Chief for Naval Architecture in the Washington D.C. office of M. Rosenblatt & Son Inc. His professional career has been in both Navy and commercially related fields and he has had published several technical papers dealing with the subjects of Ship Propulsion and Hydrodynamics as well as Shipping Economics and Operations. A member of ASNE since 1977 he also is a member of the Royal Institute of Naval Architects and SNAME and presently serving on the latter's H-2 (Resistance and Propulsion) Panel. Mr. Edward N. Comstock is currently a Seakeeping Speciali

The recent trend in Naval Forces has been a shrinking Fleet in both numbers and ship size. This dictates that our ships must have greater operational effectiveness if the Navy is to continue to carry out its mission in the future as it has done in the past. The seakeeping performance of a ship is a major determinant of its overall operational effectiveness. The methodology presented in this paper is a comprehensive approach to the evaluation of a ship's seakeeping performance. The scope of this methodology encompasses the assessment of ship mission scenarios and the relative importance of associated mission requirements as well as the probabilistic description of the uncertainties imposed by the variable ocean environment. The methodology is presented in a general sense so that the seakeeping performance of a ship's configuration can be evaluated as a function of mission scenario, mission area, sea state, ship heading, and speed. In order to utilize the full potential of the methodology, more refined scenario descriptions and more accurate environment specifications must be obtained. A simplified example is presented in which a comparison of the operational effectiveness of two small hull forms is made, using information now available to the designer. It is anticipated that the methodology presented can be used not only as a powerful tool in the decision-making process of practical ship design, but also as the basis for parametric studies of mission strategies.

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Nodal variables for complete conforming finite elements of arbitrary polynomial order

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Computers and Mathematics with Applications 1978年第2期4卷 85-112页

作者： Katz, I.Norman Peano, Alberto G. Rossow, Mark P. Department of Systems Science and Mathematics Washington University St. Louis MO United States Center for Computational Structural Mechanics Polytechnic University of Milan Italy Department of Civil Engineering Washington University St. Louis MO United States

Nodal variables are given for a new family of complete conforming triangular finite elements of arbitrary polynomial order p for use in linear stress analysis. This family has two important properties: (1) hierarchic property, i.e. the elemental stiffness matrix corresponding to an approximation of order p is a submatrix of the elemental stiffness matrix corresponding to an approximation of order p + 1;(2) the family enforces exactly the degree of smoothness across interelement boundaries which is required by the problem (C⁰ continuity for plane elasticity, C¹ continuity for plate bending) even at vertices. It is shown how to use precomputed arrays in an efficient manner in calculating elemental stiffness matrices. Results from a numerical example in plane stress analysis are presented. These results demonstrate the efficiency of a p-convergence procedure which uses the new family of finite elements. © 1978.

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Advances in Neural Networks - ISNN 2006 1

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丛书名： Lecture Notes in Computer science

1000年

作者： Jun Wang Zhang Yi Jacek M. Zurada Bao-Liang Lu Hujun Yin

ISBN: (数字)9783540344407

ISBN: (纸本)9783540344391

This book and its sister volumes constitute the Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Neural Networks (ISNN 2006) held in Chengdu in southwestern China during May 28–31, 2006. After a successful ISNN 2004 in Dalian and ISNN 2005 in Chongqing, ISNN became a well-established series of conferences on neural computation in the region with growing popularity and improving quality. ISNN 2006 received 2472 submissions from authors in 43 countries and regions (mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, India, Pakistan, Iran, Qatar, Turkey, Greece, Romania, Lithuania, Slovakia, Poland, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Demark, Germany, France, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Netherlands, UK, Ireland, Canada, USA, Mexico, Cuba, Venezuela, Brazil, Chile, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Nigeria, and Tunisia) across six continents (Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Africa, and Oceania). Based on rigorous reviews, 616 high-quality papers were selected for publication in the proceedings with the acceptance rate being less than 25%. The papers are organized in 27 cohesive sections covering all major topics of neural network research and development. In addition to the numerous contributed papers, ten distinguished scholars gave plenary speeches (Robert J. Marks II, Erkki Oja, Marios M. Polycarpou, Donald C. Wunsch II, Zongben Xu, and Bo Zhang) and tutorials (Walter J. Freeman, Derong Liu, Paul J. Werbos, and Jacek M. Zurada).

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Computation by Abstract Devices Computer Communication Networks Algorithm Analysis and Problem Complexity Discrete Mathematics in Computer science Pattern Recognition

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Advances in Neural Networks - ISNN 2006 1

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丛书名： Lecture Notes in Computer science

1000年

作者： Jun Wang Zhang Yi Jacek M. Zurada Bao-Liang Lu Hujun Yin

ISBN: (数字)9783540344834

ISBN: (纸本)9783540344827

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