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GPS: graph contrastive learning via multi-scale augmented views from adversarial pooling

science China(Information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 145-158页

作者： Wei JU Yiyang GU Zhengyang MAO Ziyue QIAO Yifang QIN Xiao LUO Hui XIONG Ming ZHANG School of Computer Science National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information ProcessingPeking University Artificial Intelligence Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science University of California

Self-supervised graph representation learning has recently shown considerable promise in a range of fields, including bioinformatics and social networks. A large number of graph contrastive learning approaches have shown promising performance for representation learning on graphs, which train models by maximizing agreement between original graphs and their augmented views(i.e., positive views). Unfortunately, these methods usually involve pre-defined augmentation strategies based on the knowledge of human experts. Moreover, these strategies may fail to generate challenging positive views to provide sufficient supervision signals. In this paper, we present a novel approach named graph pooling contrast(GPS) to address these *** by the fact that graph pooling can adaptively coarsen the graph with the removal of redundancy, we rethink graph pooling and leverage it to automatically generate multi-scale positive views with varying emphasis on providing challenging positives and preserving semantics, i.e., strongly-augmented view and weakly-augmented view. Then, we incorporate both views into a joint contrastive learning framework with similarity learning and consistency learning, where our pooling module is adversarially trained with respect to the encoder for adversarial robustness. Experiments on twelve datasets on both graph classification and transfer learning tasks verify the superiority of the proposed method over its counterparts.

关键词： graph representation learning graph neural networks graph contrastive learning graph augmentations graph pooling

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TBIA-DBNet: A Two-Branch Image-Adaptive DBNet for Scene Text Detection in Real-World Foggy Scenes 27th

TBIA-DBNet: A Two-Branch Image-Adaptive DBNet for Scene Tex...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Liu, Zhaoxi Zhou, Gang He, Runlin Zhang, Mengnan Jia, Zhenhong Ma, Jing Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Department of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781186

Though deep learning-based scene text detection methods have achieved promising results on conventional datasets, these methods are unable to maintain optimal performance in adverse weather conditions, such as foggy weather. To alleviate this problem, we propose a Two-Branch Image-Adaptive DBNet (TBIA-DBNet) framework. Specifically, to avoid missing discriminable features from the original image in one branch, we design an Image Enhancement Network (IENet) in another branch. Additionally, we design a Fusion Module based on Coordinate Attention (FMCA) to fully integrate original and enhanced features. Experimental results demonstrate that TBIA-DBNet significantly enhances scene text detection performance in foggy weather. Notably, it improves detection accuracy by nearly 10% in real-world foggy weather conditions compared to existing methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Deep learning

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Deformable Multi-Scale Network for Snow Removal in Video 27th

Deformable Multi-Scale Network for Snow Removal in Video

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： He, Runlin Zhou, Gang Xue, Tianhao Liu, Zhaoxi Jia, Zhenhong Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Department of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781247

Snowfall severely degrades outdoor video visibility while reducing the performance of subsequent vision tasks. Although video recovery methods based on deep learning have achieved amazing accomplishments, video snow removal still faces problems such as varying scales and intricate trajectories of snowflakes, which makes it difficult to remove snowflakes and easy to create artifacts on moving objects. To address these issues, we propose a deformable multi-scale video desnowing network. Specifically, we design a multi-scale pseudo-3D residual block(MSRB-P3D) that can effectively remove snowflakes of different scales. Furthermore, a deformable large kernel attention 3Dblock(D-LKA 3Dblock) is introduced to capture the inter-frame dynamic information and reduce the artifacts. Due to the scarcity of dataset, we proposed a new dataset named Synthetic and Real Snowy Video Dataset(SRSVD). Extensive experiments have proven that our proposed method not only outperforms other state-of-the-art methods on both synthetic and real snowy videos, but also effectively improves performance on subsequent vision task. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Snow

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Weakly-Supervised Graph Classification with Even a Single Key Subgraph Per Class 24

Weakly-Supervised Graph Classification with Even a Single Ke...

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24th IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, ICDM 2024

作者： Zhang, Lu Zhang, Chenbo Guan, Jihong Zhou, Shuigeng School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing China Tongji University Department of Computer Science & Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506681

Traditional graph classification requires large amounts of labeled data, which is expensive and time-consuming to acquire, especially in some special scenarios that domain knowledge is indispensable for labeling graphs. Observing that some key subgraphs can determine the properties of graphs (e.g. the toxicity of drug molecules depend on some toxic functional groups), in this paper we explore to classify graphs using unlabeled graphs plus a small number of key subgraphs for each class, which is called weakly-supervised graph classification. To this end, we develop the WeGraph method, where the graph classifier is trained with subgraph-based self-supervised learning and divergence- minimization based fine-tuning. Moreover, we design a key subgraph extraction algorithm to iteratively extract and update the key subgraphs, which makes the training process a closed loop. We conduct extensive experiments on different types of graph datasets to evaluate the effectiveness of WeGraph. Experimental results show that WeGraph can achieve high performance even when only one key subgraph is provided for each class. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Few-Shot Object Detection Based on the Transformer and High-Resolution Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3439-3454页

作者： Dengyong Zhang Huaijian Pu Feng Li Xiangling Ding Victor S.Sheng Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Processing of Big Data on Transportation Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan411004China Department of Computer Science Texas Tech UniversityLubbock79409TXUSA

Now object detection based on deep learning tries different *** uses fewer data training networks to achieve the effect of large dataset ***,the existing methods usually do not achieve the balance between network parameters and training *** makes the information provided by a small amount of picture data insufficient to optimize model parameters,resulting in unsatisfactory detection *** improve the accuracy of few shot object detection,this paper proposes a network based on the transformer and high-resolution feature extraction(THR).High-resolution feature extractionmaintains the resolution representation of the *** and spatial attention are used to make the network focus on features that are more useful to the *** addition,the recently popular transformer is used to fuse the features of the existing *** compensates for the previous network failure by making full use of existing object *** on the Pascal VOC and MS-COCO datasets prove that the THR network has achieved better results than previous mainstream few shot object detection.

关键词： Object detection few shot object detection transformer high-resolution

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Improving Speaker Verification Back-End with Graph Neural Networks

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (science) 2025年 1-9页

作者： Chen, Jinfeng Fang, Zhihua He, Liang School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi830017 China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Urumqi830017 China School of Intelligence Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi830017 China Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Currently, research on speaker verification tasks is primarily concentrated on enhancing deep speaker models to extract high-quality speaker embeddings. Nevertheless, this speaker embeddings can be regarded as potential graph structures. Therefore, this paper introduces a graph neural network-based speaker verification back-end approach, treating the speaker embeddings derived from the front-end as graph structures and leveraging graph neural networks to uncover the relationships among embeddings, thereby achieving superior-quality speaker embeddings. In addition, we propose a group updating method to solve the problem of memory overflow when the number of nodes is excessive. Extensive experiments and ablation studies were carried out on the VoxCeleb dataset, and the experimental outcomes validate the effectiveness of our proposed graph neural network speaker back-end in significantly boosting the performance of speaker verification systems. (Figure presented.) © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2025.

关键词： Graph embeddings

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Anomalous Sound Detection Using Time-Frequency Feature and Mixbatch

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (science) 2025年 1-8页

作者： Huang, Shun Zhang, Yunxiang Fang, Zhihua Tang, Minrui Xu, Ruifeng He, Liang School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi830017 China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Urumqi830017 China School of Intelligence Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi830017 China Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

The sound emitted by machines under abnormal working conditions exhibits various frequency patterns. Currently, the most advanced anomalous sound detection (ASD) approach is to apply a multi-head self-attention mechanism to the Log-Mel spectrogram for automatic frequency pattern analysis. However, the Log-Mel spectrogram may filter out high-frequency components of abnormal sounds;thus the use of self-attention mechanisms on Log-Mel spectrogram seems to have certain limitations. In this paper, we construct a simple convolutional neural network to extract comprehensive frequency features from raw audio to complement spectral-temporal information fusion. The parameters of this neural network are continuously updated during the training process to extract better frequency features for downstream classification neural networks in ASD. Additionally, a method for data augmentation in the batch dimension was developed to help the classification model learn both types of comprehensive features simultaneously. The proposed method achieved an AUC of 94.13% and a pAUC of 89.09% on the DCASE 2020 Challenge Task 2 dataset. Even when using only the features proposed in this paper, an AUC of 84.62% was achieved. (Figure presented.). © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2025.

关键词： Spectrographs

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Dual-Path Spectrogram Refinement Network for Robust Speaker Verification

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (science) 2025年 1-9页

作者： Wang, Zonghui Fang, Zhihua He, Liang School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi830017 China School of Intelligence Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi830017 China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Urumqi830017 China Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

The accuracy and reliability of automatic speaker verification (ASV) face significant challenges in noisy environments. In recent years, joint training of speech enhancement front-end and ASV back-end has been widely applied to improve the robustness of ASV systems. Traditional joint training directly uses the enhanced speech features as the input of the back-end. However, the diversity of noise types and noise intensities will excessively suppress the enhanced features, resulting in speech distortion or residual noise. To alleviate this problem, we propose a dual-path spectrogram refinement network that enables the enhanced features to learn supplementary information from the separated noise features. In addition, we incorporate coordinate attention into the overall joint architecture to capture more comprehensive frequency and temporal information of the speaker from different spatial positions. We conduct extensive experiments on the VoxCeleb1 test set, the out-of-domain noise test set, and the VOiCES corpus. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method significantly improves the accuracy and robustness of speaker verification systems in both clean and noisy environments. (Figure presented.) © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2025.

关键词： Spectrographs

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Improving ECAPA-TDNN Performance with Coordinate Attention

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (science) 2024年 1-7页

作者： Liu, Shuanghong Song, Zhida He, Liang School of Computer Science and Technology Xinjiang University Urumqi830017 China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Signal Detection and Processing Urumqi830017 China Department of Electronic Engineering and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

The current mainstream networks, such as squeeze and excitation residual neural network (SE-ResNet) and emphasized channel attention, propagation and aggregation based time delay neural network (ECAPA-TDNN), enhance the capability of speaker embedding extractors to extract more discriminative speaker embeddings by incorporating squeeze and excitation (SE) attention within the convolutional blocks. However, the SE attention focuses solely on encoding inter-channel information, overlooking the importance of spatial positional information and time-frequency information, which are crucial for the model’s performance. In this paper, we first experimentally compare the effectiveness of several mainstream attention mechanisms in the computer vision domain for the ECAPA-TDNN model. Next, we focus on the substantial improvements that coordinate attention (CA) brings to the ECAPA-TDNN model. The introduction of CA can help the model embed time-frequency information into the channel representation. Even without using AS-Norm, our proposed model achieves relative reductions of about 5.3% equal error rate (EER) and 5.5% minimum detection cost function (minDCF) on both the Voxceleb-O and Voxceleb-H test sets compared to the ECAPA-TDNN baseline model. In addition, the EER is relatively reduced by 9.46% on the CN-Celeb1 test set. This result strongly demonstrates that the CA module can effectively improve the generalization ability of the ECAPA-TDNN model. © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2024.

关键词： Neural network models

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Blockchain-Based Framework for Stock Market Operations: IPOs, Trading, and Dividend Distribution 15

Blockchain-Based Framework for Stock Market Operations: IPOs...

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15th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing technology and science, CloudCom 2024

作者： Sharshar, Muhammad Elzeky, Kareem Othman, Menna Khaled, SeifAldin Moubarak, Hosam Gomaa, Walid Department of Computer Science United Arab Emirates Mbzuai Department of Natural Language Processing United Arab Emirates Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology Cyber-Physical Lab Department of Computer Engineering Egypt Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology Accounting Department Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507589

This study examines blockchain technology's potential to enhance the stock market by offering a decentralized alternative to the traditional system. The study explores the challenges of the current traditional stock market, such as long settlement times, weak transparency, dependency on centralized clearing houses, and heightened fees. The proposed novel system leverages blockchain technology to create a fully decentralized stock market encompassing all fundamental operations from Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) to stock trading and extending to distributing profits or dividends. It connects all market participants through an Ethereum consortium blockchain fuelled by smart contracts. This approach replaces traditional intermediaries like brokers with automated regulations, ensuring more rapid transaction settlements, reduced operational errors and fees, and strengthened security measures. The proposed blockchain-based system, consisting of four smart contracts for IPO, stock exchange, dividend distribution, and participant management, demonstrates remarkable performance, showing promise in efficiently handling the current load of the largest stock markets like the London Stock Exchange (LSE). Through theoretical and practical testing, the system achieved a remarkable throughput of 120 transactions per second and latency or finality of just 4 seconds, underscoring its capability to significantly enhance the efficiency of stock market operations. The implementation code is available via GitHub upon request. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Decentralized finance

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