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IEEE International Conference on Image processing

作者： V.I. Pavlovic G.A. Berry T.S. Huang Image Formation and Processing Group Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA

Human-computer intelligent interaction (HCII) in virtual environments is a rapidly developing field. Natural human communication is multi-modal, however, most modern computer interfaces rely exclusively on one mode of interaction. We employ a novel approach to integrating multiple modes of human-computer communication. By using auditory and visual features at different levels of integration we explore optimal ways of combining these modalities.

关键词： Virtual environment Automatic speech recognition Humans Virtual reality Speech processing Robustness Auditory displays Psychology Mice Sensor fusion

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A multiprocessor scheduling heuristic for functional parallelism and its performance measure

A multiprocessor scheduling heuristic for functional paralle...

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International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)

作者： D. Li A. Mizuno Y. Iwahori N. Ishii Educational Center of Information Processing Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan Department of Intelligence and Computer Science Nagoya Institute of Technology Nagoya Japan Nagoya Kogyo Daigaku Nagoya Aichi JP

This paper addresses the following scheduling problem: given a precedence graph with communication costs and a machine architecture with different types of processors, construct a schedule that runs on the given architecture at the minimum possible execution time. The main contributions are: Firstly, we present a static scheduling algorithm that keeps processors idle for future important tasks and fills idle time slots incurred due to interprocessor communication. Secondly, to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, we develop a lower bound on the length of a optimal schedule as a yardstick. Experiments show that this new approach produces better schedules and takes much less compile time.

关键词： Processor scheduling Optimal scheduling Parallel processing Scheduling algorithm Costs Information processing Machine intelligence computer science computer architecture Concurrent computing

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Some hypermedia ideas for the WWW

Some hypermedia ideas for the WWW

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Annual Hawaii International Conference on System sciences (HICSS)

作者： M. Bieber F. Vitali H. Ashman V. Balasubramanian H. Oinas-Kukkonen Institute for Integrated Systems Research NJ Center for Multimedia Research and NatE28099l Center for Transportation & Industrial Productivity New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA Department of Computer Science University of Bologna Bologna Italy Information Technology Division Defence Science and Technology Organisation Salisbury SA Australia Rutgers University Newark NJ USA Dept of Info. Processing Science University of oulu Oulu Finland

World Wide Web (WWW) authors must cope in a hypermedia environment analogous to second-generation computing languages, building and managing all hypermedia links using simple anchors and single-step navigation. We present a set of third- and fourth-generation hypermedia functionalities, which WWW developers should consider. We ground our discussion in the hypermedia research literature, and illustrate both from existing implementations and a running scenario. We also give some direction for implementing these on the WWW.

关键词： World Wide Web Web sites Navigation Programming profession Multimedia systems Transportation computer industry Productivity computer science Information technology

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Performance of the H.263 Video Compression Standard

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Journal of VLSI Signal processing Systems for Signal, Image, and Video technology 1997年第2-3期17卷 101-111页

作者： Girod, Bernd Steinbach, Eckehard Färber, Nikolaus Telecommunications Institute University of Erlangen-Nuremberg 91058 Erlangen Cauerstrasse 7 Germany Georgia Institute of Technology United States University of Hannover Germany Inst. F. Theor. N. University of Hannover Germany Massachussetts Inst. of Technology Cambridge MA United States Research Laboratory of Electronics United States Department of Media Technology Media Laboratory Germany Department of Computer Graphics Germany Academy of Media Arts Cologne Germany Computer Science Section Cologne University Germany Digital Signal Processing Group Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Dept. of Elec. Eng./Telecom. University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Telecommunications Institute Germany Vivo Software Inc. Waltham MA United States University of Karlsruhe Germany University of Essex United Kingdom ESIEE Paris France Image Communication Group Telecommunications Institute University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany University of Munich Germany Telecommunications Institute University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Image Communication Group

The draft international standard ITU-T H.263 is closely related to the well known and widely used ITU-T Recommendation H.261. However, H.263 does provide the same subjective image quality at less than half the bit-rate. In this paper we investigate to what extend single enhancements of H.263 contribute to this performance gain, and consider the trade-off quality vs. complexity. Based on typical test sequences, H.263 with its various modes is compared to H.261 on the basis of rate distortion curves at bit-rates up to 128 kbps. At 64 kbps, the performance gain of H.263 in its default mode compared to H.261 is approximately 2 dB. This improvement is achieved with only little increase of complexity, and is mainly due to more accurate motion compensation with half-pel accuracy. Considering the trade-off quality vs. complexity, the combination of the optional coding-modes "Advanced prediction mode" and "PB-frames mode" is a good compromise, resulting in an additional performance gain of 1.5 dB PSNR at 64 kbps. The "Syntax-based arithmetic coding mode" on the other hand, offers only a very small performance gain (0.1 dB at 64 kbps) for its increased computational complexity. Results from profiling an H.263 software codec are presented in order to support complexity considerations of the optional coding-modes.

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Automatic detection of burn-through in GMA welding using a parametric model

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MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL processing 1996年第5期10卷 633-651页

作者： Adolfsson, S Ericson, K Grennberg, A Department of Signal Processing University of Karlskrona/Ronneby Division of Signal Processing Luleå University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Division of Signal Processing Luleå University of Technology

This paper addresses the problem of automatic detection of burn-through in weld joints. Gas metal are (GMA) welding with pulsed current is used, and welding voltage and current are recorded. As short-circuitings are common between the welding electrode and the work piece during burn-through, a short-circuit detector is developed to detect these events. To detect another specific characteristic of burn-through-a broadband long-lasting voltage component-this detector is combined with a square-law detector. This second detector is based on a non-linear modification of an autoregressive model with extra input (ARX-model) of the welding process. The results obtained from this compound detector indicate that it is possible to detect burn-through in the welds automatically. The work also indicates that it is possible to design an on-line monitoring system for robotic GMA welding. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited

关键词： Carbon dioxide arc welding

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A method for C-2 piecewise quartic polynomial interpolation

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION AND SYSTEMS 1996年第5期E79D卷 584-590页

作者： Zhang, CM Agui, T Nagahashi, H Department of Computer Science Shandong University Jinan China Department of Information Processing Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama-shi 226 Japan

A new global method for constructing a C-2 piecewise quartic polynomial curve is presented. The coefficient matrix of equations which must be solved to construct the curve is tridiagonal. The joining points of adjacent curve segments are the given data points. The constructed curve reproduces exactly a polynomial of degree four or less. The results of experiments to test the efficiency of the new method are also shown.

关键词： computer-aided design quartic polynomial spline C-2 interpolation

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Virtual musical instruments - natural sound using physical models

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Organised Sound 1996年第2期1卷 75-75页

作者： Valimaki, Vesa Takala, Tapio Helsinki University of Technology Laboratory of Acoustics and Audio Signal Processing Otakaari 5A FIN-02150 Espoo Finland Helsinki University of Technology Department of Computer Science Otakaari 1 FIN-02150 Espoo Finland

Physical modelling of musical instruments is an exciting new paradigm in digital sound synthesis. The basic idea is to imitate the sound production mechanism of an acoustic musical instrument using a computer program. The sound produced by such a model will automatically resemble that of the real instrument, if the model has been devised in a proper way. In this article we review the history and present techniques of physical modelling. It appears that the many seemingly very different modelling methods try to achieve the same result: to simulate the solutions of the wave equation in a simplified manner. We concentrate on the digital waveguide modelling technique which has gained much popularity among both researchers and engineers in the music technology industry. The benefits and drawbacks of the new technology are considered, and concurrent research topics are discussed. The physical modelling approach offers many new applications, especially in the fields of multimedia and virtual reality. © 1996, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.

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Parallel programming with CAPSE-a case study

Parallel programming with CAPSE-a case study

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Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and Distributed processing

作者： B. Gruber G. Haring D. Kranzlmuller J. Volkert Institute of Applied Computer Science and Information Systems Department of Advanced Computer Engineering University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Computer Science Department for Graphics and Parallel Processing Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria

The CAPSE environment for computer Aided Parallel Software Engineering is intended to assist the developer in the crucial task of parallel programming. The methodology of CAPSE is based on direct manipulative graphical creation and editing of scalable workload characterizations of MIMD algorithms. This paper presents the basic concepts of this methodology and an example of a parallel Poisson solver. The workload characterization representing the computation and communication behavior of the algorithm is based on directed acyclic task graphs, which achieve scalability by composing the task graph of scalable basic patterns instead of single node and arcs. The composition and the usage of these basic patterns is described in the light of designing the Poisson solver algorithm. The resulting task graph is used to predict the program's performance on a nCUBE 2 distributed memory machine and the PAPS simulator.

关键词： Parallel programming computer aided software engineering Concurrent computing computer science Information systems Scalability Distributed computing computer graphics Parallel processing Algorithm design and analysis

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A method for structural testing of Ada concurrent programs using the Event Interactions Graph

A method for structural testing of Ada concurrent programs u...

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Asia-Pacific Conference on Software Engineering

作者： T. Katayama Z. Furukawa K. Ushijima Graduate School of Information Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Japan Educational Center for Information Processing Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

Software testing generally proceeds as follows: generating test-cases, selecting test-data, executing a test target program, inspecting execution result and evaluating whether testing has already been sufficient or not yet. As for methods for structural testing of programs, the way using a coverage, where the coverage means what extent given testing criteria are satisfied, is noted. At the evaluating step, whether or not we finish the testing is determined in view of the coverage. This paper proposes a method for structural testing of concurrent programs written in Ada programming language, especially, test-case generation and execution of the programs. The Event InterActions Graph (EIAG) is used as a model for concurrent programs. The EIAG consists of Event Graphs and Interactions. An Event Graph is a control flow graph of a program unit in a concurrent program. The Interactions represent interactions between the program units. Program units are such as procedures, functions and task-types. After generating test-cases on the EIAG, a method for selecting test-data is described and measures to cope with infeasible test-cases with which are generated in this step is clarified. And a forced execution of a test target concurrent program in order to solve the nondeterministic execution is investigated. The nondeterministic execution is characteristic of concurrent programs.

关键词： Software testing computer languages computer science Information science Information processing Flow graphs

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A progress report on subliminal-free channels 1st

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1st International Workshop on Information Hiding, 1996

作者： Burmester, Mike Desraedt, Yvo G. Itoh, Toshiya Sakurai, Kouichi Shizuya, Hiroki Yung, Moti Department of Mathematics Royal Holloway - University of London Egham Surrey TW20 OEX United Kingdom Department of EE and CS University of Wisconsin MilwaukeeWIP.O. Box 784 United States Department of Information Processing Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Midori-ku Yokohama 226 Japan Department of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Kyushu University 6-10-1 Hakozaki Higashi-kuFukuoka812-81 Japan Education Centre for Information Processing Tohoku University Kawauchi AobakuSendai980-77 Japan IBM T.J. Watson Research Centre Yorktown Hights NY10598 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783540619963

Subliminal channels are closely related to covert channelsand are used to hide secret information. They abuse the communications resource. Subliminal channels can be introduced in many cryptographicsystems, and exploit the inherent randomness of the systems. For example, secret information can be hidden in the randomness of the authenticators of an authentication system. Similarly secret information can be hidden in the randomness (of the prover or verifier) of both zeroknowledge proof systems and signature systems. To establish a subliminal channel the cryptosystem is abused, that is, used in a different way and for a different purpose than intended by its designer. A particularly obnoxious type of subliminal channel may be activated by abortive halting. For state-of-the-art security, it may be desirable to detect, and if possible prevent, subliminal channels. In this paper we address the problem of whether it is possible to develop (and if so, how) appropriate techniquesfor detecting or preventing the use of such channels. Several such techniques have already been proposed in the literature, and are suitable for many systems. We review these. We also consider recent developments, in particular with regards to the formal security requirements and their impact on research. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1996.

关键词： Authentication

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