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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ranganath, Anupama Sargur Baji, Avinash Fortunato, Giuseppino Rossi, René M. Pillar of Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore487372 Singapore Manufacturing Engineering LA TROBE University MelbourneVIC3086 Australia Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles St. GallenCH-9014 Switzerland

Wearing comfort of apparel is highly dependent on moisture management and the respective transport properties of the textiles. In today's used textiles, water vapor transmission (WVT) depends primarily on the porosity and the wettability of the clothing layer next to the skin and is not adapting or responsive to environmental conditions. The WVT is inevitably the same from both sides of the membrane. We propose a novel approach in this study by developing a thermoresponsive Janus membrane using electrospinning procedures. We targeted a membrane as a bilayer composite structure using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as one layer and a blend of PVDF and thermoresponsive poly-n-isopropyl acrylamide (PNIPAM) as the second layer changing wettability properties in the range of physiological temperatures. Tailored electrospinning conditions led to a self-standing membrane incorporating fiber diameters of 400nm and porosities of 50% for both layers within the Janus membrane. The WVT studies revealed that the combined effects of the Janus membrane's directional wettability and the temperature-responsive property results in temperature-dependent vapor transport. The results show that the membrane offers minimum resistance to WVT when the PVDF side faces the skin, which depicts the side with high humidity over a range of temperatures. However, the same membrane shows a temperature-dependent WVT behavior when the blend side faces the skin. From a room temperature of 25 °C to an elevated temperature of 35 °C, there is a significant increase in the membrane's resistance to WVT. This behavior is attributed to the combined effect of the Janus construct and the thermoresponsive property. This temperature-controlled differential vapor transport offers ways to adapt vapor transport independence of environmental conditions leading to enhanced wearing comfort and performance to be applied in fields such as apparel or the packaging industry. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserv

关键词： Wetting

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Simulation and Experiment of Windage Power Loss of A Shrouded Spiral Bevel Gears under Oil Injection Lubrication

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2025年第2期 413-432页

作者： Bo Li Kai Rong Xuyang Zhang Sanmin Wang U-Xuan Tan Xuanyuan Su Laifa Tao School of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Department of Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang University National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Reliability and Environmental Engineering School of Reliability and Systems Engineering Beihang University

During high-speed rotation, the surface of aeronautic spiral bevel gears will generate significant pressure and viscous forces, which will cause a certain amount of windage power loss and reduce the efficiency of the transmission system. Based on the computational fluid dynamics, this paper analyzes the windage power loss of a single spiral bevel gear and a spiral bevel gear pair under oil injection lubrication. In addition, the shroud is used to suppress gear windage loss, and the clearance size and opening angle of the designed shroud are optimized. Finally, by comparing and analyzing the experimental results, the following conclusions were obtained:(1) For a single gear, the speed is the most important factor affecting windage loss, followed by the hand of spiral, and rotation direction;(2) For gear pairs, under oil injection lubrication, the input speed has the greatest impact on windage power loss, followed by the influence of oil injection port speed, temperature and oil injection port pressure;(3) Installing a shroud is an effective method to reduce windage power loss;(4) In the pure air phase, the smaller the clearance between the shroud and the gear surface, and the smaller the radial direction between the shroud and the shaft, the better the effect of reducing windage;(5) In the two-phase flow of oil and gas, it is necessary to design oil drainage holes on the shroud to ensure the smooth discharge of lubricating oil and improve the drag reduction effect.

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Thermal Error Prediction for Electrical Spindles Based on GA-GRNN

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Yuan Liu, Xiao Dai, Ye Zhan, ShiQiang Wang, JianHui Wang, ZiJian Wan, ShiMing School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Intelligent Technology Ministry of Education Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin150080 China Institute of Digital Design and Automatic Machinery Product Development Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin150080 China Beijing Institute of Technology China

A significant way to increase the spindle's machining precision is by real-time compensation of thermal error in machine coordinates. The accuracy and versatility of the thermal error prediction model, which serves as the foundation for compensation, are very crucial. This paper aims to increase the accuracy of the thermal error prediction model by first calculating and analyzing the thermal characteristics of the electrical spindle, and then using the finite element method to obtain the distribution law of the temperature field of the electrical spindle;the number of temperature measurement points is optimized to three in order to reduce redundancy in the thermal error modeling data;finally, the hybrid algorithm thermal error prediction model is created with the temperature data of the electrical spindle as the input variable and the thermal error data as the output variable. The hybrid algorithm prediction model offers a new reference technique for the study of thermal error compensation of electrical spindles and has the advantages of high accuracy, high speed, and good generalization ability when compared to the radial basis function neural network algorithm. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Temperature measurement

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UBE2I stimulates female gonadal differentiation in chicken(Gallus gallus)embryos

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第11期20卷 2986-2994页

作者： JIN Kai ZHOU Jing ZUO Qi-sheng LI Jian-cheng Jiuzhou SONG ZHANG Ya-ni CHANG Guo-bing CHEN Guo-hong LI Bi-chun Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Animal&Avian Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20741USA

Without known analogous sex-determining factors like SRY(sex determining region Y)in mammals,the chicken(Gallus gallus)sex determination mechanism still remains unclear,which highly restricts the biological research on chicken development and poultry single-sex *** we not only characterized a new female-biased gene UBE2I and identified the expression pattern by qRT-PCR,but also described the functional role of UBE2I in the gonadal development of chicken *** showed that UBE2I exhibited a female-biased expression pattern in the early stage of PGCs(primordial germ cells)in embryonic gonads and robust expression in ovaries of newborn *** importantly,we successfully developed an effective method to interfere or overexpress UBE2I in chicken embryos through the intravascular *** qRT-PCR analysis showed that the sex-related genes(FOXL2,CYP19A1 and HINTW)in females were upregulated(P<0.05)under the overexpression of UBE2I and the sex-related genes(SOX9,DMRT1 and WT1)in females were downregulated(P<0.05)after interfering ***,the change of UBE2I expression was associated with the level of estradiol and its receptors(AR and ESR),which suggests that UBE2I is necessary to initiate the female-specific development in *** conclusion,this work demonstrates that UBE2I is a crucial sex differentiation-related gene in the embryonic development of chickens,which provides insights for further understanding the mechanism of sex determination in chickens.

关键词： UBE2I gonadal differentiation chicken embryonic sex differentiation

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Customized product development supported by integrated information

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Journal of Industrial Information Integration 2022年 25卷

作者： Varl, Mitja Duhovnik, Jože Tavčar, Jože Kolektor ETRA d.o.o. Šlandrova 10 SI-1000 Ljubljana Slovenia University of Ljubljana Faculty of Mechanical Engineering LECAD - Engineering Design and Supercomputing Laboratory LjubljanaSI-1000 Slovenia Lund University Faculty of engineering - LTH Design Science Product development Sölvegatan 26 SE-221 00 Lund Sweden

Information systems are key enablers for the integration and reliable management of the product development process. Fast, robust, and cost-efficient product adaptation is especially important in one-of-a-kind production. This paper presents an implementation of information supported tools of the product development (PD) design process for large power transformers. One-of-a-kind production is specific, as each product must be customized, wherefore a robust design process well supported by information technologies (IT) plays a key role in creating a digital twin and the product's final value. Goal of this research was to develop the product information model and smart supporting tools for customization and integrate them into the design process. Based on a systematic analysis of the sample company, this paper proposes a model for the complete renewal of information systems and of working methodology, where reorganization is demonstrated in an increase of overall effectiveness. The results clearly show a considerable drop in engineering changes, increased productivity and improved business competitiveness. The proposed framework is generalized, which makes it directly applicable in similar business environments and thus helpful for establishing the best-practice guidelines for promoting competitiveness in one-of-a-kind PD processes. © 2021

关键词： Knowledge management

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Transport and spectral properties of the XX+XXZ diode and stability to dephasing

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Physical Review E 2022年第2期105卷 024120-024120页

作者： Kang Hao Lee Vinitha Balachandran Chu Guo Dario Poletti Science and Math Cluster Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore Henan Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Cryptography Zhengzhou Henan 450000 China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081 China Engineering Product Development Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore

We study the transport and spectral property of a segmented diode formed by an XX+XXZ spin chain. This system has been shown to become an ideal rectifier for spin current for large enough anisotropy. Here we show numerical evidence that the system in reverse bias has signatures pointing toward the existence of three different transport regimes depending on the value of the anisotropy: ballistic, diffusive, and insulating. In forward bias we observe two regimes, ballistic and diffusive. The system in forward and reverse bias shows significantly different spectral properties, with distribution of rapidities converging toward different functions. In the presence of dephasing the system becomes diffusive, rectification is significantly reduced, the relaxation gap increases, and the spectral properties in forward and reverse bias tend to converge. For large dephasing the relaxation gap decreases again as a result of quantum Zeno physics.

关键词： Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics Open quantum systems Open quantum systems & decoherence Quantum transport Spin current Matrix product states Quantum spin chains

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Mof Derived 3d Hierarchical Matrices for High Performance Flexible Li-S Batteries

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Jiang, Shunqiong Li, Xue Liang Fang, Daliang Lieu, Wei Ying Chen, Chen Khan, M. Shahnawaz Li, Dong-Sheng Tian, Bingbing Shi, Yumeng Yang, Hui Ying International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Pillar of Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are regarded as promising candidates for the next-generation energy storage system due to their outstanding theoretical energy density. However, their practical application is highly limited by a number of challenging issues, such as uncontrollable Li dendrite growth and sluggish electrochemical kinetics, shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPS). Herein, we designed and synthesized metal organic framework derived hierarchical matrices on carbon cloth (CC), where ZnO nanosheet arrays function as anode host (CC-ZnO) and nitrogen (N) doped carbon nanosheets with Co nanoparticles (CC-NC-Co) work as cathode host for Li-S battery. As an anode host, CC-ZnO is beneficial for stable Li plating and stripping. In the symmetric cells with CC-ZnO@Li, it shows enhanced cycling stability (voltage hysteresis of 25 mV for over 800 h at 1 mA cm-2, 1 mAh cm-2). We have also developed a multifunctional cathode host of CC-NC-Co with synergistic functions of physical confinement, chemical anchoring, and excellent electrocatalysis. Thus, the full cells with CC-ZnO@Li anodes and CC-NC-Co@S cathodes show satisfactory electrochemical performance with long cycling life (0.02% and 0.03% capacity decay per cycle when cycling for 900 times at 0.5 C and cycling for 600 times at 1 C, respectively) and excellent rate performance (793 mAh g-1 at 4 C). Furthermore, the pouch cell based on the flexible CC-ZnO@Li anode and CC-NC-Co@S cathode show decent stability in the different bending states. This work provides an effective strategy to prepare the flexible Li and S hosts with hierarchical structure derived from MOF for high performance Li-S batteries. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Effect of Protonation and Deprotonation on Oxygen-Containing Groups Functionalized Graphene for Boron Adsorption Removal

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yao, Jingjing Zhang, Shidong Li, Dong-Sheng Wang, Ye An, Wengang Yang, Hui Ying Pillar of Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore Institute of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials and Technology College of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou University Guiyang550025 China Singapore University of Technology and Design [SUTD Singapore Central South University China Key Laboratory of Material Physics Ministry of Education School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450052 China College of New Energy and Environment Jilin University Changchun130021 China

This study investigated the adsorption mechanisms of B(OH)3 (B3) and B(OH)4- (B4) on protonated and deprotonated graphene with oxygen-containing functional groups. Protonation or deprotonation conditions were found to significantly influence boron adsorption. Deprotonation of hydroxyl-modified graphene with 20 carbon rings (G20-OH) and carboxyl-modified graphene with 20 carbon rings (G20-COOH) led to decreased adsorption capacities for both B3 and B4. Protonation of G20-OH enhanced B3 adsorption. The adsorption interface, mainly around hydrogen atoms associated with protonated groups, exhibited a sharp gradient, likely due to increased electron density from O-H bond formation. B3 showed stronger electron sharing, emphasizing robust interactions. Hydrogen bonding dominated in G20-OH2-B3, while G20-O-B4 exhibited more substantial hydrogen bond interactions. In summary, hydrogen bond strength played a crucial role in B3 adsorption, while electrostatic repulsion hindered B4 adsorption on deprotonated graphene. This highlights the importance of graphene protonated and deprotonated states in effectively removing various pKa contaminants. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Density functional theory

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New Low-Cost FDM Technology for Printing Antennas

New Low-Cost FDM Technology for Printing Antennas

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International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP)

作者： Rainer Kronberger Stefan Grünwald Volker Wienstroer Vincent Tsatsos High Frequency Laboratory TH Cologne University of Applied Sciences Germany Institute of Product Development and Engineering Design TH Cologne University of Applied Sciences Germany

ISBN: (数字)9784885523267

ISBN: (纸本)9781728159096

In this paper a new FDM (fused deposition molding) printing process for the production of electrically conductive structures, e.g. antennas, is presented. In comparison to known processes, this is only done with a simple 3D printer with additional dosing unit for the conductive printing material. The printing process of the thermoplastic carrier material and the conductive adhesive paste takes place almost simultaneously and requires no further thermal treatment. First printing tests of antennas were very successful.

关键词： Printing Three-dimensional displays Microstrip antennas Thermal conductivity Frequency division multiplexing Printers Antenna accessories

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Sequencing of information in modular model-based systems design 22

Sequencing of information in modular model-based systems des...

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22nd International Dependency and Structure Modeling Conference, DSM 2020

作者： Rötzer, Sebastian Rostan, Nicky Steger, Hans Christian Vogel-Heuser, Birgit Zimmermann, Markus Laboratory for Product Development and Lightweight Design Technische Universität Mönchen Garching Germany Institute of Automation and Information Systems Technische Universität Mönchen Garching Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781912254125

Multi-disciplinary design of complex systems is characterized by many inter-dependencies between components. Therefore, adjusting their properties appropriately to satisfy all system requirements is difficult. Simulation models enable fast quantitative assessment of the system behavior. Unfortunately, monolithic system models are often not available, due to domain-specific knowledge that needs to be incorporated. This paper proposes a framework that enables a modular formulation of separate models that can be integrated easily into a full system model. Key ingredient is a model for dependencies between system and component attributes as polyhierarchies without feedback loops. The complex dependency structure of a system can be modularized and simplified. Modular models are integrated into a system model by sequencing the flow of information of the design task. The resulting system model has no circular dependencies and two distinct interfaces: independent design variables and dependent system performance measures. The approach is applied to two gear design tasks. Copyright © Proceedings of the 22nd Inter. Dep. and Structure Modeling Conf., DSM 2020.

关键词： Structural design

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