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Challenges in incorporating sustainability into product development: An exploratory study

Challenges in incorporating sustainability into product deve...

2009 ASME International Design engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in engineering Conference, DETC2009

作者： Athalye, S.A. Govindarajan, S.K. Lopez, C.A. Esterman Jr., Marcos Rothenberg, Sandr Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester NY United States Masters in Product Development Program United States Industrial and Systems Engineering Department United States Saunders College of Business United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791849057

Despite decades of disaggregated initiatives aimed at improving the well-being and quality of life of its employees, their families, communities and stakeholders, many high-technology firms are still struggling to develop an integrated approach to address the triple bottom line aspects of sustainability. In particular how sustainability is being integrated into the product development process, and the challenges that result, is of interest to this work. A literature review into the role of internal factors of how a firm implements a sustainability strategy revealed that it was too normative to guide the implementation of a corporate sustainability strategy at the level of the product development value chain. Therefore, to better understand how senior and mid-level managers actually implement such a strategy, a case study was conducted at two business divisions of two different large, multinational firms that are relatively early in their development of an integrated sustainability strategy. The findings provide insight into the role of internal factors at the level of a business division as it attempts to incorporate sustainability into its product development value chain. © 2009 by ASME.

关键词： Sustainable development

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A predictive control strategy for doubly-fed induction generator direct power control

A predictive control strategy for doubly-fed induction gener...

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IEEE/IAS International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON)

作者： Alfeu J. Sguarezi Filho M. E. de Oliveira Filho Ernesto Ruppert Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG Brazil Graduate School of Engineering Okayama University of Science Okayama Japan Mechanical Engineering Department UFMG Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Inteligent Mechacical Enginnering Fuculty of Engineering Okayama University of Science Okayama Japan Dept of Research and Product Development WEG Motors Jaraguá do Sul Brazil

This paper proposes a model based predictive controller for direct power control of DFIG. The control law is derived by optimization of an objective function that considers the control effort and the difference between the predicted outputs (active and reactive power) and the specific references, with predicted outputs calculated using a linearized state-space model. Because the generator leakage inductance and resistance information were required for this control method, the influence of the estimation errors for these parameters was also investigated. Simulation results are presented for validation the proposed controller.

关键词： Rotors Reactive power Stators Capacitors Conferences

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Ensuring a strong U.S. engineering workforce for technology innovation and competitiveness: A partnership between academia and industry

Ensuring a strong U.S. engineering workforce for technology ...

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2008 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Keating, Donald Stanford, Thomas Rencis, Joseph J. Deloatch, Eugene Noori, Mohammad Sullivan, Edward Woodall, David Egbert, Norman Quick, David Olson, Roger Truesdale, Samuel McHenry, Albert Lindquist, Timothy Tidwell, Joseph Palmer, Harvey Smith, Mark Dunlap, Duane Schuver, Mark Segner, Edmund Farbrother, Barry Tricamo, Stephen Burbank, Ken Purdy, Carla Holmes, Randall University of South Carolina Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering University of South Carolina Graduate Studies Division National Collaborative Task Force Department of Chemical Engineering University of South Carolina University of Arkansas Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Arkansas Morgan State University School of Engineering Morgan State University American Society of Engineering Education North Carolina State University College of Engineering California State Polytechnic University California Polytechnic State University Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering California State Polytechnic University Oregon Institute of Technology Engineering Research Council Rolls-Royce Corporation Engineering and Technology Rolls-Royce Corporation R and D Customer Requirements R and T Strategy Rolls-Royce North American Technologies College Industry Partnership Division American Society for Engineering Education Employee Development Engineering Business Improvement Organization Rolls-Royce Corporation Arizona State University Arizona State University Polytechnic College of Technology and Innovation Arizona State University Polytechnic Joint Alliance of Companies Managing Education for Technology JACMET Rochester Institute of Technology Kate Gleason College of Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology Product Development and Manufacturing Leadership Program Kate Gleason College of Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology Purdue University College of Technology Purdue University Graduate Studies Division American Society for Engineering Education University of Alabama Birmingham United States Department of Civil Engineering University of Alabama Birmingham United States University of New Haven Tagliatela College of Engineering University of New Haven New Jersey Institute of Technology Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Western Carolina University Department of Engineering and Technology Western Carolina University Un

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Mission Results from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC Constellation System

Mission Results from FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC Constellation System

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AIAA Space 2007 Conference

作者： Fong, Chen-Joe Huang, Cheng-Yung Chu, Vicky Hsiao, Albert Yang, Eddy Yen, Nick Chen, Shao-Shing Hawes, Dean Kuo, Ying-Hwa Liou, Yuei-An Chi, Sen Hsin-Chu 300 Taiwan Orbital Sciences Corporation 21839 Atlantic Blvd Dulles VA 20166 United States University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO 80307 United States Chung-Li 320 Taiwan Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Yuan Ze University Chungli 320 Taiwan FORMOSAT-3 Program Office F8 No 9 Prosperity 1st Road AIAA Department of Photonics Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering NCTU Science Development Office F8 No 9 Prosperity 1st Road FORMOSAT-3 Mission Operation Team F8 No 9 Prosperity 1st Road Flight Dynamic Facility FORMOSAT-3 Mission Operation Team F8 No 9 Prosperity 1st Road FORMOSAT-3 Program Office F8 No 9 Prosperity 1st Road Hsin-Chu 300 Taiwan F8 No 9 Prosperity 1st Road FORMOSAT-3 Spacecraft Program MicroStar Product Line Orbital Sciences Corporation 21839 Atlantic Blvd Dulles VA 20166 COSMIC University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO 80307 United States Center for Space and Remote Research National Central University 300 Jhongda Rd. Department of Electrical Engineering Yuan Ze University

ISBN: (纸本)1563479079

The FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC spacecraft constellation consisting of six LEO satellites is the world's first operational GPS radio occultation mission. The mission is jointly developed by Taiwan's National Space Organization (NSPO) and United States' UCAR in collaboration with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Naval Research Laboratory for three onboard payloads including GPS Occultation Receiver (GOX), Tri-Band Beacon (TBB), and Tiny Ionospheric Photometer (TIP). The FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC mission was launched successfully from Vandenberg on April 15, 2006 into the same orbit plane of the designated 516 km circular parking orbit altitude. All six FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC satellites are maintained in the good state of health except spacecraft flight model no. 2 (FM2) having power shortage and are on their way toward the final constellation of six separate orbit planes with 30-degree separations as planned. Four out of six satellites have reached their final mission orbit of 800 km as of May 2007. The FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC has processed over 1800 good atmospheric sounding profiles per day in average which has over the number of worldwide radiosondes launched per day (∼900 mostly above the land mass). The atmospheric radio soundings data are assimilated into the Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models for real-time weather prediction and typhoon/hurricane forecast. The global and nation's weather prediction centers have shown significant positive impact and the forecast result will be also adapted into the nation's disaster warning and relief system once constellation deployment completed by end of year 2007. With the invention of the open loop technique by UCAR, the quality, the accuracy and the lowest penetration altitude of the RO sounding profiles are better than CHAMP data. This paper also describes the mission highlight;the constellation spacecraft system performance summary;the constellation mission operation result;and the mission science results.

关键词： Cosmic rays

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Time-domain simulation of four-quadrant propeller flows by a chimera moving grid approach

Time-domain simulation of four-quadrant propeller flows by a...

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International Conference on Civil engineering in the Oceans VI

作者： Chen, H.C. Lee, Sing-Kwan Ocean Engineering Program Department of Civil Engineering Texas A and M University College Station TX 77843 Research and Product Development Technology American Bureau of Shipping ABS Plaza 16855 NorthChase Drive Houston 77060

ISBN: (纸本)0784407754

A Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method has been employed in conjunction with a chimera moving grid approach to provide accurate resolution of four-quadrant propeller flows under both the design and off-design conditions. Time-domain simulations were performed first for the DTRC 4118 propeller under ahead, bollard-pull, crash-ahead, crash-astern, and backing conditions and compared with the available experimental data. Preliminary numerical results were also presented for the DTRC 4383 propeller to illustrate the applicability of the chimera RANS method for highly skewed propellers.

关键词： Propellers

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Multimode locomotion via SuperBot reconfigurable robots

Multimode locomotion via SuperBot reconfigurable robots

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作者： Shen, Wei-Min Krivokon, Maks Chiu, Harris Everist, Jacob Rubenstein, Michael Venkatesh, Jagadesh Information Sciences Institute Computer Science Department University of Southern California University of Southern California Polymorphic Robotics Laboratory Information Science Institute Polymorphic Robotics Laboratory Product Development Engineering Program University of Southern California

One of the most challenging issues for a self-sustaining robotic system is how to use its limited resources to accomplish a large variety of tasks. The scope of such tasks could include transportation, exploration, construction, inspection, maintenance, in-situ resource utilization, and support for astronauts. This paper proposes a modular and reconfigurable solution for this challenge by allowing a robot to support multiple modes of locomotion and select the appropriate mode for the task at hand. This solution relies on robots that are made of reconfigurable modules. Each locomotion mode consists of a set of characteristics for the environment type, speed, turning-ability, energy-efficiency, and recoverability from failures. This paper demonstrates a solution using the SuperBot robot that combines advantages from M-TRAN, CONRO, ATRON, and other chain-based and lattice-based robots. At the present, a single real SuperBot module can move, turn, sidewind, maneuver, and travel on batteries up to 500 m on carpet in an office environment. In physics-based simulation, SuperBot modules can perform multimodal locomotions such as snake, caterpillar, insect, spider, rolling track, H-walker, etc. It can move at speeds of up to 1.0 m/s on flat terrain using less than 6 W per module, and climb slopes of no less 40 degrees.

关键词： Robots

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Configuration and coordination of activities within a supply chain: Exploring the synergy between modularity and information technology

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International Journal of Automotive Technology and Management 2006年第1期6卷 6-19页

作者： Kim, Ki-Chan Sohn, Changsoo Roemer, Thomas Yassine, Ali Department of Business Administration Catholic University of Korea Yeouido Post Office 35-1 Yeouido-dong Yeongdeoungpo-gu Seoul 150-010 Korea Republic of Manufacturing Program A. P. Sloan School of Management Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139-4307 United States Product Development Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Department of Business Administration Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Republic of Sloan School MIT United States Department of General Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Product Development Research Lab. Japan Catholic University of Korea Korea Republic of

This research studies the impact of information technology-enabled coordination on product modularisation in the automotive industry. A structural equation model is tested based on 177 responses to questionnaires from 177 Korean first-tier automotive suppliers. The results provide support for the hypothesis that high quality of exchanged information enables better supply chain coordination, which in turn supports product modularisation. Copyright © 2006 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Automotive industry

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Sensitivity analysis of Hardware-In-The-Loop (HWIL) simulation systems

Sensitivity analysis of Hardware-In-The-Loop (HWIL) simulati...

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16th IASTED International Conference on Modelling and Simulation

作者： Pate, John Parker, Keith Edlin, Keith R. Kawano, Kenneth I. System Simulation and Development Directorate Research Development and Engineering Center US Army Aviation and Missile Command Redstone Arsenal AL 35809 AEgis Technologies Group Inc. 631 Discovery Drive Huntsville AL 35806 TTEC Product Office Ground-based Midcourse Defense Joint Program Office P.O. Box 1500 Huntsville AL 35807-3801

Verification and Validation (V&V) of Models and Simulations (M&S) is essential to ensuring timely accreditation decisions. Acceptability criteria for accreditation decisions need broad community consensus to determine when "good enough is good enough." This is especially true for system software and Hardware-In-The-Loop (HWIL) simulations. Uncertainties in parameter values used in dynamic simulations lead to difficulties in the a prioi choosing of acceptability criteria for use in an accreditation decision This paper focuses on key parameter variables in the Ballistic Missile Defense kill chain and how sensitivity analysis can be used to determine how sensitive a simulation is to changes in the value of the simulation's inputs, and to changes in the simulation's structure. We will demonstrate how parameter sensitivity analysis was performed in a series of tests where variations in parameter values produced changes in the dynamic behavior of the simulation. We will also illustrate how sensitivity analysis can indicate which acceptability criteria are reasonable choices for use in the accreditation decision. Discovering that the simulation's behavior changes significantly due to a change in some parameter's value can allow the Accreditation Authority to identify threshold values for establishing the acceptability criteria, helping to answer the question: What is "good enough"?

关键词： Computer simulation

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Leveraging what freshmen don't know: product development in an integrated business and engineering freshman workshop

Leveraging what freshmen don't know: Product development in ...

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2003 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: Staying in Tune with engineering Education

作者： Watkins, Todd A. Ochs, John B. Snyder, Drew M. College of Business and Economics Lehigh University Department of Mechanical Engineering Lehigh University Department of Art Lehigh University Lehigh University Intgd. Product Development Program Department Art

This paper discusses one part of our attempts at Lehigh University to put active, inquiry-based, collaborative, multidisciplinary experiences at the center of undergraduate education, starting in the freshman year. We briefly outline the goals, history, structure, and our evaluation of our Integrated Business and engineering Freshman Workshop, a team-project-based learning course emphasizing entrepreneurial product development. The main goal of the Workshop, and the interdisciplinary curricula which it leads into, is to enable graduates to move more rapidly along their chosen career paths, graduating both competent in their functional disciplines - whether business or engineering - and better prepared for long-term success. Freshmen, by and large, come as a blank slate in terms of disciplinary biases and expectations about college "coursework." By working in teams on original entrepreneurial, multi-disciplinary product development projects from the first year, students not only become multi-functional, self-directed and team-oriented, but better understand the context of the latter courses in their curricula. The program emphasizes higher-order skill development, including: problem and task identification in ill-defined problems;decision making under uncertainty and lack of information;integrating, connecting, and reflecting on diverse areas of knowledge;and written and oral communication. We also evaluate our progress based on several related sources of qualitative and quantitative assessment information. The paper concludes by exploring the major issues and lessons learned in program implementation.

关键词： product development

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PD21: An education consortium for product development leadership

PD21: An education consortium for product development leader...

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2002 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: Vive L'ingenieur

作者： Smith, Mark Mahoney, Denny Owen, Wally Prasad, Hriday Seering, Warren Rochester Institute of Technology Massachusetts Inst. of Technology Naval Postgraduate School University of Detroit Mercy Mfg. Mgmt. and Leadership Program Rochester Institute of Technology MIT Syst. Des. and Mgmt. Program Product Development Program Naval Postgraduate School Product Development Program University of Detroit Mercy Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT

Business survival and growth is critically dependent upon the ability to develop new products and services, yet there has been a distinct scarcity of educational programs whose overarching focus is product development. With support from the NSF and the Center for Innovation in product development (CIPD) at MIT, a university consortium was formed in 1998 to disseminate a Master of Science program focused on product development leadership. This paper reviews the evolution of "PD21", the "Education Consortium for product development Leadership in the 21st Century," from creation of the template Master's degree program at MIT and formation of the consortium, to the transfer of curriculum to three other member schools (RIT, the University of Detroit-Mercy, and the Naval Postgraduate School), to the future of the consortium.1 Attention is given to the complexities and challenges associated with collaboration within and between universities.

关键词： product development

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