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FEM-based investigation on machining forces and temperatures induced during AISI-4140 hard turning

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2022年第1期1235卷

作者： Anastasios Tzotzis Nikolaos Efkolidis Dimitrios Tzetzis Panagiotis Kyratsis University of Western Macedonia Dept. of Product and Systems Design Engineering Kila Kozani GR50100 Greece International Hellenic University School of Science and Technology Thermi GR57001 Greece

Turning is probably one of the most common machining processes used to manufacture parts for the industrial sector. In order to reduce development times and costs during turning, it is necessary to employ methodologies and techniques that enable the precise prediction of the important parameters that relate to the process. Such a methodology is the implementation of Finite Element Method (FEM). In this work, the 3D modelling of AISI-4140 hard turning with ceramic tooling is being presented by utilizing the DEFORM-3D™ Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software system. Nine tests were conducted according to typical cutting conditions as recommended by tool manufacturers; cutting speed of 80 m/min, 115 m/min and 150 m/min and feed of 0.08 mm/rev, 0.11 mm/rev and 0.14 mm/rev, at a constant depth of cut equal to 0.30 mm. The developed friction forces, heat transfer and contact interface stresses between the tool and the workpiece were approximated with the aid of well-established models to simulate the machining mechanisms. Additionally, a validation of the yielded results for the machining components and the temperature distribution was performed by comparing the numerical results with experimental data. Most of the simulations generated results in agreement with the experimental ones. The agreement percentage exceeds 90% in most tests for the investigated components (machining forces and temperature), confirming both the validity and the accuracy of the model.

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A novel hazard analysis and risk assessment for automotive embedded system development as safety element out of context 3

A novel hazard analysis and risk assessment for automotive e...

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3rd International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics, ICOEI 2019

作者： Nag, Pramit Harmalkar, Jyoti Ghanekar, Umesh School of VLSI Design and Embedded Systems NIT Kurukshetra Kurukshetra India Product Engineering Services KPIT Technologies LTD. Pune India Dept. of ECE NIT Kurukshetra Kurukshetra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781538694398

The standard ISO 26262 plays a key role in defining functional safety of all electrical and electronic systems which are supposed to be used for automotive applications. Distribution of safety related activities according to ISO 26262 among various participants in the automotive supply chain is a challenging task. These activities include item definition, hazard analysis and risk assessment (HARA), functional and technical safety concept etc. Being the most essential step in the development flow, usage of an efficient, accurate and practical approach is necessary for performing HARA especially during development of any electronic control unit (ECU), hardware or software intellectual properties as they are developed as safety element out of context (SEooC). In this paper, a novel safety life cycle is proposed for SEooC development to overcome the problematic aspects of existing safety processes. A novel approach for generic hazard analysis and risk assessment (GHARA) and its optimization is also proposed which satisfies the requirement of the proposed safety life cycle. ©2019 IEEE.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Analysis of Moisture and Sebum of the Skin for Monitoring Wound Healing in Older Nursing Home Residents

Analysis of Moisture and Sebum of the Skin for Monitoring Wo...

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AHFE Virtual Conference on Physical Ergonomics and Human Factors, the Virtual Conference on Social and Occupational Ergonomics, and the Virtual Conference on Cross-Cultural Decision Making, 2020

作者： Shen, Wei-Cheng Jan, Yih-Kuen Lung, Chi-Wen Anastian, Aqo Hsieh, Chang-Wei Cheng, Hsu-Tang Liao, Yin-Yin Liau, Ben-Yi Department of Digital Media Design Asia University Taichung Taiwan Rehabilitation Engineering Lab University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ChampaignIL United States Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ChampaignIL United States Computational Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ChampaignIL United States Department of Creative Product Design Asia University Taichung Taiwan Information Systems Study Program Department of Mathematics Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering Asia University Taichung Taiwan Division of Plastic Surgery Asia University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering Hungkuang University Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783030515485

Pressure ulcers are a common problem among older nursing home residents. Wound healing monitoring in these older residents causes intensive significant workload for nurses. Moisture and sebum of the skin are critical factors during wound healing which can observations for nurses quick and handy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between moisture and sebum of the skin during wound healing in older people. The data of moisture and sebum was observed for four times in sequence biweekly from the sacrum region of eighteen subjects. Based on the wound healing status, the subjects were grouped into the wound healing, wound non-healing, and non-wound groups. The wound area was calculated by manually tracing the wound area in captured images using the Image-J. Ulcer area were median correlation with moisture (r =.61) and sebum (r = −.60) in the wound healing group. The moisture was also significantly correlated with sebum (r =.89, p © 2020, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Moisture

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Ontological Model for Managing Context-aware Assembly Instructions

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018年第11期51卷 176-181页

作者： Claeys, A. Hoedt, S. Schamp, M. Landeghem, H. Van Cottyn, J. Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Product Design Ghent University Technologiepark 903 Zwijnaarde [Ghent] Belgium Flanders Make Belgium

High model variance and complexity in mixed model assembly systems causes a vast amount of information. Current information systems neglect the user's situation. Consequently, the user has to process loads of information that may be unnecessary. Information filtering and personalization are for this reason indispensable. By marking assembly instructions with context information, content filtering can be applied. Based on current research in several manual assembly environments in Flanders, a generic ontological model for managing all assembly related context is designed. The model consists of eight categories that define the four main domain context categories (people, places, things and work tasks) and their interrelationships (experience, condition, use and requirement). In order to validate the context model, an experimental approach on a lab set-up is proposed. © 2018

关键词： Information filtering Ontology Content filtering Context modeling Context sensitive Human operator Intelligent interface Manual assembly

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designing a Smart Ring and a Smartphone Application to Help Monitor, Manage and Live Better with the Effects of Raynaud’s Phenomenon 1

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3rd International Conference on Smart Objects and Technologies for Social Good, GOODTECHS 2017

作者： Partheniadis, Konstantinos Stavrakis, Modestos Department of Product and Systems Design Engineering University of the Aegean Syros Greece

ISBN: (数字)9783319761114

ISBN: (纸本)9783319761107

This paper presents the research, the preliminary design stages and an early evaluation of a digital wearable product for monitoring and managing the effects of a chronic disease called Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP). The proposed wearable prototype aims at supporting sufferers in their everyday life for managing and preventing RP. The product is composed of three main parts, a physical product of a smart ring, the digital infrastructure of the physical computing subsystem (hardware and software) and an accompanying mobile application. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications engineering 2018.

关键词： Application programs

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Virtual Commissioning of Industrial Control systems - a 3D Digital Model Approach

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Procedia Manufacturing 2019年 39卷 66-73页

作者： Matthias Schamp Lauren Van De Ginste Steven Hoedt Arno Claeys El-Houssaine Aghezzaf Johannes Cottyn Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Product Design Ghent University Technologiepark 46 9052 Gent-Zwijnaarde Belgium Industrial Systems Engineering (ISyE) Flanders Make www.FlandersMake.be

With the growing presence of industry 4.0, flexible workstations and distributed control logic, software development has become an even more important part of the automation engineering process than before. In a traditional workflow, the main commissioning part of industrial control systems is performed on the real set-up and consequently during a time critical phase of the project. Virtual commissioning can be used to reduce the real commissioning time and can allow an earlier commissioning start, reducing the overall project lead time, risk of damaging parts, amount of rework and cost of error correction. Previous research showed already a reduction potential of the real commissioning time by 73%, when using a virtual commissioning strategy based on a 3D digital model. However, the robustness of that approach still highly depends on the human expertise to fully evaluate the correct behavior in all possible use scenarios. This paper describes an approach to further automate these virtual commissioning steps by embedding functional specifications and use scenarios through a formal notation inside the 3D digital model. Configuration steps inside the virtual environment describe the conditions, independent from the control logic but related to component states and transitions in the digital model (actuator and sensor values, time restrictions, counters, positions of objects, etc.). These conditions are continuously monitored during an extensive commissioning run of the digital model covering all possible component states and transitions. A small scale experiment will show the reduction of the virtual commissioning time and earlier detection of quality issues.

关键词： Virtual commissioning 3D digital model Industrial control system Functional specification Use scenarios

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Volume control of low-cost ventilator with automatic set-point adaptation

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Hewing, Lukas Menner, Marcel Tachatos, Nikolaos Schmid Daners, Marianne du Pasquier, Cosima Lumpe, Thomas S. Shea, Kristina Carron, Andrea Zeilinger, Melanie N. Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control ETH Zurich Zurich8092 Switzerland Product Development Group Zurich ETH Zurich Zurich8092 Switzerland Engineering Design and Computing Laboratory ETH Zurich Zurich8092 Switzerland

This paper considers the control design for a low-cost ventilator that is based on a manual resuscitator bag (also known as AmbuBag) to pump air into the lungs of a patient who is physically unable to breathe. First, it experimentally shows that for accurately tracking tidal volumes, the controller needs to be adapted to the individual patient and the different configurations, e.g., hardware or operation modes. Second, it proposes a set-point adaptation algorithm that uses sensor measurements of a flow meter to automatically adapt the controller to the setup at hand. Third, it experimentally shows that such an adaptive solution improves the performance of the ventilator for various setups. One objective of this paper is to increase awareness of the need for feedback control using sensor measurements in low-cost ventilator solutions in order to automatically adapt to the specific scenario. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Costs

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Understanding and exploring operator needs in mixed model assembly

Understanding and exploring operator needs in mixed model as...

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2019 Joint HCI engineering - Methods and Tools for Advanced Interactive systems and Integration of Multiple Stakeholder Viewpoints, HCI engineering 2019

作者： Joundi, Jamil Conradie, Peter van Den Bergh, Jan Saldien, Jelle imec-mict-UGent De Krook Ghent Belgium Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Product Design Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Ghent University Kortrijk Belgium Hasselt University - tUL - Flanders Make Expertise Centre for Digital Media Diepenbeek Belgium

Assembly operators are experiencing ever-increasing cognitive loads due to increasing production complexity. Higher quality assembly instructions, with input from operators by sharing their knowledge, can reduce errors during the assembly process. This article describes two studies that investigate the human needs for a digital process that streamlines the input of operators in the creation or adaptation of work instructions in a Mixed-Model Assembly systems. The first study consisted of contextual inquiries and semi-structured interviews and aimed to discover the high-level needs of the different roles involved in the creation process. The second study used the Wizard of Oz method to investigate which interaction methods could be suitable to provide feedback about erroneous assemblies. We found that any systems should take into consideration, among other things, current operator mobility, presence of multiple operators at a workstation and different technological skill levels as important factors to consider when developing new systems to capture operator knowledge. With respect to interaction methods, participants preferred manual input devices over gestural feedback methods. Copyright © 2019 for this paper by its authors.

关键词： Assembly

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Simulation of the mechanical behavior of pre-corroded AA2024-T3 specimens with equivalent surface notches

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 32卷 254-259页

作者： Nikolaos D. Alexopoulos Christina Margarita Charalampidou Paraskevas Papanikos Stavros K. Kourkoulis Department of Financial Engineering School of Engineering University of the Aegean 41 Kountouriotou Str. 82132 Chios Greece Department of Product and Systems Design Engineering School of Engineering University of the Aegean 1 Konstantinoupoleos Str 84100 Syros Greece Laboratory for Testing and Materials Department of Mechanics National Technical University of Athens 5 Heroes Polytechnion Str. 15773 Athens Greece

The present work aims to numerically simulate the mechanical tensile behaviour of AA2024-T3 specimens with pre-existing corrosion-induced surface damage. The concept lies on the calculation of an equivalent artificial-machined surface notch that decreases the tensile mechanical properties degradation with the same manner as the corrosion exposure. Recently, in Alexopoulos et al . (2019) an experimental effort for the physical correlation of the mechanical properties’ degradation due to artificially machined surface notches with corrosion-induced damage was attempted. In the present work, a finite element model (FEM) was developed to simulate the tensile mechanical behaviour of the already notched tensile specimens. The model was validated by the experiments and a satisfactory correlation between the numerically obtained and the experimental results for both, yield stress R p and elongation at fracture A f was achieved. Essential decrease in A f (approximately 50% of the initial value) was observed even for the low notch depth of 0.15 mm while this was not the case for yield stress. Furthermore, it was observed that the morphology of the developed plastic zones changes drastically for notch depths higher than 0.60 mm, in good correlation with experimental observations, according to which increased notch depths induce generalized yielding conditions for lower stress/strain values.

关键词： Corrosion Aluminum alloys Notches Finite element analysis Tension

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The Effect of Job Similarity on Forgetting in Multi-Task production

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Procedia Manufacturing 2019年 39卷 983-990页

作者： Steven Hoedt Arno Claeys Matthias Schamp Lauren Van De Ginste El-Houssaine Aghezzaf Johannes Cottyn Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Product Design Ghent University Technologiepark 46 9052 Gent-Zwijnaarde Belgium Industrial Systems Engineering (ISyE) Flanders Make www.FlandersMake.be

For many decades, research has been done on the effect of learning and forgetting for manual assembly operations. Due to the evolution towards mass customization, cycle time prediction becomes more and more complex. The frequent change of tasks for an operator results in a rapid alternation between learning and forgetting periods, since the production of one model is causing a forgetting phase for another model. a new mathematical model for learning and forgetting is proposed to predict the future cycle time of an operator depending on the product mix of his actual assembly schedule. A main factor for this model is the job similarity between the task that is being learned and is being forgotten. In our experimental study the impact of job similarity onto the forgetting effect is measured. Two groups of operators were submitted to an equal time schedule, with other tasks to perform. At first, both groups were asked to perform the same main task. In the subsequent phase, they were submitted to different assembly tasks, each with another job similarity towards the main task, before again executing that main task. After a period of inactivity, the main task was assembled again by every subject. Results confirm that a higher job similarity results in a lower forgetting effect for the main task.

关键词： cycle time prediction mixed-model manual assembly learning forgetting

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