Continuous process for biodiesel production using homogeneous catalysts finds many constraints. Heterogeneous catalysts are the solution for the production of continuous biodiesel. One of the heterogeneous catalysts i...
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Object caches are used to minimize data traffic in various areas of Information Technology, including computer networks. In this scenario, they are usually hosted in proxies, storing page objects (texts, figures, amon...
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Object caches are used to minimize data traffic in various areas of Information Technology, including computer networks. In this scenario, they are usually hosted in proxies, storing page objects (texts, figures, among others), and implementing access control policies. Its correct operation can provide a significant gain of performance in data exchange since it allows the immediate response of requested resources. This study aims to discuss the different states of the efficiency of two distinct types of computer network caches and determine the changing dynamics of these states with Logic Eτ.
Behind the concept of Industry 4.0, there are a number of principles and ideas;one of them is the integration of problems of different decision levels. In this work, we integrate maintenance with planning problems, ai...
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The use of NaOH as a catalyst for biodiesel production has long been used and provides high conversion conversions. Homogeneous NaOH phase during the transesterification reaction causes soap to form at the end of the ...
The use of NaOH as a catalyst for biodiesel production has long been used and provides high conversion conversions. Homogeneous NaOH phase during the transesterification reaction causes soap to form at the end of the process. Soap is diseparasi from biodiesel by washing and decantation techniques. The presence of soap can reduce the quality of biodiesel, especially at the flash point of biodiesel. Heterogeneous catalyst zeolite / NaOH is synthesized from natural zeolite and NaOH through the impregnation method. Natural zeolite is contained in natural rock obtained from Ujong Pancu, Aceh Besar. The synthesis of natural zeolite catalyst was initiated by activating zeolite powder with 4 M HCl for 10 hours at 90oC. Activated zeolite was impregnated using 2.5% NaOH at a ratio of 1: 2 (w / v) at 90oC for 2 hours. Application of zeolite / NaOH in transesterification reaction using crude palm oil off grade. The results showed that the use of zeolite / NaOH can prevent the formation of soap with characteristics that have met SNI 04-7182-2006 standards.
The Content of esters are the number of compositions of esters formed after the esterification and / or when transesterification reaction takes place. Esters are formed by breaking up the alkyl acid carboxylic group o...
The Content of esters are the number of compositions of esters formed after the esterification and / or when transesterification reaction takes place. Esters are formed by breaking up the alkyl acid carboxylic group of fatty acids or triglycerides which react with methyl groups from methanol. To increase the reaction rate, heterogeneous catalysts were synthesized using impregnators NaOH, KI and KIO3. The impregnator is carried out in the framework of natural zeolite with a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). The zeolite framework was previously activated using 6M HCl solution for 10 hours at a temperature of 90°C. To strengthen the impregnator bond on a heterogeneous zeolite catalyst, calcination was carried out at a temperature of 600°C for 4 hours. Heterogeneous catalysts were tested on biodiesel production using a transesterification reaction. The transesterification reaction was carried out at a temperature of 65°C for 2 hours based on crude ester with 5%-10% (w/w) heterogeneous zeolite catalyst ratio shows the percentage decrease in free fatty acid content of 74.05% for zeolite/NaOH, 75.01% for zeolite/KIO3 and 75.77% for zeolite/KI. Based on the results of gas chromatography analysis, it was found that zeolite/KI catalysts of 77.1591.86%.
Poisson point processes are widely used to model the consumption of spare parts. However, when the items have very low consumption rates, the historical sample sizes are too small. This paper presents a modelling tech...
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A case study on continuous process control based on fuzzy logic and supported by expert knowledge is proposed. The aim is to control the coal-grinding operations in a cement manufacturing plant. Fuzzy logic is based o...
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Urban in Indonesia, is no longer limited as a center of community settlement. Now the city also functions as a center of government, a central hierarchy, and a center of economic growth. As a logical consequence of th...
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