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16th Color Imaging Conference: Color science and Engineering Systems, Technologies, and Applications

作者： Ferwerda, James A. Ramanarayanan, Ganesh Walter, Bruce Bala, Kavita Munsell Color Science Laboratory Center for Imaging Science Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester NY United States Department of Computer Science Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Program of Computer Graphics Cornell University Ithaca NY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780892082810

In this paper we introduce a new approach to characterizing image quality: visual equivalence, Images are visually equivalent if they convey the same information about object appearance even if they are visibly different. In a series of psychophysical experiments we explore how object geometry, material, and illumination interact to produce images that are visually equivalent, and we identify how two kinds of transformations on illumination fields (blurring and warping) influence observers' judgments of equivalence. We use the results of the experiments to derive metrics that can serve as visual equivalence predictors (VEPs) and we generalize these metrics so they can be applied to novel objects and scenes. Finally we validate the predictors in a confirmatory study, and show that they reliably predict observer's judgments of equivalence. Visual equivalence is a significant new approach to measuring image quality that goes beyond existing visible difference metrics by leveraging the fact that some kinds of image differences do not matter to human observers. By taking advantage of higher order aspects of visual object coding, visual equivalence metrics should enable the development of powerful new classes of image capture, compression, rendering, and display algorithms.

关键词： Image quality

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Enhancing visualization skills-improving options aNd success (EnViSIONS) of engineering and technology students

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Engineering Design graphics Journal 2009年第2期73卷 1-17页

作者： Veurink, N.L. Hamlin, A.J. Kampe, J.C.M. Sorby, S.A. Blasko, D.G. Holliday-Darr, K.A. Trich Kremer, J.D. Abe Harris, L.V. Connolly, P.E. Sadowski, M.A. Harris, K.S. Brus, C.P. Boyle, L.N. Study, N.E. Knott, T.W. Department of Engineering Fundamentals Michigan Technological University Houghton MI 49931 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Michigan Technological University Houghton MI 49931 United States Department of Psychology Penn. State Erie Behrend College Erie PA 16563 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology Penn. State Erie Behrend College Erie PA 16563 United States Department of Computer Graphics Technology Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 United States Technology and Engineering Education Indiana State University Terre Haute IN 47809 United States Women in Science and Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242-1320 United States Department of Industrial Engineering University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 United States Department of Engineering and Technology Virginia State University Petersburg VA 23806 United States Department of Engineering Education Virginia Tech. Blacksburg VA 24073 United States

Spatial visualization skills are vital to many careers and in particular to STEM fields. Materials have been developed at Michigan Technological University and Penn State Erie, The Behrend College to assess and develop spatial skills. The EnViSIONS (Enhancing Visualization Skills-Improving Options aNd Success) project is combining these materials and testing them with pre-college and college students at seven institutions: Michigan Tech, Penn State Behrend, Purdue University, University of Iowa, Virginia State University, Virginia Tech, and a "Project Lead the Way" course in south-central Arizona. By removing a barrier to success for students with low visualization skills, particularly women, the project leaders hope to improve the retention of these students in STEM disciplines and to enhance their success. This paper will give a brief overview of the implementations at the university level and the fndings.

关键词： Students

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Multilevel metadata exploration using meta-previewer and cascading-view widgets

Multilevel metadata exploration using meta-previewer and cas...

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RIVF 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Conference on Research, Innovation and Vision for the Future in Computing and Communication Technologies

作者： Nguyen, Dinh-Quyen Sonnet, Henry Faculty of Computer Science University of Information Technology Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Department of Simulation and Graphics Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg Magdeburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424423798

This paper introduces techniques for the exploration of images augmented with additional information. We present the so-called Meta-Previewer and propose the Cascading-Views which are widgets that can assist the end-user in interactively exploring metadata embedded in augmented images. In this regard, the term Interactive Images [1] will refer to those augmented images which allow the end-user to request further information which is in relation to the entire image or parts of it. Using our tools, data exploration process is accomplished following three steps: (i) getting an overview of the image regions that contain additional information, (ii) requesting and displaying the additional information which is of interest, and (iii) diving into that additional information to get even more information linked with it. ©2008 IEEE.

关键词： Metadata

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Efficient algorithms for reverse proximity query problems 08

Efficient algorithms for reverse proximity query problems

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16th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems, ACM GIS 2008

作者： Kumar, Yokesh Janardan, Ravi Gupta, Prosenjit Univ. of Minnesota-Twin Cities Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Minneapolis MN 55455 United States International Institute of Information Technology and Mentor Graphics Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9781605583235

Determining the influence of an object on other objects in a database, based on proximity, is important in many applications. Abstractly, we wish to pre-process a set, P, of points in d-space so that the points of P that are assigned a new query point q as a Euclidean nearest neighbor can be reported quickly. These are the reverse nearest neighbors of q and are the ones most influenced by q. This generalizes to bichromatic reverse nearest neighbors, in which two sets, clients and servers, are given, where each client is influenced by some server, and of interest are the clients that are assigned a new server q as a nearest neighbor. Both extend to higher orders k > 1, where we seek the points that are assigned q as one of their k nearest neighbors, indicating varying degrees of influence. Each version also has a counterpart where "nearest" is replaced by "farthest", signifying low influence. We present a general approach that solves such reverse proximity query problems in an efficient and unified way, in any dimension, using well-known geometric transformations. We also give simple approximation algorithms in two and three dimensions (the primary domain of GIS applications) that report points that are "close to"being the desired true reverse proximity neighbors, as determined by a user-specified error parameter. This is based on approximating the proximity loci of the points by suitable convex polytopes that are amenable to simple and efficient querying. Theoretical analyses show that our solutions are fast and provably accurate, and this is further confirmed by experiments. Copyright 2008 ACM.

关键词： Query processing

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An effective load balancing scheme for 3D texture-based sort-last parallel volume rendering on GPU clusters

An effective load balancing scheme for 3D texture-based sort...

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作者： Lee, Won-Jong Srini, Vason P. Park, Woo-Chan Muraki, Shigeru Han, Tack-Don Department of Computer Science Yonsei University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Information and Communications University Deajeon Korea Republic of Department of Internet Engineering Sejong University Seoul Korea Republic of Collaborative Research Team of Volume Graphics National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo 135-0064 Japan

We present an adaptive dynamic load balancing scheme for 3D texture based sort-last parallel volume rendering on a PC cluster equipped with GPUs. Our scheme exploits not only task parallelism but also data parallelism during rendering by combining the hierarchical data structures (octree and parallel BSP tree) in order to skip empty regions and distribute proper workloads to rendering nodes. Our scheme can also conduct a valid parallel rendering and image compositing in visibility order by employing a 3D clustering algorithm. To alleviate the imbalance when the transfer function is changed, a load rebalancing is inexpensively supported by exchanging only needed data. A detailed performance analysis is provided and scaling characteristics of our scheme are discussed. These show that our scheme can achieve significant performance gains by increasing parallelism and decreasing synchronizing costs compared to the traditional static distribution schemes. Copyright © 2008 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers.

关键词： Volume rendering

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Fast and exact solution of Total Variation models on the GPU

Fast and exact solution of Total Variation models on the GPU

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IEEE computer Society Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW)

作者： Thomas Pock Markus Unger Daniel Cremers Horst Bischof Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Austria Department of Computer Science University of Bonn Germany

This paper discusses fast and accurate methods to solve total variation (TV) models on the graphics processing unit (GPU). We review two prominent models incorporating TV regularization and present different algorithms to solve these models. We mainly concentrate on variational techniques, i.e. algorithms which aim at solving the Euler Lagrange equations associated with the variational model. We then show that particularly these algorithms can be effectively accelerated by implementing them on parallel architectures such as GPUs. For comparison we chose a state-of-the-art method based on discrete optimization techniques. We then present the results of a rigorous performance evaluation including 2D and 3D problems. As a main result we show that the our GPU based algorithms clearly outperform discrete optimization techniques in both speed and maximum problem size.

关键词： computer vision computer graphics TV Lagrangian functions Acceleration Optical computing Iterative algorithms Image denoising Equations Parallel architectures

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Open Access: the new frontier connecting the learning commons through hassle-free and seamless scholarly communication

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World Digital Libraries - An international journal 2008年第1期1卷 61-76页

作者： Sreekumar, M G Visiting Professor Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

The developments in technology during the recent past, especially in ICTs (information and communication technologies), are tremendous, and the magnitude of changes that have been effecting the scholarly communication is amazing. In reality, scholarly communication system has largely been monopolized by publishers. Publishers obtain copyright from the author while accepting their scripts for publication, and paradoxically, the author or his/her university/institute will not have access to the article unless they have a subscription to the journal. On the other side, the spiralling costs of scholarly journals and the shrinking library budgets are of grave concern to the academic and research fraternity regardless of geographic conditions. The deprived authors/institutions are now trying out OA (Open Access) alternatives for scientific publication and communication with a view to escape the clutches of the publishers. The OA, as it is literally explanatory, intends seamless and free online access to all scholarly works emanating from the scientific fraternity worldwide. OA initiatives are indeed poised to revolutionize the scholarly communication process wherein the copyright of the article will partly rest (non-exclusive) with the authors, which is a departure from the conventional publishing process. This paper highlights the importance and the broad spectrum of benefits the OA movement offers to the academic and research community, especially, by way of policy formulations that would lead to mandating open access to all publications resulting from publicly funded research. It also suggests various models for practising and promoting OA, which could be emulated by these organizations in meeting the growing challenges that they face now in terms of budgetary constraints. It will also help in their earnest efforts towards providing assured access to a (near) comprehensive body of information and knowledge to their own communities.

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Document Watermarking Robust to Copying

Document Watermarking Robust to Copying

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International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIHMSP)

作者： Bin Luo Li Li Institute of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University of Science and Technology China Institute of Graphics and Image Hangzhou Dianzi University China

In general, a duplicated or tampered one of document can be obtained by duplicating machine. How to distinguish watermark quality from the first printing document and the duplicated or tampered one? In this paper we introduce a document watermarking arithmetic which is robust to copying. The arithmetic is based on the FMT transformation. The document is regarded as one image and is embedded 8 digitals. Experiments results show that the scheme can resist first printing and scan process. Furthermore watermark cannot be extracted from the duplicated or tampered one.

关键词： Watermarking Robustness Transforms Sun Printing Copyright protection Symmetric matrices

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Vehicular wireless burst switching network: Enhancing rural connectivity

Vehicular wireless burst switching network: Enhancing rural ...

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2008 IEEE Globecom Workshops, GLOBECOM 2008

作者： Farahmand, Farid Patel, Ankitkumar N. Jue, Jason P. Soares, Vasco G. Rodrigues, Joel J. Department of Computer Electronics and Graphics Technology Central Connecticut State University New Britain CT 06050 United States Department of Computer Science University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX 75083 United States Institute of Telecommunications Networks and Multimedia Group Portugal Department of Informatics University of Beira Interior Covilhã Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781424430628

This paper introduces a network architecture called Vehicular Wireless Burst Switching (VWBS). The main objective of this architecture is to provide low-cost connectivity solution for isolated and dispersed regions with no networks infrastructure. The proposed architecture is based on the concept of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN) and can be applied to various scenarios, including rapid deployment of emergency communication systems when all communication links have failed. In this paper, we present an overview of VWBS networks and show how their performance, in terms of average packet delays, can be improved using store-and-forward devices called relay nodes. Furthermore, we introduce several heuristic algorithms, which can be used to place minimum number of relay nodes. Through computer simulations, we compare the performance of the algorithms and their tradeoffs. We conclude our work by examining possible open research issues in VWBS. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Network architecture

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Fast lane detection with Randomized Hough Transform

Fast lane detection with Randomized Hough Transform

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International Symposium on Information technology, ITSim

作者： Azali Saudi Jason Teo Mohd Hanafi Ahmad Hijazi Jumat Sulaiman Centre for Artificial Intelligence Computer Science Program School of Engineering & Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia Computer Graphics Program School of Science & Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah Kota Kinabalu Malaysia

Lane detection is an essential component of autonomous mobile robot applications. Any lane detection method has to deal with the varying conditions of the lane and surrounding that the robot would encounter while moving. Lane detection procedure can provide estimates for the position and orientation of the robot within the lane and also can provide a reference system for locating other obstacles in the path of the robot. In this paper we present a method for lane detection in video frames of a camera mounted on top of the mobile robot. Given video input from the camera, the gradient of the current lane in the near field of view are automatically detected. Randomized Hough Transform is used for extracting parametric curves from the images acquired. A priori knowledge of the lane position is assumed for better accuracy of lane detection.

关键词： Transforms Roads Pixel Robustness Image edge detection Vehicles Equations

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