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Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Processing

作者： B. Gruber G. Haring D. Kranzlmuller J. Volkert Institute of Applied Computer Science and Information Systems Department of Advanced Computer Engineering University of Technology Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Computer Science Department for Graphics and Parallel Processing Johannes Kepler University Linz Linz Austria

The CAPSE environment for computer Aided Parallel Software Engineering is intended to assist the developer in the crucial task of parallel programming. The methodology of CAPSE is based on direct manipulative graphical creation and editing of scalable workload characterizations of MIMD algorithms. This paper presents the basic concepts of this methodology and an example of a parallel Poisson solver. The workload characterization representing the computation and communication behavior of the algorithm is based on directed acyclic task graphs, which achieve scalability by composing the task graph of scalable basic patterns instead of single node and arcs. The composition and the usage of these basic patterns is described in the light of designing the Poisson solver algorithm. The resulting task graph is used to predict the program's performance on a nCUBE 2 distributed memory machine and the PAPS simulator.

关键词： Parallel programming computer aided software engineering Concurrent computing computer science Information systems Scalability Distributed computing computer graphics Parallel processing Algorithm design and analysis

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SKETCH: an interface for sketching 3D scenes 96

SKETCH: an interface for sketching 3D scenes

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Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques

作者： Robert C. Zeleznik Kenneth P. Herndon John F. Hughes Brown University site of the NSF Science and Technology Center for Computer Graphics and Scientific Visualization PO Box 1910 Providence RI

No abstract available.

ISBN: (纸本)9780897917469

No abstract available.

关键词： nonphotorealistic rendering direct manipulation interaction techniques 3D modeling gestural interface sketching

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Introduction to Partitioning and Scheduling Minitrack

Introduction to Partitioning and Scheduling Minitrack

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Annual Hawaii International Conference on System sciences (HICSS)

作者： I. Ahmad H.D. Simon Tao Yang Department of Computer Science Honk Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong China Silicon Graphics Corporation Mountain View CA USA Department of Computer Science University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

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Head-tracked orbital viewing: an interaction technique for immersive virtual environments 96

Head-tracked orbital viewing: an interaction technique for i...

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Proceedings of the 9th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology

作者： David R. Koller Mark R. Mine Scott E. Hudson Graphics Visualization & Usability Center College of Comuputing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA Department of Computer Science University of North Carolira Chapel Hill NC

No abstract available.

ISBN: (纸本)9780897917988

No abstract available.

关键词： interaction metaphors head-tracking viewpoint selection steering virtual environments

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Ionic current model of the retinal photoreceptor and simulation analysis of the photoresponses

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SYSTEMS AND computerS IN JAPAN 1996年第12期27卷 10-21页

作者： Usui, TOS Kamiyama, Y Faculty of Information Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Shim Usui:graduated in 1974 with his Ph.D. degree in Computer Science from the University of California. He was appointed Research Associate at Nagoya University in 1974 a Lecturer at Toyohashi University of Technology in 1979 and an Associate Professor and then a Professor in 1986. He has been engaged in research on physiological information engineering and physiological engineering. He is the author of Basic Physwlqicul Signal Processing. He is a member of IEE Institute of Measurement and Automation Japan Institute of Information Processing Japan Institute of Medical Engineering Japan Institute of Physiology Japan Institute of Neural Science Japan Institute of Neural Networks Japan: and INNS. He is an IEEE fellow.

The fact that the reception of optical information by the retinal photoreceptor and the process of its transformation to the membrane voltage response are due to an interaction between the photocurrent from the outer segment and each ionic current in the inner segment has been confirmed by many physiological experiments. However, the properties of each ionic current in the photoreceptor have not been clear since no physiologically reliable model of the retinal photoreceptor has been constructed. This paper proposes a model of a retinal photoreceptor, which is a combination of the outer segment model (devised by Torre et al.) and the inner segment model (devised by the present authors). It has been confirmed that this model can accurately represent the electron physiological properties of a retinal photoreceptor. Using this model simulation, the relationship between the photocurrent and the photoresponse dynamics, and an oscillatory phenomena caused by a strong light flash have been analyzed. The results show that the dynamic and nonlinear response characteristics of a retinal photoreceptor are due to the interactions between the nonlinear ionic current in the inner segment and the mechanism of the intracellular calcium.

关键词： retinal photoreceptor photoresponse intracellular calcium mechanism simulation analysis

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A method for understanding intentions of indirect speech acts in natural language interfaces

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SYSTEMS AND computerS IN JAPAN 1996年第1期27卷 77-91页

作者： Mima, H Aoe, J Fuketa, M Hayashi, Y Member Faculty of Engineering The University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan 770 Jun-ichi Aoe received his B.E. and M.E. degrees in Electronic Engineering from the University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan in 1974 and 1976 respectively and his Ph.D. degree in Communication Engineering from the University of Osaka Japan in 1980. Since 1976 he has been with the University of Tokushima. He is currently a Professor in the Department of Information Science and Intelligent Systems at the University of Tokushima. He is the author of about 50 scientific papers. His research interests include computer algorithms in software engineering and natural language processing. Dr. Aoe is editing Computer Algorithms Series of the IEEE Computer Society Press and author of two books: Computer Algorithms-Key Search Strategies in 1991 and String Pattern Matching Strategies in 1994. He received a Best Author Award from the Information Processing Society of Japan in 1993. He is a member of the Association for Computing Machinery the American Association for Artificial Intelligence the Association for Computational Linguistics and the Information Processing Society of Japan the Society for Software Science and Technology the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence and the Association for Natural Language Processing of Japan. Nonmember

In an attempt to propose a robust method for understanding natural language (NL) interface commands, a scheme is proposed that infers intentions from an indirect speech-act that does not express users' real intentions explicitly. This method classifies the real intentions of the indirect speech-act into: 1) refusal;2) reversal;3) restriction;4) benefit;and 5) disability. Further, concepts are abstracted for operations, e.g., displaying, moving, and deleting information systems;and constructing the operation knowledge base. This knowledge based comprises operational concepts and the relationships between them. These relationships are assigned the foregoing classifications for intentions. In addition, we construct the knowledge base of objects for the target of operations, e.g., files, figures, strings. This knowledge base contains the relationships: a) antonym;b) exclusive;c) part-of, between the objects;and uses these relations to infer the transitions between the objects. An algorithm is the proposed to infer concepts for operations and concepts for target objects of operations that may represent the user's actual intentions. This proposal scheme was tested with requests on UNIX and a commercially available Japanese Word Processor. The system successfully inferred the intentions for approximately 80 percent of the user's indirect speech-act.

关键词： natural language interface indirect speech act inference of intention

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Modeling surfaces of arbitrary topology using manifolds 95

Modeling surfaces of arbitrary topology using manifolds

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Proceedings of the 22nd Annual ACM Conference on computer graphics and Interactive Techniques

作者： Grimm, Cindy M. Hughes, John F. The Science and Technology Center for Computer Graphics and Scientific Visualization

ISBN: (纸本)9780897917018

We describe an extension of B-splines to surfaces of arbitrary topology, including arbitrary boundaries. The technique inherits many of the properties of B-splines: local control, a compact representation, and guaranteed continuity of arbitrary degree. The surface is specified using a polyhedral control mesh instead of a rectangular one;the resulting surface approximates the polyhedral mesh much as a B-spline approximates its rectangular control mesh. Like a B-spline, the surface is a single, continuous object. This is achieved by modeling the domain of the surface with a manifold whose topology matches that of the polyhedral mesh, then embedding this domain into 3-space using a basis-function/control-point formulation. We provide a constructive approach to building a manifold.

关键词： computer graphics

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The virtual tricorder: a uniform interface for virtual reality 95

The virtual tricorder: a uniform interface for virtual reali...

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Proceedings of the 8th annual ACM symposium on User interface and software technology

作者： Matthias M. Wloka Eliot Greenfield Science and Technology Center for Computer Graphics and Scientific Visualization Brown University Site Department of Computer Science Box 1910 Providence RI

No abstract available.

ISBN: (纸本)9780897917094

No abstract available.

关键词： user-interface metaphor 3D user interface tactile feedback immersive virtual reality

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Hierarchical description of two dimensional shapes using a genetic algorithm

Hierarchical description of two dimensional shapes using a g...

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IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Peisuei Lee T. Nagao Computer Graphics Course Nippon Electronics College Tokyo Japan Imaging Science and Engineering Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan

A description method for arbitrary two dimensional shapes is proposed in this paper. When a 2D shape is given as a silhouette, its structure is automatically approximated by the use of a set of rectangles by the proposed method. Sizes, positions and rotational angles of the rectangles which approximate adequately the given 2D shape are searched by a genetic algorithm; GA. In our coding of GA, a chromosome of each individual is a bit string corresponding to parameter sets of several rectangles. Through a generation iteration, accuracy of approximation of the given 2D shape is improved. The total number of rectangles to be used for description is assumed to be given before shape description. By changing the total number of rectangles, hierarchical description of given 2D shapes is achieved. This method can be applied to shape description and object recognition in the field of computer vision and to abstraction of 2D shapes in the field of artistic applications by the use of computers.

关键词： Shape Genetic algorithms computer vision Art computer graphics Educational institutions Genetic engineering Laboratories Biological cells Object recognition

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FAULT-TOLERANT ASSOCIATE MEMORIES

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SYSTEMS AND computerS IN JAPAN 1995年第7期26卷 1-12页

作者： FUJIWARA, E TANAKA, T Member Faculty of Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan 152 Eui Fujiwara:received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electronics Engineering in 1968 and 1970 respectively and his Dr. of Eng. degree in 1981 all from Tokyo Institute of Technology. In 1970 he joined the NTT Musashino Electrical Communication Laboratories and engaged in developing PIPS-1 and PIPS-11 computer systems. In 1988 he joined the Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology as an Associate Professor. In 1990 he became a full Professor. He was a Visiting Professor at the Center for Advanced Computer Studies the University of Southwestern Louisiana from June 1985 to July 1986. His current research interests include coding theory for computers fault-tolerant memories VLSI defect-toleranceand WSI systems. He is a co-author ofError Control Coding for Computer Systems(Prentice-Hall1989) EssentiaLF of Error-Correcting Coding Techniques (Academic Press 1990) and other books. Dr. Fujiwara received the Young Engineer Award from the I.E.I.C.E. in 1978 and the Teshima Memorial Research Award in 1991. He is a senior member of the IEEE and a member of the Information Processing Society Japan. Associate Member

Because of its capability of high-speed search, the associative memory (CAM) is expected to be used in a variety of information processing systems. In this paper, novel fault-tolerant techniques which are effective for on-line use are proposed for TLB which is an example of the application of CAM. First, fault and error models of the TLB consisting of the CAM part and the SRAM part are clarified. Then, the fault-tolerant techniques for these faults and errors, such as distance separable technique, cod-ing technique, simplified 1-out-of-n check and graceful degradation, are proposed. The distance separable technique which encodes the data stored in the CAM part is the one which masks the faulty CAM part and prevents errors from propagating to the subsequent circuits. The coding technique checks the one-to-one correspondence between the data in the CAM and those in SRAM by using the SEC-DED code with byte error detection capability, i.e., SEC-DED-SbED code, and at the same time it detects and corrects errors in the data stored in SRAM. The simplified 1-out-of-n check processes association errors. The graceful degradation gives a flag in the faulty memory section and prevents it from being used. The methods proposed in this paper are evaluated from area augmentation and error detection capability perspectives. The results show that the fault-tolerant TLB with 32 virtual address bits, 32 physical address bits and 128 entries gives single fault detection probability of nearly 99 percent with 28 percent area increase.

关键词： CAM TLB DISTANCE SEPARABLE TECHNIQUE CODING TECHNIQUE SIMPLIFIED 1-OUT-OF-N CHECK GRACEFUL DEGRADATION

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