Recent discoveries of earth-sized planets transiting nearby M dwarfs have made it possible to characterize the atmospheres of terrestrial planets via follow-up spectroscopic observations. However, the number of such p...
We are proud to publish a special issue of Fungal Diversity in honour of the contributions made by erio Camporesi,who has promoted mycological research as a prodigious amateur mycologist and collector of *** special i...
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We are proud to publish a special issue of Fungal Diversity in honour of the contributions made by erio Camporesi,who has promoted mycological research as a prodigious amateur mycologist and collector of *** special issue includes Fungal Diversity notes 11,with many taxa named in erio’s honour and a monograph of hyaline-spored Coelomycetes,both incorporating many of erio’s collections.
High-latitude (|b| > 30◦) molecular clouds have virial parameters that exceed 1, but whether these clouds can form stars has not been studied systematically. Using JCMT SCUBA-2 archival data, we surveyed 70 fields ...
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We report on the population properties of compact binary mergers inferred from gravitational-wave observations of these systems during the first three LIGO-Virgo observing runs. The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalo...
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We report on the population properties of compact binary mergers inferred from gravitational-wave observations of these systems during the first three LIGO-Virgo observing runs. The Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 3 (GWTC-3) contains signals consistent with three classes of binary mergers: binary black hole, binary neutron star, and neutron star–black hole mergers. We infer the binary neutron star merger rate to be between 10 and 1700 Gpc−3 yr−1 and the neutron star–black hole merger rate to be between 7.8 and 140 Gpc−3 yr−1, assuming a constant rate density in the comoving frame and taking the union of 90% credible intervals for methods used in this work. We infer the binary black hole merger rate, allowing for evolution with redshift, to be between 17.9 and 44 Gpc−3 yr−1 at a fiducial redshift (z=0.2). The rate of binary black hole mergers is observed to increase with redshift at a rate proportional to (1+z)κ with κ=2.9−1.8+1.7 for z≲1. Using both binary neutron star and neutron star–black hole binaries, we obtain a broad, relatively flat neutron star mass distribution extending from 1.2−0.2+0.1 to 2.0−0.3+0.3M⊙. We confidently determine that the merger rate as a function of mass sharply declines after theexpected maximum neutron star mass, but cannot yet confirm or rule out theexistence of a lower mass gap between neutron stars and black holes. We also find the binary black hole mass distribution has localized over- and underdensities relative to a power-law distribution, with peaks emerging at chirp masses of 8.3−0.5+0.3 and 27.9−1.8+1.9M⊙. While we continue to find that the mass distribution of a binary’s more massive component strongly decreases as a function of primary mass, we observe no evidence of a strongly suppressed merger rate above approximately 60M⊙, which would indicate the presence of a upper mass gap. Observed black hole spins are small, with half of spin magnitudes below χi≈0.25. While the majority of spins are preferentially aligned wi
Compact objects and supernova remnants provide nearby laboratories to probe the fate of stars after they die, and the way they impact, and are impacted by, their surrounding medium. The past five decades have signific...
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High-latitude (\b\ > 30°) molecular clouds have virial parameters that exceed 1, but whether these clouds can form stars has not been studied systematically. Using JCMT SCUBA-2 archival data, we surveyed 70 fi...
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This study presents the outcomes of the shared task competition BioCreative VII (Task 3) focusing on theextraction of medication names from a Twitter user's publicly available tweets (the user's 'timeline...
This study presents the outcomes of the shared task competition BioCreative VII (Task 3) focusing on theextraction of medication names from a Twitter user's publicly available tweets (the user's 'timeline'). In general, detecting health-related tweets is notoriously challenging for natural language processing tools. The main challenge, aside from the informality of the language used, is that people tweet about any and all topics, and most of their tweets are not related to health. Thus, finding those tweets in a user's timeline that mention specific health-related concepts such as medications requires addressing extreme imbalance. Task 3 called for detecting tweets in a user's timeline that mentions a medication name and, for each detected mention, extracting its span. The organizers made available a corpus consisting of 182 049 tweets publicly posted by 212 Twitter users with all medication mentions manually annotated. The corpus exhibits the natural distribution of positive tweets, with only 442 tweets (0.2%) mentioning a medication. This task was an opportunity for participants to evaluate methods that are robust to class imbalance beyond the simple lexical match. A total of 65 teams registered, and 16 teams submitted a system run. This study summarizes the corpus created by the organizers and the approaches taken by the participating teams for this challenge. The corpus is freely available at https://***/tasks/biocreative-vii/track-3/. The methods and the results of the competing systems are analyzed with a focus on the approaches taken for learning from class-imbalanced data.
In April to May 2023, the SU PeRBIT telescope was lifted to theearth’s stratosphere by a helium-filled super-pressure balloon, to acquire astronomical imaging from above (99.5% of) theearth’s atmosphere. It was la...
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Students' online judgmental standards and strategies of searching may vary in different domains; therefore,it may be beneficial for medical educators to better understand medical students' online judgm...
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Students' online judgmental standards and strategies of searching may vary in different domains; therefore,it may be beneficial for medical educators to better understand medical students' online judgmental standards and strategies of searching regarding medicine *** main purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between medical graduate students' online judgmental standards of searching for literature and their searching strategies.A total of 178 medical graduate students from four medical colleges in taiwan were surveyed with the Online Judgmental Standards of Searching for Literature Questionnaire(OJSSLQ)(i.e.,Multiple Sources,Authority,Content,Quantitative Indicator,Clarity,and ease of Access)and the Online Literature Searching Strategies Questionnaire(OLSSQ)(i.e.,Integration,Judgment and Reflection,and Match).Through exploratory factor analyses,this study confirmed the reliability and validity of the OJSSLQ and *** means of correlation analysis,it was found that some relationships existing between students' medical graduate students' online judgmental standards of searching for literature and their online literature searching *** the regression analysis was utilized to predict the students' online literature searching strategies by online judgmental standards of searching for literature.
The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) describes signals detected with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo up to theend of their third observing run. Updating the previous GWTC-2.1, we present candidate...
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The third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) describes signals detected with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo up to theend of their third observing run. Updating the previous GWTC-2.1, we present candidate gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences during the second half of the third observing run (O3b) between 1 November 2019, 15∶00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and 27 March 2020, 17∶00 UTC. There are 35 compact binary coalescence candidates identified by at least one of our search algorithms with a probability of astrophysical origin pastro>0.5. Of these, 18 were previously reported as low-latency public alerts, and 17 are reported here for the first time. Based upon estimates for the component masses, our O3b candidates with pastro>0.5 are consistent with gravitational-wave signals from binary black holes or neutron-star–black-hole binaries, and we identify none from binary neutron stars. However, from the gravitational-wave data alone, we are not able to measure matter effects that distinguish whether the binary components are neutron stars or black holes. The range of inferred component masses is similar to that found with previous catalogs, but the O3b candidates include the first confident observations of neutron-star–black-hole binaries. Including the 35 candidates from O3b in addition to those from GWTC-2.1, GWTC-3 contains 90 candidates found by our analysis with pastro>0.5 across the first three observing runs. These observations of compact binary coalescences present an unprecedented view of the properties of black holes and neutron stars.
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