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Triglycerides constituted of short and medium chain fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids in Momordica charantia, as well as capric acid, inhibit PGe₂ production in RAW264.7 macrophages

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Food Chemistry 2009年第2期117卷 306-311页

作者： Wu, Wen-Huey Lin, Bi-Yu Kuo, Yueh-Hsiung Huang, Ching-jang Graduate Program of Nutrition Department of Human Development and Family Studies National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 106 162 Sec. 1 Hoping E. Rd Taiwan Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine College of Pharmacy China Medical University Taichung 404 91 Hsueh-Shih Rd Taiwan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Biochemical Science and Technology Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry National Taiwan University Taipei 106 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd Taiwan

This study was aimed to identify compounds in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) ethyl acetate extract (eAe), which inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin e2 (PGe2) production in RAW264.7 cells. Bitter gourd... 详细信息

This study was aimed to identify compounds in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) ethyl acetate extract (eAe), which inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin e₂ (PGe₂) production in RAW264.7 cells. Bitter gourd eAe was partitioned between n-hexane and methanol/H₂O (90/10). The hexane fraction was further separated by repeated silica gel chromatographies, and a reverse phase (RP) C18 chromatography. Fraction RP-10 showed the highest inhibition effect on PGe₂ production (Max inhibition = 96%, IC₅₀ = 2.3 μg/ml) and was identified to be triglycerides constituted of short and medium chain fatty acids by ¹H NMR, IR and H-HCOSY, and dicarboxylic acids by GC/MS. Fatty acids with 3-20 carbons were tested for the inhibitory activity, and capric acid exhibited the highest effect (Max inhibition = 99%, IC₅₀ = 6.5 μM). In conclusion, triglycerides composed of short and medium chain fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids in bitter gourd inhibit PGe₂ production, and capric acid is the most potent inhibitor among the fatty acids. © 2009 elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bitter gourd Capric acid Macrophages Momordica charantia Prostaglandin e2

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Impulsive synchronization of chaotic systems via linear matrix inequality approach

Impulsive synchronization of chaotic systems via linear matr...

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Ieee International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control

作者： Cheng-Feng Chu Jui-Sheng Lin Meei-Ling Hung Teh-Lu Liao Yi-You Houc Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Engineering Science Far East University Tainan Taiwan R.O.C. Medical Electronics and Device Technology Center Southern Program Office Industrial Technology Research Institute Tainan Taiwan R.O.C.

The aim of this paper is to propose an impulsive controller which is to guarantee the asymptotic synchronization of the master and slave chaotic systems. The impulsive controller is derived on the basis of the Lyapunov theory and the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the main results.

关键词： Chaos Linear matrix inequalities Chaotic communication Symmetric matrices Sliding mode control Control systems Biomedical engineering Master-slave Communication system control Industrial electronics

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eRRATUM: 'MULTI-WAVeLeNGTH OBSeRVATIONS OF THe FLARING GAMMA-RAY BLAZAR 3C 66A IN 2008 OCTOBeR' (2011, ApJ, 726, 43)

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The Astrophysical Journal 2011年第1期731卷

作者： A. A. Abdo M. Ackermann M. Ajello L. Baldini J. Ballet G. Barbiellini D. Bastieri K. Bechtol R. Bellazzini B. Berenji R. D. Blandford e. Bonamente A. W. Borgland A. Bouvier J. Bregeon A. Brez M. Brigida P. Bruel R. Buehler S. Buson G. A. Caliandro R. A. Cameron P. A. Caraveo S. Carrigan J. M. Casandjian e. Cavazzuti C. Cecchi Ö. Çelik e. Charles A. Chekhtman C. C. Cheung J. Chiang S. Ciprini R. Claus J. Cohen-Tanugi J. Conrad L. Costamante S. Cutini D. S. Davis C.D. Dermer F. de Palma S. W. Digel e. do Couto e Silva P. S. Drell R. Dubois D. Dumora C. Favuzzi S. J. Fegan P. Fortin M. Frailis L. Fuhrmann Y. Fukazawa S. Funk P. Fusco F. Gargano D. Gasparrini N. Gehrels S. Germani N. Giglietto P. Giommi F. Giordano M. Giroletti T. Glanzman G. Godfrey I. A. Grenier J. e. Grove L. Guillemot S. Guiriec D. Hadasch M. Hayashida e. Hays D. Horan R. e. Hughes R. Itoh G. Jóhannesson A. S. Johnson T. J. Johnson W.N. Johnson T. Kamae H. Katagiri J. Kataoka J. Knödlseder M. Kuss J. Lande L. Latronico S.-H. Lee F. Longo F. Loparco B. Lott M. N. Lovellette P. Lubrano A. Makeev M. N. Mazziotta J.e. Mcenery J. Mehault P. F. Michelson T. Mizuno A. A. Moiseev C. Monte M. e. Monzani A. Morselli I. V. Moskalenko S. Murgia T. Nakamori M. Naumann-Godo I. Nestoras P. L. Nolan J.P. Norris e. Nuss T. Ohsugi A. Okumura N. Omodei e. Orlando J. F. Ormes M. Ozaki D. Paneque J.H. Panetta D. Parent V. Pelassa M. Pepe M. Pesce-Rollins F. Piron T. A. Porter S. Rainò R. Rando M. Razzano A. Reimer O. Reimer L. C. Reyes J. Ripken S. Ritz R. W. Romani M. Roth H. F.-W. Sadrozinski D. Sanchez A. Sander J. D. Scargle C. Sgrò M. S. Shaw P. D. Smith G. Spandre P. Spinelli M. S. Strickman D.J. Suson H. Takahashi T. Tanaka J. B. Thayer J. G. Thayer D. J. Thompson L. Tibaldo D. F. Torres G. Tosti A. Tramacere T. L. Usher J. Vandenbroucke V. Vasileiou N. Vilchez V. Vitale A. P. Waite P. Wang B. L. Winer K. S. Wood Z. Yang T. Ylinen M. Ziegler ((The Fermi-LAT Collaboration)) V. A. Acciari e. Aliu T. Arlen T. Aune M. Beilicke W. Benbow M. Böttcher D. Boltuch S.M. Space Science Division Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC 20375 USA National Research Council Research Associate National Academy of Sciences Washington DC 20001 USA W. W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Laboratoire AIM CEA-IRFU/CNRS/Université Paris Diderot Service d'Astrophysique CEA Saclay 91191 Gif sur Yvette France Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Trieste I-34127 Trieste Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Trieste I-34127 Trieste Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova I-35131 Padova Italy Dipartimento di Fisica 'G. Galilei ' Università di Padova I-35131 Padova Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi di Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy Dipartimento di Fisica 'M. Merlin' dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari I-70126 Bari Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Bari 70126 Bari Italy Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet École polytechnique CNRS/IN2P3 Palaiseau France Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC-CSIC) Campus UAB 08193 Barcelona Spain INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica I-20133 Milano Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) Science Data Center I-00044 Frascati (Roma) Italy NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology (CRESST) and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA Department of Physics and Center for Space Sciences and Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 USA George Mason University Fairfax VA 22030 USA Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Astroparticules Université Montpellier 2 CNRS/IN2P3 Montpellier

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華文地區數位出版產業發展之探討以臺灣和大陸爲例

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教育资料与图书馆学 2008年第2期46卷 267-292页

作者：陳雪華林維萱 Professor Department of Library and Information Science National Taiwan University Research Assistant Taiwan e-Learning & Digital Archives Program National Science Council

华文风潮兴起，数位出版的特性有助於相关文化传播。本研究采用文献分析与深度访谈的方式，探讨华文的主要地区－台湾与中国大陆数位出版产业情况，进而从四个构面（技术、授权模式、内容、经营模式）切入，分析比较台湾与中国大陆在发... 详细信息

华文风潮兴起，数位出版的特性有助於相关文化传播。本研究采用文献分析与深度访谈的方式，探讨华文的主要地区－台湾与中国大陆数位出版产业情况，进而从四个构面（技术、授权模式、内容、经营模式）切入，分析比较台湾与中国大陆在发展数位出版产业的优势与劣势。

关键词：數位出版華文地區臺灣中國大陸

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Quantitative and qualitative results of the national program for e-learning in taiwan

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WSeAS Transactions on Computers 2007年第3期6卷 546-551页

作者： Chang, Maiga Wang, Chin-Yeh Chen, Gwo-Dong National Science and Technology Program for e-Learning in Taiwan 300 Jhongda Rd. Chung-Li 32001 Taiwan Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Central Univ. 300 Jhongda Rd. Chung-Li 32001 Taiwan

This paper provides an overview of quantitative and qualitative outcome of the national program for e-learning in taiwan (eLNP for short). The national program was planned and initiated in 2002 by the national science Council. taiwan government wished to promote e-learning industry and make all people have same opportunity to learn knowledge via e-learning. A five-year national program for e-learning started from 2003. This paper shows both of quantitative and qualitative outcomes of national program in the past four years from four different ways: public welfare, academic researching output, e-learning industry, technological results.

关键词： e-learning

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Sending the most appropriate feedbacks to students

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WSeAS Transactions on Information science and Applications 2007年第3期4卷 584-591页

作者： Kuo, Rita Hsieh, Athena Chang, Maiga Heh, Jia-Sheng Department of Electronic Engineering Chung-Yuan Christian University No.200 Chung Pei Rd. Chung Li 32023 Taiwan Dep. of Information and Computer Engineering Chung-Yuan Christian University No.200 Chung Pei Rd. Chung Li 32023 Taiwan National Science and Technology Program for e-Learning in Taiwan No.300 Jungda-Rd. Chung-Li 32001 Taiwan

It is important for students getting suitable feedback information when either they are doing or completing a learning activity. This research tries to know what kind of feedback message is really useful to students. For this purpose, this paper develops a workable e-learning environment with feedback mechanism to gather the learning effects of students with different kinds of feedbacks. The experiment involves five fifth-grade classes and divides five classes into three different groups. The students in the control group have no feedback and students in the other two groups have different kinds of feedback messages. The analysis of experiment data contains two parts: the first one evaluates the feedback efficiencies for all groups;and, then all students will be separated into three clusters based on their academic achievement in order to do further analysis.

关键词： Feedback

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Using internet technology to make students learning better in video/audio design course

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WSeAS Transactions on Computers 2007年第3期6卷 433-440页

作者： Lien, Wei-Peng Chang, Maiga Chu, Ko-Kang Dept. of Visual Communication Design Shu-Te University 59 Hun-Shan Rd. Yen-Chau Kaohsiung County 82445 Taiwan National Science and Technology Program for E-Learning in Taiwan 300 Jhongda Rd. Chung-Li 32001 Taiwan Dept. of Management Information Systems Chung-Yuan Christian University 200 Chung-Pei Rd. Chung-Li 32023 Taiwan

Teachers in a traditional video/audio design course usually divide students into small groups and ask every group doing a short film as semester project. The semester grades are given by teachers according to the project quality and how well that students apply the knowledge they had learned from the classes. This paper describes that how the internet technology can be applied to such traditional video/audio design course to make students learning better. The experiment involves two classes. Students in different classes do not know each others, since these two classes belong to the day-school and night-school respectively. Therefore, these two classes are seen as the experiment Group (eG) and Traditional Group (TG) for proving the differences of the learning effects between those students (eG students) whose course is internet technology-enhanced and those students (TG students) whose course is classical one.

关键词： e-learning

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Delivering Context-aware learning Guidance in the Mobile learning environment based on Information Theory

Delivering Context-aware Learning Guidance in the Mobile Lea...

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International Conference on Advanced learning Technologies (ICALT)

作者： Rita Kuo Min-Chang Wu Alex Chang Maiga Chang Jia-Sheng Heh Department of Electronic Engineer Chung Yuan Christian University Taiwan Department of Information and Computer Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Taiwan Program Office of National Science and Technology Program for Learning in Taiwan Taiwan

Mobile learning makes students get the advantages of both traditional learning and e-learning. How to give students learning sequence suggestions in the mobile learning environment is a big issue and is also the goal of this paper. This research uses knowledge map to store the characteristics of each learning object and designs a situated map to represent spatial knowledge in the mobile learning environment. By using these two knowledge structures, knowledge map and situated map, the system created by this research can generate various navigation sentences and ask students to observe the characteristics of learning objects. This research also takes information theory into consideration in order to decide which navigation sentence should deliver to the student first. The system calculates the entropy for each generated sentence and finds the most appropriate one to deliver to the student. At the end of this paper, an experiment system is implemented for the 5th year biology course, Plant Observation.

关键词： Information theory Navigation electronic learning Mobile computing Knowledge representation Humans Cognition Personal digital assistants US Department of Transportation Sequences

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Abstracts for the 6th Congress of Asian Sleep Research Society

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Sleep and Biological Rhythms 2009年第4期7卷 A1-A49页

作者： Seog Ju Kim In Kyoon Lyoo Yu-Jin Lee Do-Un Jeong Hirohiko Kanai Masanori Ookubo Atsushi Yoshimura Masako Okawa Noto Yamada Takeshi Munezawa Yoshitaka Kaneita Yoneatsu Osaki Hideyuki Kanda Tadahiro Ohtsu Masumi Minowa Kenji Suzuki Susumu Hijuchi Hiroyuki Suzuki Takashi Ohida Takashi Abe Yoko Komada Shoichi Asaoka Yuichi Inoue Jin-Seong Lee Sang-Yong Cho Deependra Kumar Hruda N. Mallick Velayudhan M. Kumar Mahesh K. Kaushik Akihiro Karashima Noiihiro Katayama Mitsuyuki Nakao Ravindra P. Nagendra Sathiamma Sulekha Sathyaprabha T. Narasappa Pradhan Nityanadan Bindu M. Kutty M. Nirmala P. N. Ravindra Basavaraj Ramappa Tubaki T. N. Sathyaprabha D. Sudhakar G. S. Lavekar C. R. Chandrashekar Kazuyoshi Kitaoka Mika Shimizu Sachiko Chikahisa Kazuo Yoshizaki Hiroyoshi Sei Jong-Won Kim Misa Takegami Shin Yamazaki Yasuaki Hayashino Rei Ono Koji Otani Miho Sekiguchi Shinichi Konno Shunichi Fukuhara Antonia J. Jakobson Paul Fitzgerald Russell Conduit Xin Shirley Li Siu Ping Joyce Lam Wai Man Mandy Yu Yun Kwok Wing Kazue Okamoto-Mizuno Koh Mizuno Mituaki Yamamoto Shuichiro Shirakawa Hirokazu Doi Mikako Kato Kazuyuki Shinohara Masako Tamaki Shiori Matsuda Katsuo Yamazaki Tadao Hori Keiko Ogawa Kazumi Takahashi Kunio Kitahama Katuo Yamazaki Yoshimasa Koyama Kohei Shioda Yugo Ueda Yukiko Nakamura Clara Inoue Kazushige Goto Sunao Uchida Yuko Morita Yoshiko Honda Tohru Kodama Mari Hagihara Toru Nakajima Masato Saito Yoshihiko Koga Shinichiro Tanaka Hiroshi Yamadera Madoka Takahara Sachiko Suwa Minoru Onozuka Sadao Sato Fumiharu Togo Taiki Komatsu Takeshi Mitani Jongbae Choi Bin Zhang Taeko Sasai Hiromi Mitsubayashi Mitsuhiro Ohtsu Isao Hasegawa Tatsuya Ishii Akira Komori Asami Suzuki Yue Nakahara Mitsuyasu Hiroki Mariko Nakauma Nobuo Someya Tomomasa Ochiai Shouhei Komori Rayleigh Ping-Ying Chiang Zai-Ting Yeh Seong T. Kim Seung H. Yoon Jeong S. Kwon Jong H. Choi Hyung J. Ahn Youngsoo Kim Bolortuya Yunren Lichao Chen Radhika Basheer Robert W. Mccarley Robert e. Strecker Makoto Honda Tetsuaki Arai Miyuki Fukazawa Yutaka Honda Kuniaki T Department of Psychiatry Gachon University of Medicine and Science Incheon Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Neuropsychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Neuropsychiatry Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry Shiga University of Medical Science Otsu Japan Division of Public Health Department of Social Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Department of Public Health Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine Department of Social Medicine Faculty of Medicine Tottori University Yonago Japan Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan Department of Public Health Showa University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Faculty of Humanities Seitoku University Matsudo Japan Section on Behavioral Science Division of Clinical Research National Hospital Organization Kurihama Alcoholism Center Yokosuka Japan Department of Otolaryngology Second Hospital Fujita Health University Nagoya Japan National Hospital Organization Kurihama Alcoholism Center Kanagawa Japan Metropolitan Police Department Criminal Investigation Laboratory Tokyo Japan Japan Somnology Center Neuropsychiatrie Research Institute Tokyo Japan Department of Somnology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan Japan Somnology Center Neuropsychiatric Research Institute Tokyo Japan Department of Somnology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan Center for Sleep and Chronobiology Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Center for Sleep and Chronobiology Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Physiology Al

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Toward a Global Biodiversity Observing System

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science 2008年第5892期321卷 1044-1045页

作者： R. J. Scholes G. M. Mace W. Turner G. N. Geller N. Jürgens A. Larigauderie D. Muchoney B. A. Walther H. A. Mooney Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Natural Resources and Environment Post Office Box 395 Pretoria 0001 South Africa. Centre for Population Biology National Environment Research Council Imperial College London Silwood Park Ascot Berkshire SL5 7PY UK. Earth Science Division U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Headquarters 300 E Street S.W. Washington DC 20546-0001 USA. NASA Ecological Forecasting Program Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology MS171-264 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena CA 91109-8099 USA. University of Hamburg BioCentre Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden Ohnhorststrasse 18 22609 Hamburg Germany. DIVERSITAS Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle Maison Buffon 57 rue Cuvier-Case Postale 41 75231 Paris Cedex 05 France. Group on Earth Observations (GEO) 7 bis avenue de la Paix Case Postale 2300 CH-1211 Geneva 2 Switzerland. Department of Biological Sciences Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA.

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