作者:
MENSH, DRKITE, RSDARBY, PHDennis Roy Mensh:is currently the task leader
Interoperability Project with the MITRE Corporation in McLean Va. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in applied physics from Loyola College in Baltimore Md. and the American University in Washington D. C. He also has completed his course work towards his Ph.D. degree in computer science specializing in the fields of systems analysis and computer simulation. He has been employed by the Naval Surface Warfare Center White Oak Laboratory Silver Spring Md. for 20 years in the areas of weapon system analysis and the development of weapon systems simulations. Since 1978 he has been involved in the development of tools and methodologies that can be applied to the solution of shipboard combat system/battle force system architecture and engineering problems. Mr. Mensh is a member of ASNE MORS IEEE U.S. Naval Institute MAA and the Sigma Xi Research Society. Robert S. Kite:is a systems engineer with the Naval Warfare Systems Engineering Department of the MITRE Corporation in McLean
Va. Mr. Kite received his B.S. degree in electronic engineering from The Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore Md. Mr. Kite retired from the Federal Communications Commission in 1979 and served a project manager of the J-12 Frequency Management Support Project for the Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute in Annapolis Md. before joining MITRE. Mr. Kite is presently a member of ASNE the Military Operations Research Society and an associate member of Sigma Xi. Paul H. Darby:has worked in the field of interoperability both in the development of interoperability concepts and systems since joining the Department of the Navy in 1967. He was the Navy's program manager for the WestPacNorth
TACS/ TADS and IFFN systems. He is currently head of the Interoperability Branch Warfare Systems Engineering Office Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command. He holds a B.S. from the U.S. Naval Academy.
JCS Pub 1 defines interoperability as “The ability of systems, units or forces to provide services to and accept services from other systems, units or forces and to use the services so exchanged to enable them to ope...
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JCS Pub 1 defines interoperability as “The ability of systems, units or forces to provide services to and accept services from other systems, units or forces and to use the services so exchanged to enable them to operate effectively together.” With JCS Pub 1 as a foundation, interoperability of systems, units or forces can be factored into a set of components that can quantify interoperability. These components are: media, languages, standards, requirements, environment, procedures, and human factors. The concept described in this paper uses these components as an analysis tool to enable specific detailed analyses of the interoperability of BFC3 systems, units, or forces for the purpose of uncovering and resolving interoperability issues and problems in the U.S. Navy, Joint, and Allied arenas. Also, as a management tool, the components can help determine potential interoperability characteristics of future U.S. Navy BFC3 systems for compliance with battle force systems architectures. The approach selected for the quantification of interoperability was the development of a set of measures of performance (MOPs) and measures of effectiveness (MOEs). The MOPs/MOEs were integrated with a candidate set of components, which were used to partition the totality of interoperability into measurable entities. The methodology described employs basic truth table theory in conjunction with logic equations to evaluate the interoperability components in terms of MOPs that were aggregated to MOEs. It is believed that this concept, although elementary and based on fundamental principles, represents an operationally significant approach rather than a theoretical approach to the quantification of interoperability. The vehicle used as a means to measure the MOPs and MOEs was the Research Evaluation and systems Analysis (RESA) computer modeling and simulation capability at the Naval Ocean systems Center (NOSC), San Diego, Calif. Data for the measurements were collected during a Tactical I
This paper documents an experiment performed by The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory to measure the effect of inserting a data bus into a combat system. The experiment was conducted at the Aegis Com...
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This paper documents an experiment performed by The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory to measure the effect of inserting a data bus into a combat system. The experiment was conducted at the Aegis computer Center located at the Naval Surface Weapons Center in Dahlgren, Virginia (NSWC/DL). The purpose of the experiment was to determine whether or not the Aegis Weapon system (the core of the Aegis Combat system) could be operated with a portion of its point-to-point interelement cables replaced by a data bus. The data bus chosen for the experiment employs message broadcasting with receiver selection. A primary goal of the experiment was to minimize the amount of Aegis computerprogram changes required to accommodate the data bus. The results presented in this paper will show that the experiment was a success. Key certification tests were passed with no computerprogram changes to the tactical elements and minimal changes in the Aegis tactical executive (ATES) program (less than 110 words changed).
作者:
CHICKERING, JEQUALLS, WBJohn E. Chickering:is a systems analyst with American Management Systems
Inc. in Arlington Virginia. Mr. Chickering received his BS degree in marine engineering from the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy in Kings Point New York in 1981 and his MBA degree in operations research and statistics from the University of Maryland in 1985. He is a licensed third assistant engineer of steam and motor vessels and a member of the Naval Reserve. Mr. Chickering's work includes the design and specification of several management information systems for the U.S. Navy including one that will automate the Navy's engineering drawing management system. Most recently Mr. Chickering has helped develop a workstation for the Navy's Paperless Ship Initiative. William B. Quails:is a management consultant with American Management Systems
Inc. in Arlington Virginia. Mr. Quails received his BA degree in English from the Tulane University in New Orleans Louisiana in 1977 and his MPA degree in management science from the University of Georgia in 1982. Mr. Quails participated in the design and development of the U.S. Navy's Shipboard Non-tactical ADP Program II (SNAP II). Recently Mr. Quails has participated in the design and development of several knowledge-based computer systems using artificial intelligence programming technologies. Mr. Quails is a member of Pi Alpha Alpha an honorary public affairs and administration society.
The U.S. Navy relies heavily on advanced technology to carry out its missions. As a consequence, today's sailors are spending increasing amounts of time maintaining and repairing complex systems and equipment. In ...
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The U.S. Navy relies heavily on advanced technology to carry out its missions. As a consequence, today's sailors are spending increasing amounts of time maintaining and repairing complex systems and equipment. In performing these duties, sailors depend on supporting technical documentation. As the complexity of systems and equipment grow, the volume and complexity of this technical documentation also increases. As a result, technical information, one of the Navy's critical resources, is simultaneously becoming more vital and more difficult to use. The Navy is meeting this challenge by exploring innovative approaches to the management of technical documentation. One example is the Paperless Ship Initiative, which employs optical disk technology as the primary means for document storage. Optical disks can store large volumes of technical information in a small space. One way to take advantage of this auto mated access is to make technical information more readily accessible and easier to use. As an example, a technical manual can be organized on an optical disk into discrete segments of text and indexed for fast retrieval by section, subsection, or paragraph. Furthermore, mechanisms can be developed which allow computer-supported links between logically related segments of the text. This style of interface allows a user to interact directly with the textual passages and to establish new organizational and referential links between them. This style of interface falls under the general category of hypertext (also known as linked text ). The combination of optical disk storage and hypertext offers new possibilities for improving access to large volumes of technical documentation while maintaining all of the advantages of traditional paper-based documentation. This paper begins with a discussion of the need for better technical documentation support. Alternatives that can fulfill this need are reviewed and the role of hypertext is described. The paper illustrates a sample
作者:
CARLSON, CMFIREMAN, HCraig M. Carlson:is a general engineer in the Computer Aided Engineering Division (SEA-507). He received his B.S. degree in naval architecture from the University of Michigan in 1970. In 1972
he was selected for the NAVSEC Hull Division's Long Term Training Program at the University of Michigan and received his M. S. E. degree in naval architecture in 1973. Additionally he has done graduate work in computer science at The Johns Hopkins University. Mr. Carlson began his career with the Naval Ship Engineering Center in 1970 where he worked in the Ship Arrangements Branch. While in ship arrangements he was task leader for the PGG PCG PHM and MCM ship designs. In addition he was project engineer for shipboard stowage ship space classification system and ship standard nomenclature. He was technical manager of the CASDAC arrangement subsystem and the CASDAC hull design system. In 1982 he joined what is now the Computer Aided Engineering Division. Currently he is the manager for the computer supported design version XX system. Besides ASNE which he joined in 1972 he is a member of SNA ME and the U.S. Naval Institute. Howard Fireman:is a naval architect in the Ship Arrangements Design Division (SEA-55W1). He received his B. S. E. degree in naval architecture from the University of Michigan in 1979. In 1983
he was selected for NavSea's Long Term Training Program at the University of Michigan and received his M. S. E. degree in naval architecture with a specialization in ship production and computer aided ship design in 1985. Mr. Fireman began his career with the Naval Ship Engineering Center in 1977 as an engineering cooperative student. Since graduating from the NavSea EIT program he has worked in the Ship Arrangements Design Division. He was task leader for the AOE-6 AE-36 T-AH ARS-SO and SWATH T-AGOS ship designs. He is technical manager of the CSD General Arrangement Design System and is currently the Hull Group CSD coordinator. Besides ASNE which he joined in 1979 he is a member of SNA ME ASE a
The ever increasing complexity of ships coupled with cost, schedule, and resource constraints require innovative methods by the Naval Sea systems Command's ship design community to meet this challenge. This paper ...
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The ever increasing complexity of ships coupled with cost, schedule, and resource constraints require innovative methods by the Naval Sea systems Command's ship design community to meet this challenge. This paper describes the effort by the NavSea Ship Arrangement Design Division to dramatically improve its ship design capability by the use of a system of computer-based design tools called the General Arrangement Design system. The General Arrangement Design system (GADS) is based on the engineering requirements of the ship arrangement design process. GADS is currently being used as a production engineering tool. This paper is organized into two parts. Part I describes the General Arrangement Design system, and Part II describes the general arrangement design methodology.
Performance analysis is the process of determining the predicted performance of a weapons system. It is generally used to examine predicted performance of systems in a variety of configurations and operational situati...
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Performance analysis is the process of determining the predicted performance of a weapons system. It is generally used to examine predicted performance of systems in a variety of configurations and operational situations; it is accomplished through a variety of techniques, from the computation of straightforward algebraic functions to complex computer simulations. Performance analysis is necessary throughout the life-cycle of weapons systems. It is used to help determine original requirements, for conceptual and detailed design, and to support operational planning and determine upgrade requirements. The development, maintenance, and consistent application of a set of system specific performance analysis methods have enhanced the development of many weapons systems. This paper is in the form of a tutorial on the application of performance analysis techniques, using the development of the Aegis weapons system as a source of examples, and stressing the value of performance analysis methods which have been designed specifically for the Aegis system.
作者:
STIMSON, WAMARSH, MTUTTICH, RMWilliam A. Stimsonreceived his B.S. degree in mathematics from the University of Texas at El Paso in 1964
and his M.S. degree in engineering from the University of Santa Clara in 1971. He served in the U.S. Army Artillery during the Korean Conflict and subsequently was employed at IBM Huntsville Alabama until 1968 where he worked in the design of automatic control systems of the Saturn vehicle. From 1968 until 1971 he was employed at Ames Research Center Moffett Field in the design of nonlinear control systems for sounding rockets and pencil-shaped spacecraft. Following this Mr. Stimson worked at Hewlett Packard Sunnyvale California as a test engineer in automatic test systems. Since 1973 Mr. Stimson has been employed at the Naval Ship Weapon Systems Engineering Station Port Hueneme. He was a ship qualification trials project supervisor for many years and is now serving as master ordnance repair deputy program manager. Mr. Stimson is a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers and is program chairman of the Channel Islands Section. Cdr. Michael T. Marsh
USNreceived a B.S. in mathematics from the University of Nebraska and was commissioned via the NESEP program in 1970. He holds an M.S. in computer science from the U.S. Navy Postgraduate School and an MBA from the State University of New York. Cdr. Marsh has served in the weapons department of USSFrancis Hammond (FF-1067) and of USSJohn S. McCain (DDG-36). He was weapons officer aboard USSSampson (DDG-10). As an engineering duty officer Cdr. Marsh was the technical design officer for PMS-399 at the FFG-7 Class Combat System Test Center from 1978 to 1982. He is presently combat system officer at SupShip Jacksonville and has been active in the MOR program since its inception. Cdr. Marsh is also the vice chairman of the Jacksonville Section of ASNE. LCdr. Richard M. Uttich
USNholds B.S. and M.S. degrees in mechanical engineering from Stanford University. He enlisted in the Navy in 1965 serving as an electronics technician aboard USSNereus (A
The 600-ship United States Navy offers private shipyards an unprecedented opportunity for overhaul of surface combatants with complex combat systems. Recognizing the new challenge associated with the overhaul of high ...
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The 600-ship United States Navy offers private shipyards an unprecedented opportunity for overhaul of surface combatants with complex combat systems. Recognizing the new challenge associated with the overhaul of high technology combat systems in the private sector, the Navy in 1983 established the master ordnance repair (MOR) program. This program, a joint effort of the Naval Sea systems Command (NAVSEA) and the Shipbuilders Council of America (SCA), was designed to identify and qualify those companies and private shipyards technically capable of managing combat systems work and conducting combat system testing. Standard Item 009–67 describes the role of the MOR company in combat system overhaul. It defines terms that are important to understanding the item itself, and imposes upon the prime contractor an obligation to utilize the MOR subcontractor in a managerial capacity. Specific tasks are assigned to the MOR company in planning, production, and testing. Finally, this standard item describes to the Navy planner how to estimate the size of the MOR team appropriate to the work package, a feature that will ensure that combat system bids are tailored to a specific availability.
作者:
STERN, HMETZGER, RHoward K. Stern:is presently vice president of Robotic Vision Systems
Inc. He received a bachelor of electrical engineering degree from College of the City of New York in 1960. Mr. Stern joined Dynell Electronics Corporation in 1971 and became part of the Robotic Vision Systems
Inc. staff at the time of its spin-off from Dynell. He was program manager of the various three-dimensional sensing and replication systems constructed by Dynell and Robotic Vision Systems. As program manager his responsibilities encompassed technical administrative and operational areas. The first two portrait sculpture studio systems and the first three replication systems built by Robotic Vision Systems Inc. were designed manufactured and operated under his direction. Before joining Dynell
Mr. Stern was a senior engineer at Instrument Systems Corporation and chief engineer of the Special Products Division of General Instrument Corporation. Prior to these positions Mr. Stern was chief engineer of Edo Commercial Corporation. At General Instrument and Edo Commercial he was responsible for the design and manufacture of military and commercial avionics equipment. Mr. Stern is presently responsible for directing the systems design and development for all of the company's programs.Robert J. Metzger:is currently engineering group leader at Robotic Vision Systems
Inc. He graduated summa cum laude from the Cooper Union in 1972 with a bachelor of electrical engineering degree. Under sponsorship of a National Science Foundation graduate fellowship he graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1974 with the degrees of electrical engineer and master of science (electrical engineering). In 1979 Mr. Metzger graduated from Polytechnic Institute of New York with the degree of master of science (computer science). Since 1974
Mr. Metzger has been actively engaged in the design of systems and software for noncontact threedimensional optical measurement for both military and commercial applications. Of particular note are his c
Ship's propellers are currently measured by manual procedures using pitchometers, templates and gauges. This measurement process is extremely tedious, labor intensive and time consuming. In an effort to provide in...
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Ship's propellers are currently measured by manual procedures using pitchometers, templates and gauges. This measurement process is extremely tedious, labor intensive and time consuming. In an effort to provide increased accuracy, repeatability and cost effectiveness in propeller manufacture, an automated propeller optical measurement system (APOMS) has been built which rapidly and automatically scans an entire ship's propeller using a 3-D vision sensor. This equipment is integrated with a propeller robotic automated templating system (PRATS) and the propeller optical finishing system (PROFS) which robotically template and grind the propeller to its final shape, using the APOMS-derived data for control feedback. The optical scanning and the final shape are both controlled by CAD/CAM data files describing the desired propeller shape. An automated propeller balancing system is incorporated into the PROFS equipment. The APOMS/PRATS/PROFS equipment is expected to provide lower propeller manufacturing costs.
Air cushion vehicles (ACVs) have operated successfully on commercial routes for about twenty years. The routes are normally quite short; the craft are equipped with radar and radio navigation aids and maintain continu...
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Air cushion vehicles (ACVs) have operated successfully on commercial routes for about twenty years. The routes are normally quite short; the craft are equipped with radar and radio navigation aids and maintain continuous contact with their terminals. Navigation of these craft, therefore, does not present any unusual difficulty. The introduction of air cushion vehicles into military service, however, can present a very different picture, especially when external navigation aids are not available and the craft must navigate by dead reckoning. This paper considers the problems involved when navigating a high-speed air cushion vehicle by dead reckoning in conditions of poor visibility. A method is presented to assess the ACV's navigational capability under these circumstances. A figure of merit is used to determine the sensitivity of factors which affect navigation such as the range of visibility, point-to-point distance, speed, turning radius and accuracy of onboard equipment. The method provides simplistic but adequate answers and can be used effectively to compare the-capability and cost of alternative navigation concepts.
作者:
PAIGE, KKCONVERSE, RAUSNLCdr. Kathleen K. Paige
USN:graduated with a BA from the University of New Hampshire in 1970. She received her commission from Officer Candidate School in April 1971 and performed her first tour of duty with VFP-63 NAS Miramar. LCdr. Paige then received her MS from the Naval Post Graduate School in June 1976 and returned to San Diego to serve as Head Support Software Division at the Fleet Combat Direction System Support Activity. In May 1981 she reported to NA VSEA (PMS-408) where she served initially as Chairman of the NAVMAT Software Engineering Environment Working Group. She has been assigned as Deputy AN/UYK-43 Acquisition Manager since October 1981. LCdr. Paige was designated a fully qualified Engineering Duty Officer in December 1983. Robert A. Converse:is presently the Acquisition Manager for the Ada Language System/Navy (ALS/N) for the Naval Sea Systems Command Tactical Embedded Computer Resources Project. As such
he is responsible for the definition and development of the ALS/N to be provided as a Navy standard computer programming system for Navy mission critical applications. Mr. Converse received a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from Wheaton College Wheaton II. He spent fourteen years with the Naval Underwater Systems Center Newport Rhode Island during which time he designed and developed the Fortran compiler for the Navy Standard AN/UYK-7 computer. Also during that period he received a Master of Science degree in Computer Science from the University of Rhode Island. His thesis for that degree was entitled “Optimization Techniques for the NUSC Fortran Cross-Compiler”. Mr. Converse started his involvement with the Ada program in 1975 with the initial “Strawman” requirements review. Subsequently he was named as the Navy Ada Distinguished Reviewer and was intimately involved in the selection and refinement of the Ada language as it evolved to become ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A.
The U.S. Navy introduced the use of digital computers in mission critical applications over a quarter of a century ago. Today, virtually every system in the current and planned Navy inventory makes extensive use of co...
The U.S. Navy introduced the use of digital computers in mission critical applications over a quarter of a century ago. Today, virtually every system in the current and planned Navy inventory makes extensive use of computer technology. computers embedded in mission critical Navy systems are integral to our strategic and tactical defense capabilities. Thus, the military power of the U.S. Navy is inextricably tied to the use of programmable digital computers. The computerprogram is the essential element that embodies the system “intelligence”. In addition, it provides the flexibility to respond to changing threats and requirements. However, this very flexibility and capability poses a host of difficulties hindering full realization of the advantages. This paper describes the lessons learned about computerprogram development over the past twenty five years and discusses a software engineering process that addresses these lessons. It then describes how Ada and its related Ada programming Support and Run-Time Environments foster this software engineering process to improve computerprogram productivity and achieve greater system reliability and adaptibility. Finally, the paper discusses how the use of Ada and its environments can enhance the interoperability and transferability of computerprograms among Navy projects and significantly reduce overall life cycle costs for Navy mission critical computerprograms.
作者:
DETOLLA, JPFLEMING, JRJoseph DeTolla:is a ship systems engineer in the Ship Systems Engineering Division
SEA 56D5 at the Naval Sea Systems Command. His career with the Navy started in 1965 at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard Design Division. In 1971 he transferred to the Naval Ship Engineering Center. He has held positions as a fluid systems design engineer and auxiliary systems design integration engineer. Mr. DeTolla has worked extensively in the synthesis and analysis of total energy systems notably the design development of the FFG-7 class waste heat recovery system. He is NA VSEA's machinery group computer supported design project coordinator and is managing the development of a machinery systems data base load forecasting algorithms and design analysis computer programs. Mr. DeTolla has a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from Drexel University and a master of engineering administration degree from George Washington University. He is a registered professional engineer in the District of Columbia and has written several technical papers on waste heat recovery and energy conservation. Jeffrey Fleming:is a senior project engineer in the Energy R&D Office at the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center. In his current position as group leader for the future fleet energy conservation portion of the Navy's energy R&D program
he is responsible for the identification and development of advanced components and subsystems which will lead to reductions in the fossil fuel consumption of future ships. Over the past several years he has also directed the development and application of total energy computer analysis techniques for the assessment of conventional and advanced shipboard machinery concepts. Mr. Fleming is a 1971 graduate electrical engineer of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and received his MS in electrical engineering from Johns Hopkins University in 1975. Mr. Fleming has authored various technical publications and was the recipient of the Severn Technical Society's “Best Technical Paper of the Year” award in 1
In support of the Navy's efforts to improve the energy usage of future ships and thereby to reduce fleet operating costs, a large scale computer model has been developed by the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and...
In support of the Navy's efforts to improve the energy usage of future ships and thereby to reduce fleet operating costs, a large scale computer model has been developed by the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center (DTNSRDC) to analyze the performance of shipboard energy systems for applications other than nuclear or oil-fired steam propulsion plants. This paper discusses the applications and utility of this computerprogram as a performance analysis tool for design of ship machinery systems. The program is a simulation model that performs a complete thermodynamic analysis of a user-specified energy system. It offers considerable flexibility in analyzing a variety of propulsion, electrical, and auxiliary plant configurations through a component building block structure. Component subroutines that model the performance of shipboard equipment such as engines, boilers, generators, and compressors are available from the program library. Component subroutines are selected and linked in the program to model the desired machinery plant functional configurations. The operation of the defined shipboard energy system may then be simulated over a user-specified scenario of temperature, time, and load profiles. The program output furnishes information on component operating characteristics and fuel demands, which allows evaluation of the total system performance.
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