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2023 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, ICEEI 2023

作者： Medyanto, Richard Sanjaya, Nicholas Liawatimena, Suryadiputra Binus Aso School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Automotive & Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program - Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350381290

Solar energy is one of the most abundant sources of renewable energy in Indonesia. Solar energy is now typically harnessed using solar panels, but the low efficiency of photovoltaic cells requires the development of other alternatives. The heliostat is a sunlight directing device with mirrors that can be used in a concentrated solar power system. Current heliostats require high capital investment due to their large frames and expensive components. This research was undertaken to develop a lower cost heliostat using a smaller frame, ESP32 microcontroller, servo motor and low-cost components. The position of the sun can be determined using an algorithm based on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) solar calculator, and the mirror is moved to maintain the sun's reflection on a target. The result of this research is a set of heliostat prototypes consisting of the frame and control system. Tests were carried out to test the performance of the designed heliostat and it was found that the heliostat has an accuracy of about 60 cm and can raise temperatures up to 3.41°C. The conclusion is that the heliostat can be used in a concentrated solar power system to heat boilers in solar power towers. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Solar energy

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Exploring Classification, Size, and Quality of Mangifera Indica L. Through Image Processing and AI Techniques 2

Exploring Classification, Size, and Quality of Mangifera Ind...

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2nd International Conference on Mechanics, Electronics, Automation and Automatic Control, MEAAC 2024

作者： Wanthong, Irin Sri-On, Theeraphat Seangsri, Soontaree Khaengkarn, Sorada Srisertpol, Jiraphon Mechatronics Engineering Program School of Mechanical Engineering Suranaree University of Technology Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering School of Engineering and Innovation Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok Chonburi Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685403

This paper introduces methods for efficiently classifying mangoes intended for export, a market valued at approximately 4,500 million baht annually. The classification process is divided into two primary components: size categorization and quality assessment. The first phase involves categorizing mango sizes into four distinct categories (M, 1L, 2L, 3L), while the second phase focuses on assessing mango quality, particularly detecting anthracnoseâ€"a prevalent disease affecting mangoes. This detection is achieved through image processing techniques, where images are converted into binary representations and analyzed using both Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Comparative analysis reveals that CNN outperforms ANN in size classification, achieving a remarkable train accuracy of 99.16% and a test accuracy of 88.0%. Furthermore, in quality classification, CNN demonstrates a train accuracy of 91.0% and a test accuracy of 88.0%. These findings underscore the effectiveness of CNN techniques in accurately classifying mangoes for export, thereby facilitating improved quality control and market competitiveness. Â© 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A YOLOv7-Based Method for Detecting Buttons in Service Robots during Autonomous Elevator-Taking Tasks

A YOLOv7-Based Method for Detecting Buttons in Service Robot...

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2023 International Conference on Advanced robotics and Intelligent Systems, ARIS 2023

作者： Chen, Ming-Hsin Huang, Wei-Hsiang Li, Tzuu-Hseng S. National Cheng Kung University Program on Ai Robotics AiRobots Lab. Tainan Taiwan Ncku AiRobots Lab. Dept. of Electrical Engineering Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302714

This paper presents a novel visual algorithm based on YOLOv7, designed to enhance the robustness of automated elevator-taking service robots in detecting elevator buttons. Traditional solutions for elevator interaction, such as image processing methods, feature selection, or wireless communication protocols, have inherent limitations related to communication security issues and additional equipment costs. In order to overcome these challenges, our method leverages a physical robotic arm and the YOLOv7 object detection neural network to improve the accuracy of elevator button detection and enable effective robot-elevator interaction. To identify elevator buttons, we employ single-stage object detection algorithms along with multiple cameras to capture comprehensive environmental information during experimental trials. By utilizing these techniques, our proposed method ensures the safety and reliability of the automated elevator-taking process for service robots. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm in accurately detecting elevator buttons across various testing scenarios. Overall, our method offers a more suitable solution for service robots to autonomously navigate elevators and perform their intended tasks. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Elevators

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RoboRover - A Jetson Nano Powered Robot Car for Object Following, Obstacle Avoidance, and Wall Following 14

RoboRover - A Jetson Nano Powered Robot Car for Object Follo...

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14th IEEE Annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference, UEMCON 2023

作者： Huynh, Trinh Walter, James Aveta, Federica University of Michigan Robotics Department Ann ArborMI48109 United States Wentworth Insitute of Technology Electrical and Computer Engineering Program BostonMA02115 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304138

An intelligent and self-sufficient robot is essential across a wide range of fields, including transportation, industry, space exploration, and defense. Mobile robots possess the capability to undertake diverse tasks such as handling materials, aiding in disaster scenarios, conducting patrols, and executing rescue operations. As a result, the development of an autonomous robot that can navigate through both unchanging and ever-changing surroundings has become important. The primary objective of mobile robot navigation revolves around ensuring the seamless and secure traversal of the robot through complex environments, starting from an initial position, and reaching a designated goal position. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Jetson Nano powered robot car which uses local sensors to interact with an unknown environment. Object following, obstacle avoidance, and wall following features are built for the car to navigate to reach its desired destinations. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile robots

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Smartphone-Based Orientation Estimation for Assisting the Visually Impaired in Lines

Smartphone-Based Orientation Estimation for Assisting the Vi...

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International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC)

作者： HARUTO TOKUDA MYAGMARDULAM BILGUUNMAA NOBORU TAKAGI YOTATO FUSE TATSUO MOTOYOSHI KEI SAWAI HIROYUKI MASUTA Graduate School of Intelligent Robotics Program Toyama Prefectural University Department of Data Science Toyama Prefectural University Department of Intelligent Robotics Toyama Prefectural University

ISBN: (数字)9798331528041

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528058

Standing in line poses a significant challenge for the visually impaired. Existing queue guidance systems, which recognize line locations and estimate personal orientation, require highspecification computers, making them impractical for everyday use. This study proposes a smartphone-based queue guidance system that leverages the device's camera and sensors to estimate personal orientation efficiently. By optimizing computationally efficient algorithms for smartphone hardware, we aim to create an accessible, cost-effective solution. This system will enhance the independence and mobility of visually impaired individuals, providing real-time guidance to navigate queues seamlessly. Initial testing indicates promising usability and accuracy, paving the way for broader implementation.

关键词： Accuracy Three-dimensional displays Navigation Estimation Skeleton Sensor systems Real-time systems Sensors Usability Testing

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Toward a COLREGs Compliant Autonomous Surface Vessel in a Constrained Channel

IEEE Transactions on Field Robotics

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IEEE Transactions on Field robotics 2024年 1卷 537-547页

作者： James Connor Meyers Thomas Sayre-Mccord Zhiyong Zhang Hanumant Singh Field Robotics Laboratory Northeastern University United States Coast Guard Boston MA USA MIT-WHOI Joint Program Boston MA USA Field Robotics Laboratory Northeastern University Boston MA USA

In this article, we look at the role of autonomous navigation in the maritime domain. Specifically, we examine how an autonomous surface vessel (ASV) can achieve obstacle avoidance based on the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (1972), or COLREGs, in real-world environments. Our ASV is equipped with a broadband marine radar, and an inertial navigation system (INS), and uses official electronic navigation charts (ENCs). These sensors are used to provide situational awareness, and, in a series of well-defined steps, we can exclude land objects from the radar data, extract tracks associated with moving vessels within range of the radar, and then use a Kalman filter to track and predict the motion of other moving vessels in the vicinity. A constant velocity model for the Kalman filter allows us to solve the data association to build a consistent model between successive radar scans. We account for multiple COLREGs situations based on the predicted relative motion. Finally, an efficient path planning algorithm is presented to find a path and publish waypoints to perform real-time COLREGs compliant autonomous navigation within highly constrained environments. We demonstrate the results of our framework with operational results collected over the course of a 3.4 nautical mile mission on the Charles River in Boston in which the ASV encountered and successfully navigated multiple scenarios and encounters with other moving vessels at close quarters.

关键词： Navigation Collision avoidance Robots Rivers Vehicle dynamics Sensors Radar tracking

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Deep Reinforcement Learning with Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction Model for Service Robot Navigation in Crowded Environments

Deep Reinforcement Learning with Pedestrian Trajectory Predi...

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2023 International Conference on Advanced robotics and Intelligent Systems, ARIS 2023

作者： Wang, Shih-Hao Wu, Yu-Hsiung Li, Tzuu-Hseng S. National Cheng Kung University Ms Degree Program on Ai Robotics AiRobots Laboratory Tainan Taiwan Ncku AiRobots Laboratory Dept. of Electrical Engineering Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302714

Safety and effectiveness are crucial considerations in the navigation of robots within crowded environments. Previous research in this field has predominantly focused on an omniscient approach, designing environments with exceptional obstacle avoidance capabilities. However, this approach fails to address the constraints imposed by real-world applications' limited field of view. Additionally, constructing a robot with a complete field of view can be prohibitively expensive. To tackle these challenges, this paper presents a novel approach that combines a social spatial-temporal graph convolutional neural network (Social-STGCN) with reinforcement learning (RL) to enhance crowd avoidance navigation. This approach offers a more practical and cost-effective solution. Simulations conducted to evaluate our proposed method demonstrate its effectiveness by achieving higher success rates and lower collision rates compared to existing approaches. These results confirm the efficiency and safety of our algorithm for crowd avoidance navigation. In practical applications, we employ the Intel RealSense L515 camera to capture depth and RGB image data, enabling the utilization of the Deep SORT algorithm for pedestrian tracking and recognition. This facilitates the acquisition of accurate position and speed information. To validate the performance of our system, we conducted robot experiments in real-world scenarios, including indoor corridors and elevator lobbies. The results obtained from these experiments clearly indicate that our proposed system successfully accomplishes navigation tasks with improved safety and effectiveness. In summary, this paper introduces an effective crowd avoidance navigation algorithm. By leveraging the Social-STGCN and RL techniques, our algorithm enables robots to navigate tasks with enhanced safety and efficiency, even when their field of view is limited. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Air navigation

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CNN-Based Task State Estimation for Safer Automation of Oxy-Fuel Metal Cutting 19

CNN-Based Task State Estimation for Safer Automation of Oxy-...

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19th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, CASE 2023

作者： Akl, James Kodate, Shreedhar Calli, Berk Worcester Polytechnic Institute Robotics Engineering Department WorcesterMA01609 United States Worcester Polytechnic Institute Data Science Program WorcesterMA01609 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320695

The industrial operation of oxy-fuel metal cutting via gas torches involves tasks such as ignition, preheating, and combustion along the target surface. Automated oxy-fuel cutting systems are exposed to risks and anomalies that can lead to incorrect actions and safety hazards. In this paper, we develop a classifier for online task state estimation to assess the cutting robot's actions, detect anomalies, and reduce the risk of hazards. Using representative footage from our robotic cutting experiments, we curate an image dataset labeled with four types of cutting task states. Using deep learning methods, we design and train a convolutional neural network model for classifying the cutting task state from input images. The classifier architecture is optimized for rapid inferences during online estimation. After evaluation, our classifier achieves an overall accuracy of 93.8 % with high inference speeds on two types of representative hardware. Our 'Oxy-fuel Cutting Task State' (OCTS) dataset is available at ***/10.5281/zenodo.7734951. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Online 3D Bin Packing for Novel Objects Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

Online 3D Bin Packing for Novel Objects Based on Deep Reinfo...

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2023 International Conference on Advanced robotics and Intelligent Systems, ARIS 2023

作者： Chien, Shao-Yu Wong, Ching-Chang Tamkang University College of Engineering Doctoral Program in Robotics New Taipei City25137 Taiwan Tamkang University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department New Taipei City25137 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302714

In this paper, a method using deep reinforcement learning is proposed to deal with the 3D online bin packing problem. The packing objects are not limited to several specific or fixed cuboid objects, but are composed of more than a thousand objects and randomly generated cuboids, which make the trained policy network can handle novel unknown objects. In addition, the posture of the object in the box can be any angle, not limited to horizontal and vertical. In the proposed method, four voxel maps are used as inputs, and a Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) algorithm is used to train a policy network. On the other hand, in order to deal with various objects with irregular shapes, a packing task simulator with physics engine enable the policy network to learn the state of falling and stacking objects. In terms of training environment of deep reinforcement learning, the proposed method can be applied to boxes of different sizes because of the scalable image information. Moreover, a reward function and a training strategy with gradually increasing difficulty are proposed to effectively improve the learning of policy network. In terms of experimental results, the results on a random object bin packing task in a simulator illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Intelligent Small Scale Autonomous Vehicle Development Based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Steering Angle Prediction 1

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International Conference on Innovative Technologies in Intelligent Systems and Industrial Applications, CITISIA 2022

作者： Asy’ari, Muhammad Zacky Phang, Maxson Suganda, Nicholas Mariana, Yosica Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department BINUS ASO School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Architecture Department Faculty of Engineering Binus University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9783031290787

ISBN: (纸本)9783031290770

Human error is the most significant factor in traffic accidents. 61% of accidents in Indonesia are caused by driver negligence. Autonomous vehicles are unmanned vehicles that are believed to be able to reduce the number of accidents caused by human error. This study aims to create a prototype of a small-scale unmanned vehicle using computer vision that can move around the track. The prototype captures an image using a USB webcam and is processed by a Raspberry Pi 4 to predict the correct steering angle based on input from the camera. A convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm is used to recognize the path. The material used to make the prototype is PLA (polylactic acid). The prototype steering system uses a servo motor, and the drive system uses a brushless DC motor controlled by the PCA9685 module. More than 1600 image data were used and taken based on a simplified track. The results of this study indicate that the prototype can move along the given track with a steering angle range of 20°–130° for right turns and 60°–170° for left turns. The throttle value capable of moving the prototype at a steady speed is 0.075. The Keras Tensorflow model, dataset, and autonomous car design can achieve the desired level of autonomy with an RMSE accuracy of 0.1145. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Forecasting

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