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Bi13S18X2-Based Solar Cells (X = Cl, Br, I): Photoelectric Behavior and Photovoltaic Performance

Physical Review Applied 2021年第3期15卷 034040-034040页

作者： Sen Li Linfeng Xu Xinggang Kong Takafumi Kusunose Noriaki Tsurumachi Qi Feng Department of Advanced Materials Science Faculty of Engineering and Design Kagawa University 2217-20 Hayashi-cho Takamatsu 761-0396 Japan Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health (Wuhu) and School of Earth and Environment Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan Anhui 241000 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Weiyang Xi'an Shaanxi 710021 PR China

Bismuth chalcohalides of Bi13S18X2 (X = Cl,Br,I) are solvothermally synthesized and systematically characterized as a light absorber for photovoltaics. Rietveld refinements reveal that Bi13S18X2 compounds adopt the same hexagonal structure with space group P3 and a chemical composition of (Bi3+)12(Bi24+)0.5(S2−)18(X−)2, where a triangular tunnel is constructed from [Bi4S6]-ribbon spokes in the c-axial direction, X− is located in the tunnel sites, and Bi(II) dimers of (Bi24+) are located at the hexagonal center. The photoelectric behavior is investigated using ultraviolet-to-visible-to-near-infrared (UV-vis-NIR) absorption spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mott-Schottky plots, and conductivity measurements. The Bi13S18X2 compounds are indirect n-type semiconductors with narrow band gaps of 0.76, 0.80, and 0.81 eV for Bi13S18Cl2, Bi13S18Br2, and Bi13S18I2, respectively, and exhibit strong light absorbance over a wide wavelength range from UV to NIR. A facile physical vapor deposition approach is developed for the fabrication of a homogeneous Bi13S18X2 thin film to study the photovoltaic performances. Solar cells with the architecture fluorine-doped tin oxide/TiO2/Bi13S18X2/(I3−/I− redox couple)/Pt demonstrate power conversion efficiencies of 0.91, 1.12, and 0.75% for Bi13S18Cl2, Bi13S18Br2, and Bi13S18I2, respectively. The highest cell performance of Bi13S18Br2 can be attributed to its higher light-absorption ability.

关键词： Optoelectronics Photovoltaic absorbers Photovoltaic effect Solar cells Semiconductor compounds Sample preparation

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Vacancy-Type Defects in Thin HfO2 Layers Probed by Monoenergetic Positron Beams

Vacancy-Type Defects in Thin HfO2 Layers Probed by Monoenerg...

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Joint e-Manufacturing and design Collaboration Symposium (eMDC) & International Symposium on Semiconductor Manufacturing (ISSM)

作者： Akira Uedono Kazuya Kawakami Tatsunori Kuribara Ryu Hasunuma Yosuke Harashima Yasuteru Shigeta Zeyuan Ni Ruolin Yan Hideo Nakamura Akira Notake Tsuyoshi Moriya Koji Michishio Shoji Ishibashi Faculty of Pure and Applied Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Ikoma Nara Japan S-Technology Development Center Tokyo Electron Technology Solutions Ltd. Nirasaki Yamanashi Japan Development Department 1 Tokyo Electron Technology Solutions Ltd. Nirasaki Yamanashi Japan Digital Design Center Tokyo Electron Ltd. Sapporo Hokkaido Japan Software and Data Engineering Division Tokyo Electron Technology Solutions Ltd. Nirasaki Yamanashi Japan Research Institute for Measurement and Analytical Instrumentation National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798331510589

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510596

Behaviors of vacancies during the amorphous-to-crystalline transition of thin HfO 2 layers were studied by monoenergetic positron beams. The HfO 2 layers with 4‒30 nm thickness were fabricated on TiN/Si templates by atomic layer deposition technique. The major vacancy-type defects in the layers were identified as (i) Hf vacancies (V Hf ) coupled with oxygen vacancies (V O s) and (ii) vacancy clusters. After annealing at 500°C, the concentration of vacancy clusters increased, which was attributed to the agglomeration of intrinsic open spaces in the amorphous phase upon the phase transition from amorphous to crystalline phases. The phase transition started near the interface between the HfO 2 layer and bottom electrodes (TiN). After the crystallization, the concentration of vacancy clusters decreased as the annealing temperature increased.

关键词： Electrodes Annealing Atomic layer deposition Positrons Crystallization Tin Semiconductor device manufacture Hafnium compounds

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Progress in plant-based bioelectrochemical systems and their connection with sustainable development goals

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2021年第1期4卷 169-183页

作者： Enas Taha Sayed Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem Khaled Obaideen Khaled Elsaid Tabbi Wilberforce Hussein M.Maghrabie A.G.Olabi Center for Advanced Materials Research University of SharjahPO Box 27272SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Chemical Engineering Department Minia UniversityElminiaEgypt Dept.of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of SharjahP.O.Box 27272SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Chemical Engineering Department Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843-3122TXUSA Mechanical Engineering and Design Aston UniversitySchool of Engineering and Applied ScienceAston TriangleBirmingham B47ETUK Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringSouth Valley UniversityQena 83521Egypt

Living organisms’energy conversion is considered as an essential and sustainable green energy source and future bio-hybrid ***,plants were used after harvesting as biomass in bio-fermentation as an energy *** bio-electrochemical systems,microorganisms work with plants to generate electricity,hydrogen,or *** work discusses the simultaneous pollutant removal and electricity generation in plant-based bio-electrochemical systems(P-BES).Factors affecting the P-BES performance and the removal efficiencies of the different organic and inorganic pollutants were ***,the plant-based bioelectrochemical systems’role in achieving the sustainable development goals(SDGs)was *** SDGs contribution of plant-based bioelectrochemical systems were presented and discussed to evaluate such systems’ability to achieve the three pillars of sustainable development,i.e.,economic,environmental,and social.

关键词： Plant Bioelectrochemical systems Sustainable development goals,pollutant removal Power generation

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The effects of TiN nanoparticle incorporation on the microstructure and wear resistance of additively manufactured CoCrMoW alloys

Smart Materials in Manufacturing

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Smart materials in Manufacturing 2025年 3卷

作者： Xiao, Canjuan Jiang, Wenting Huang, Yi Ni, Song State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South University Changsha 410083 China College of Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou 412007 China Department of Design and Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Bournemouth University Dorset Poole BH12 5BB United Kingdom Materials Research Group Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1BJ United Kingdom

To enhance the wear resistance of CoCrMoW alloys, this study used laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) to fabricate TiN nanoparticle-incorporated composites. By conducting microstructure characterization and wear resistance testing, the intricate relationship between microstructure and wear behavior was elucidated. The LPBF-fabricated samples presented dual-phase structures comprising face-centered cubic and hexagonal close-packed phases along with numerous stacking faults. The TiN particles were uniformly distributed in the sample with a 1 wt% addition. However, as the additive content increased, the TiN particles grew, and the interparticle spacing correspondingly decreased. Notably, robust interfacial bonding existed between the TiN nanoparticles and the matrix material. The interface between the TiN particles and the matrix displayed a semicoherent nature characterized by a specific orientation relationship: [001] _TiN//[011]_γ and (020)_TiN//(111)_γ. Compared to the nonincorporated sample, the incorporated samples demonstrated reduced friction coefficients and wear rates. A comparative analysis of the nonincorporated and incorporated samples’ wear behaviors revealed that oxidation wear predominantly characterized the nonincorporated sample, which displayed significant plastic deformation along with fragmented debris and loose oxides. In contrast, the incorporated samples presented relatively smooth wear surfaces where abrasive wear emerged as the primary mechanism. These findings underscore enhancements in tribological properties due to TiN incorporation and offer valuable insights into its fundamental behavior during wear. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： CoCrMoW alloy Laser powder bed fusion TiN nanoparticles Wear resistance

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An application of conjugate gradient technique for determination of thermal conductivity as an inverse engineering problem

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materials Today: Proceedings 2021年 47卷 3082-3087页

作者： Vivek Pandey Addisu Bekele Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed Nand Jee Kanu Gyanendra Kumar Singh Department of Thermal and Aerospace Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Centre of Excellence for Advanced Manufacturing Engineering Program of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Department of Mechanical Engineering S. V. National Institute of Technology Surat India Department of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia

Inverse problems frequently occur when boundary conditions/thermal properties of a material are unknown, and are determined from known internal temperature measurements. A direct problem is the opposite of an inverse problem. For example, it would be the task of determining the temperature field within a material body, given boundary conditions and thermal properties. In an ill-posed, inverse problem, small variations in internal temperature measurement cause large variations in the estimated quantity such as boundary heat flux. Measured temperature variations may be due to noise, measurement error and instrumentation error, among other factors. There are various methods for solving inverse problems in materials engineering. In the paper, an inverse problem of estimating boundary heat flux for one-dimensional heat conduction is solved using the classical method of Beck and temperature dependent thermal conductivity is estimated using the more recent and advanced Conjugate Gradient method (CGM). The temperature values from the finite difference application to a direct heat transfer problem are used along with noise added to the data, in order to simulate real world, experimental conditions. The data is applied to the inverse problem of finding boundary heat flux and thermal conductivity. It is seen that Conjugate Gradient Method (CGM) along with sequential function specification method recovers the boundary heat flux and thermal conductivity quite accurately for noise levels of 1% and 2%. It is further observed that addition of future time steps stabilize the algorithm and increase accuracy of the desired results. It is also observed that CGM can recover the temperature dependent thermal conductivity quickly within few iterations, for different values of thermal conductivity function coefficients, k 0 and k 1 . CGM is found to be fast and robust when applied to one-dimensional case and can be extended to complex geometries.

关键词： Inverse problem Thermal conductivity Conjugate gradient

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Boriding of Tungsten by the Powder-Pack Process: Phase Formation, Growth Kinetics and Enhanced Neutron Shielding

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liu, Yue Liu, Xiaoyi Lai, Chen Ma, Jie Meng, Xianfang Zhang, Long Xu, Guanglong Lu, Yiwen Li, Hongyi Wang, Jinshu Chen, Shuqun Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Education Ministry of China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Beijing Research Center for Radiation Application Co. Ltd. Beijing Radiation Materials Key Laboratory China Tech Institute for Advanced Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech University Nanjing210009 China China Ship Development and Design Center Wuhan430074 China

In this study, high-quality tungsten boride coating was grown on pure tungsten substrate by solid boriding method for improved neutron shielding ability. The microstructure, growth kinetics and radiation shielding performance were systematically studied. It is found that the boronized layer shows a dual-phase structure under the boriding temperature of 950-1050 ℃. The main layer close to coating surface is identified to be the WB phase, while the inner layer adjacent to the substrate is W2B. Thermodynamics calculation proves the W2B is more favored to nucleate and grow adhering to W than α-WB. Once the W2B layer was formed, further increasing boron concentration enables to introduce the formation of WB at the interface. On the basis of the calculated W-B phase diagram, two separated diffusion models were developed to elucidate the growth of WB with composition gradient and W2B with constant composition. The diffusion coefficients of boron in boride phases as well as the activation energy for boron diffusion were estimated. Finally, the large improvement of neutron attenuation ability for tungsten specimen upon boriding treatment was demonstrated. Our findings could provide new directions for developing high performance radiation shielding materials. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Growth kinetics

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The Important Role of Diatomite on Multifunctional Modified Separator of Li-S Battery

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yan, Chenyu Jiang, Zhiyi Yang, Caihong Dong, Xiongbo Zhang, Shilin Tu, Feiyue Li, Tianbao Li, Mitch Guijun Tang, Aidong Yang, Huaming Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education Laboratory of Advanced Mineral Materials Key Laboratory of Functional Geomaterials in China Nonmetallic Minerals Industry Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China Changsha Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Co. LTD Changsha410012 China Division of Integrative Systems and Design Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South University Changsha410083 China

The commercial applications of Li-S batteries are limited by decreased cycling performance caused by the shuttle effect of polysulfides, slower kinetic reaction rates, and lithium anode dendrites. This study demonstrates the important role of diatomite (DT) in regulating cycle performance of modified separator for Li-S batteries. A multifunctional separator (Co/NC/DT) with DT as a carrier assembled high loading Co nanocluster (size 2-4 nm) is prepared. The N-doped carbon is immobilized via Si-N bond between DT and N-doped carbon. The depth profiles of XPS indicates that the ratio of pyrrolic N to pyridinic N of Co/NC/DT reaches 5.31 at the etching of 100 nm vs 0.83 for Co/NC at surface, which suggesting that mainly N species is pyrrolic N after the addition of DT. Theoretical calculations confirm that cobalt nanoclusters grown on pyrrolic N-doped carbon have a lower adsorption energy for a series of polysulfides species compared to that on pyridinic N-doped carbon and can reduce the energy barrier, especially only 0.09 eV for reduction from Li2S6 to Li2S4. In-situ X-ray diffraction analysis confirms Co/NC/DT can effectively promote formation of Li2S. Lithium anode in-situ optical microscopy observation shows the modified separator could reduce lithium dendrites effectively. Li-S battery assembled with the modified separator can reach an initial capacity of 1331.3 mAh g-1 at 0.2 C and cycle 1500 cycles at 1.0 C with a decay of only 0.039% per cycle. Through regulation of DT, Co/NC/DT accelerates the conversion from long-chain sulfur to short-chain sulfur and Li+ transfer rate, resulting in improving cycling performance. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Separators

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Fine 3D control of THz emission in air with dual femtosecond laser pre-pulses at tunnelling ionisation regime

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Light(advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第3期5卷 62-74页

作者： Hsin-Hui Huang Takeshi Nagashima Kota Kumagai Yoshio Hayasaki Saulius Juodkazis Vladimir T.Tikhonchuk Koji Hatanaka Optical Sciences Centre ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials(SEAM)School of ScienceSwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVictoria 3122Australia Faculty of Science and Engineering Setsunan University17-8 Ikeda-NakamachiNeyagawaOsaka572-8508Japan Center for Optical Research and Education(CORE) Utsunomiya University7-1-2 YotoUtsunomiya 321-8585Japan WRH Program International Research Frontiers Initiative(IRFI)Tokyo Institute of Technology Nagatsuta-choMidori-kuYokohamaKanagawa 226-8503 Japan Laser Research Center Physics FacultyVilnius UniversitySauletekio Ave.1010223 VilniusLithuania Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications Universite de Bordeaux351Cours de la Liberation33405 Talence cedexFrance Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI Beamlines FacilityZa Radnicic 83525241 Dolni BřežanyCzech Republic Organization for Research Strategy and Development Okayama Univ.1-1-1 Tsushima-nakaKita-kuOkayama 700-8530Japan

Emission of THz radiation from air breakdown at focused ultra-short fs-laser pulses(800 nm/35 fs)was investigated for the 3D spatio-temporal control where two pre-pulses are used before the *** laser pulse induced air breakdown forms a~120μm-long focal volume generate shockwaves which deliver a denser air into the focal region of the main pulse for enhanced generation of THz radiation at 0.1-2.5 THz spectral *** intensity of 162 pre-and main-pulses was at the tunnelling ionisation intensities(1-3)×10 W/cm and corresponded to sub-critical(transparent)plasma formation in *** analysis of THz radiation revealed that orientation of the air density gradients generated by pre-pulses and their time-position locations defined the ellipticity of the generated THz electrical *** rotational component of electric current is the origin of THz radiation.

关键词： THz radiation Femtosecond laser induced breakdown Air breakdown spatio-temporal control

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Nanoporous Titanate Nanosheet-Based Membranes for Water Treatment and Molecular Separations

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yao, Fangyi Zhang, Wenxiong Hu, Dengwei Li, Sen Kong, Xingang Uemura, Shinobu Kusunose, Takafumi Feng, Qi Department of Advanced Materials Science Faculty of Engineering and Design Kagawa University 2217-20 Hayashi-cho Takamatsu-shi 761-0396 Japan Institute for Solid State Physics The University of Tokyo Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Baoji University of Arts and Science 1-Hi-Tech Avenue Shaanxi Baoji721013 China Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Nanshan 1088 Xueyuan Avenue Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Weiyang Shaanxi Xi’an710021 China

Nanoporous layered titanate (HTO) nanosheet membranes were fabricated via restacking nanoporous HTO nanosheets on a hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter substrate. Nanoporous HTO nanosheets were prepared by exfoliating a nanoporous HTO that was obtained by selectively dissolving BaTiO 3 (BT) nanoparticles in a mesocrystalline BT/HTO nanocomposite in an HCl solution. The BT/HTO nanocomposites were synthesized by the solvothermal treatment of HTO platelike particles in a Ba(OH) 2 solution. The pore size of the nanoporous HTO nanosheet membrane was controlled by the BT nanoparticle size in the BT/HTO nanocomposite. Meanwhile, the size of the BT nanoparticle was controllable by the solvothermal synthesis conditions of the BT/HTO nanocomposite, including the reaction temperature, Ba/Ti mole ratio, and solvent in the reaction system. Furthermore, we designed a self-adjusting membrane thickness process (SAMTP) to efficiently fabricate nanoporous HTO nanosheet membranes on the PTFE substrate. The rejection of solutes with different sizes and water permeance capacities demonstrated that the nanoporous HTO nanosheet membranes fabricated by the SAMTP possessed size-controlled nanopores with uniform size in the range of 1.5–100 nm, uniform nanometer-scale thicknesses, excellent hydrophilicity, high water permeance, and good durability. Thus, the fabricated nanoporous HTO nanosheet membranes would be excellent candidates for water treatment and molecule separation. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Water treatment

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Femtosecond Laser Ferroelectric Domains Reversal in Monodomain Calcium Barium Niobate Crystal

Femtosecond Laser Ferroelectric Domains Reversal in Monodoma...

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Laser science, LS 2021 - Part of Frontiers in Optics, FiO 2021

作者： Mazur, Leszek Mateusz Liu, Shan Chen, Xin Krolikowski, Wieslaw Sheng, Yan Advanced Materials Engineering and Modelling Group Faculty of Chemistry Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27 Wroclaw50-370 Poland Science Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar Laser Physics Centre Research School of Physics The Australian National University CanberraACT2601 Australia School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Xidian University Xian710071 China

Femtosecond pulses are used for the first time to invert spontaneous polarization in the monodomain calcium barium niobate crystal. The resulting domain patterns allow transverse SHG without the nonlinear noise encoun... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Femtosecond lasers

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