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First follow-up of transient events with the CTA Large Size Telescope prototype

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Carosi, Alessandro Ashkar, Halim Berti, Alessio Bordas, Pol de Bony Lavergne, Mathieu Donini, Alice Dalchenko, Mykhailo Fiasson, Armand Foffano, Luca Fukami, Satoshi Kobayshi, Yukiho Longo, Francesco Noda, Koji Sanchez, David Seglar-Arroyo, Monica Schüssler, Fabian Vuillaume, Thomas Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. de Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. DPNC – University of Geneva 24 quai Ernest Ansermet Genève 4CH1211 Switzerland IRFU/DPhP CEA Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Föhringer Ring 6 München80805 Germany IEEC-UB Barcelona08028 Spain LAPP Université de Savoie Mont-Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy74941 France Institut de Fisica d’Altes Energies The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Bellaterra Spain Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma INFN Sezione di Napoli Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine INFN Sezione di Catania University of Geneva Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science CIEMAT Port d’Informació Científica INFN Sezione di Torino Dipartimento di Fisica - Universitá degli Studi di Torino INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari University of Rijeka Department of Physics Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Scien

The recent detection of a very high energy (VHE) emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) above 100 GeV performed by the MAGIC and H.E.S.S. collaborations, has represented a significant, long-awaited result for the VHE astrophysics community. Although these results’ scientific impact has not yet been fully exploited, the possibility to detect VHE gamma-ray signals from GRBs has always been considered crucial for clarifying the poorly known physics of these objects. Furthermore, the discovery of high-energy neutrinos and gravitational waves associated with astrophysical sources have definitively opened the era of multi-messenger astrophysics, providing unique insights into the physics of extreme cosmic accelerators. In the near future, the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will play a major role in these observations. Within this framework, the Large Size Telescopes (LSTs) will be the instruments best suited to significantly impact on short time-scale transients follow-up thanks to their fast slewing and large effective area. The observations of the early emission phase of a wide range of transient events with good sensitivity below 100 GeV will allow us to open new opportunities for time-domain astrophysics in an energy range not affected by selective absorption processes typical of other wavelengths. In this contribution, we will report about the observational program and first transients follow-up observations performed by the LST-1 telescope currently in its commissioning phase on La Palma, Canary Islands, the CTA northern hemisphere site. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Telescopes

Commissioning of the camera of the first Large Size Telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Saito, T. Delgado, C. Blanch, O. Artero, M. Barrio, J.A. Cassol, F. Diaz, C. Hadasch, D. Hoffmann, D. Houles, J. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Jouvin, L. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kubo, H. Martinez, G. Mazin, D. Moretti, E. Nakamori, T. Nozaki, S. Oka, T. Okumura, A. Palatiello, M. Polo, M. Prast, J. Sakurai, S. Sunada, Y. Takahashi, M. Takeishi, R. Tejedor, L.A. Yamamoto, T. Yoshida, T. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Baroncelli, L. de Almeida, U. Barres Batkovic, I. González, J. Becerra Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Chytka, L. Dalchenko, M. de Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Mengual, J. Delgado della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Dominik, R.M. Prester, D. Dominis Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. López, R. Garcia Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Hackfeld, J. Hahn, A. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Llorente, J. Herrera Horns, D. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hütten, M. Ishio, K. Jacquemont, M. Jurysek, J. Karas, V. Kataoka, J. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Marusevec, P. Maurin, G. Guillen, E. Mestre Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Monteiro, I. Morselli, A. Mrakovcic, K. Nagai, A. Nickel, L. Nievas, M. Nishijima, K. Nosek, D. Nöthe, M. Orito, R. Otero-Santos, J. Palatiello, M. Paneque, D. Paoletti, R. Paredes, J.M. Pavletić, L. Pech, M. Pecimotika, M. Poireau, V. Prandini, E. Prast, J. Prouza, M. Rando, R. Rhode, W. ICRR University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan CIEMAT Avda. Complutense 40 Madrid28040 Spain The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB Bellaterra Barcelona08193 Spain EMFTEL Department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid28040 Spain Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM 163 Avenue de Luminy Marseille Cedex 0913288 France INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza P.le Aldo Moro 2 Roma00185 Italy Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto606-8502 Japan Department of Physics Yamagata University Yamagata Yamagata990-8560 Japan ISEE Nagoya University Chikusa-ku Nagoya464-8602 Japan Grad. Sch. of Sci. and Eng. Saitama University 255 Simo-Ohkubo Sakura-ku Saitama338-8570 Japan CNRS Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules - IN2P3 Annecy74000 France Department of Physics Konan University Hyogo Kobe658-8501 Japan Faculty of Science Ibaraki University Ibaraki Mito310-8512 Japan Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma INFN Sezione di Napoli IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine INFN Sezione di Catania University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science Port d'Informació Científica INFN Sezione di Torino Dipartimento di

The first Large Size Telescope (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array has been operational since October 2018 at La Palma, Spain. We report on the results obtained during the camera commissioning. The noise level of the readout is determined as a 0.2 p.e. level. The gain of PMTs are well equalized within 2% variation, using the calibration flash system. The effect of the night sky background on the signal readout noise as well as the PMT gain estimation are also well evaluated. Trigger thresholds are optimized for the lowest possible gamma-ray energy threshold and the trigger distribution synchronization has been achieved within 1 ns precision. Automatic rate control realizes the stable observation with 1.5% rate variation over 3 hours. The performance of the novel DAQ system demonstrates a less than 10% dead time for 15 kHz trigger rate even with sophisticated online data correction. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Telescopes

Deep-learning-driven event reconstruction applied to simulated data from a single Large-Sized Telescope of CTA

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Grespan, Pietro Jacquemont, Mikael López-Coto, Rubèn Miener, Tjark Nieto-Castaño, Daniel Vuillaume, Thomas Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. de Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, Pietro Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, Lo K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, Mikael Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, Rubèn López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Mestre Guillen, E. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, Tjark Miranda, J.M. Miranda, L.D.M. Mirzoyan, R. Mizuno, T. Molina, E. Montaruli, T. Monteiro, I. Moralejo, A. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova PadovaI-35131 Italy Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS LAPP 9 chemin de bellevue Annecy74940 France LISTIC Université Savoie Mont-Blanc Polytech Annecy-Chambéry 5 chemin de bellevue Annecy74940 France Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos Departamento de EMFTEL Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma INFN Sezione di Napoli Aix Marseille Univ. CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo EMFTEL Department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine INFN Sezione di Catania University of Geneva Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Palacky University Olomouc Faculty of Science CIEMAT Port d’Informació Científica INFN Sezione di Torino Dipartimento di Fisica Universitá degli Studi di Torino INFN Sezione di Bari Università di Bari University of Rijeka Department of Physics Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Universität Würzburg Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University INFN Sezione d

When very-high-energy gamma rays interact high in the Earth’s atmosphere, they produce cascades of particles that induce flashes of Cherenkov light. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) detect these flashes and convert them into shower images that can be analyzed to extract the properties of the primary gamma ray. The dominant background for IACTs is comprised of air shower images produced by cosmic hadrons, with typical noise-to-signal ratios of several orders of magnitude. The standard technique adopted to differentiate between images initiated by gamma rays and those initiated by hadrons is based on classical machine learning algorithms, such as Random Forests, that operate on a set of handcrafted parameters extracted from the images. Likewise, the inference of the energy and the arrival direction of the primary gamma ray is performed using those parameters. State-of-the-art deep learning techniques based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have the potential to enhance the event reconstruction performance, since they are able to autonomously extract features from raw images, exploiting the pixel-wise information washed out during the parametrization process. Here we present the results obtained by applying deep learning techniques to the reconstruction of Monte Carlo simulated events from a single, next-generation IACT, the Large-Sized Telescope (LST) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). We use CNNs to separate the gamma-ray-induced events from hadronic events and to reconstruct the properties of the former, comparing their performance to the standard reconstruction technique. Three independent implementations of CNN-based event reconstruction models have been utilized in this work, producing consistent results. © 2021, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

Proton acceleration in thermonuclear nova explosions revealed by gamma rays

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Acciari, V.A. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Arbet Engels, A. Artero, M. Asano, K. Baack, D. Babić, A. Baquero, A. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batković, I. Becerra González, J. Bednarek, W. Bellizzi, L. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bhattacharyya, W. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bökenkamp, H. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Busetto, G. Carosi, R. Ceribella, G. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Chilingarian, A. Cikota, S. Colak, S.M. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D'Amico, G. D'Elia, V. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. Del Popolo, A. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Delgado Mendez, C. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Do Souto Espiñeira, E. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaesser, D. Fallah Ramazani, V. Fariña Alonso, L. Fattorini, A. Fonseca, M.V. Font, L. Fruck, C. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. García López, R.J. Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinović, N. Green, J.G. Green, D. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Heckmann, L. Herrera, J. Hoang, J. Hrupec, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jiménez Martínez, I. Jormanainen, J. Jouvin, L. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamastra, A. Lelas, D. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Linhoff, L. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B. Maggio, C. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mallamaci, M. Maneva, G. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Maraschi, L. Mariotti, M. Martínez, M. Mas Aguilar, A. Mazin, D. Menchiari, S. Mender, S. Mićanović, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Mirzoyan, R. Molina, E. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moreno, V. Moretti, E. Nakamori, T. Nava, L. Neustroev, V. Nievas Rosillo, M. Nigro, C. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, K. Nozaki, S. Ohtani, Y. Oka, T. Otero-Santos, J. Paiano, S. Palatiello, M. Paneque, D. Paoletti, R. Paredes, J.M. Pavletić, L. Peñil, P. Persic, M. Pihet, M. Prada Moroni, P.G. Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy RomeI-00136 Italy ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Bellaterra BarcelonaE-08193 Spain The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Zagreb10000 Croatia IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland Università di Siena INFN Pisa SienaI-53100 Italy ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Physik MünchenD-80805 Germany Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain Università di Pisa INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain Armenian MAGIC Group A. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory Yerevan0036 Armenia Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Catania Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia University of Catania CataniaI-95123 Italy INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Torino Università degli Studi di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Bari Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica Università e del Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy Croatian MAGIC Group University of Rijeka Department of Physics Rijeka51000 Croatia Universität Würzburg WürzburgD-97074 Germany Finnish MAGIC Group Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO University of Turku TurkuFI-20014 Finland Departament de Física CERES-IEEC Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Japanese MAGIC Group: Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima Univers

Classical novae are cataclysmic binary star systems in which the matter of a companion star is accreted on a white dwarf (WD) [1, 2]. Accumulation of hydrogen in a layer eventually causes a thermonuclear explosion on the surface of the WD [3], brightening the WD to ∼ 105 solar luminosities and triggering ejection of the accumulated matter. They provide extreme conditions required to accelerate particles, electrons or protons, to high energies. Here we present the detection of gamma rays by the MAGIC telescopes from the 2021 outburst of RS Ophiuchi (RS Oph), a recurrent nova with a red giant (RG) companion, that allowed us, for the first time, to accurately characterize the emission from a nova in the 60 GeV to 250 GeV energy range. The theoretical interpretation of the combined FermiLAT and MAGIC data suggests that protons are accelerated to hundreds of GeV in the nova shock. Such protons should create bubbles of enhanced Cosmic Ray density, on the order of 10 pc, from the recurrent novae. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cosmology

Constraining the coupled channel dynamics using femtoscopic correlations at the LHC

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The European Physical Journal C 2023年第4期83卷 1-21页

作者： Acharya, S. Adamová, D. Adler, A. Aglieri Rinella, G. Agnello, M. Agrawal, N. Ahammed, Z. Ahmad, S. Ahn, S. U. Ahuja, I. Akindinov, A. Al-Turany, M. Suaide, A. A. P. Aleksandrov, D. Alessandro, B. Alfanda, H. M. Alfaro Molina, R. Ali, B. Ali, Y. Alici, A. Alizadehvandchali, N. Alkin, A. Alme, J. Alocco, G. Alt, T. Altsybeev, I. Garcia, J. R. A. Anaam, M. N. Andrei, C. Andronic, A. Anguelov, V. Antinori, F. Antonioli, P. Apadula, N. Aphecetche, L. Appelshäuser, H. Arata, C. Arcelli, S. Arnaldi, R. Arsene, I. C. Arslandok, M. Diaz, R. A. Augustinus, A. Averbeck, R. Aziz, S. Azmi, M. D. Badalà, A. Saramela, T. B. Baek, Y. W. Bai, X. Bailhache, R. Bailung, Y. Bala, R. Balbino, A. Baldisseri, A. Balis, B. Banerjee, D. Banoo, Z. Barbera, R. Barioglio, L. Barlou, M. Barnaföldi, G. G. Barnby, L. S. Barreto, L. Bartels, C. Barth, K. Bartsch, E. Baruffaldi, F. Butt, J. B. Bastid, N. Basu, S. Batigne, G. Battistini, D. Batyunya, B. Bauri, D. Bazo Alba, J. L. Bearden, I. G. Beattie, C. Becht, P. Behera, D. Belikov, I. Bell Hechavarria, A. D. C. Bellini, F. Bellwied, R. Belokurova, S. Belyaev, V. Bencedi, G. Beole, S. Bercuci, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikova, A. Bergmann, L. Ferrer, M. B. Besoiu, M. G. Betev, L. Bhaduri, P. P. Bhasin, A. Bhat, M. A. Bhattacharjee, B. Bianchi, L. Bianchi, N. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, J. Biernat, J. Bigot, A. P. Bilandzic, A. Biro, G. Biswas, S. Bize, N. Blair, J. T. Blau, D. Blidaru, M. B. Bluhme, N. Blume, C. Boca, G. Bock, F. Bodova, T. Bogdanov, A. Boi, S. Bok, J. Boldizsár, L. Bolozdynya, A. Bombara, M. Bond, P. M. Bonomi, G. Borel, H. Borissov, A. Bossi, H. Botta, E. Bratrud, L. Braun-Munzinger, P. Bregant, M. Broz, M. Bruno, G. E. Buckland, M. D. Budnikov, D. Buesching, H. Bufalino, S. Bugnon, O. Buhler, P. Buthelezi, Z. Bylinkin, A. Bysiak, S. A. Cai, M. Caines, H. Caliva, A. Calvo Villar, E. Camerini, P. Carabas, M. Carnesecchi, F. Caron, R. Castillo Castellanos, J. Catalano, F. Ceballos Sanchez, C. Chakaberia, I. Chakraborty, P. Anuj, C. Chandra, S. Chapeland, S. Chartier, M. Chattopadhyay, Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Husinec-Řež Czech Republic Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik Frankfurt Germany European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Sezione di Bologna INFN Bologna Italy Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Kosice Slovak Republic Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN Geneva Switzerland Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany Universidade de São Paulo (USP) São Paulo Brazil Sezione di Torino INFN Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN Bologna Italy University of Houston Houston USA Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Sezione di Cagliari INFN Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany High Energy Physics Group Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany Sezione di Padova INFN Padua Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley USA SUBATECH IMT Atlantique Nantes Université CNR

The interaction of $$\textrm{K}^{-}$$ with protons is characterised by the presence of several coupled channels, systems like $${\overline{\textrm{K}}}^0$$ n and $$\uppi \Sigma $$ with a similar mass and the same quantum numbers as the $$\textrm{K}^{-}$$ p state. The strengths of these couplings to the $$\textrm{K}^{-}$$ p system are of crucial importance for the understanding of the nature of the $$\Lambda (1405)$$ resonance and of the attractive $$\textrm{K}^{-}$$ p strong interaction. In this article, we present measurements of the $$\textrm{K}^{-}$$ p correlation functions in relative momentum space obtained in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}~=~13$$ Te, in p–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}~=~5.02$$ Te, and (semi)peripheral Pb–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}~=~5.02$$ Te. The emitting source size, composed of a core radius anchored to the $$\textrm{K}^{+}$$ p correlation and of a resonance halo specific to each particle pair, varies between 1 and 2 fm in these collision systems. The strength and the effects of the $${\overline{\textrm{K}}}^0$$ n and $$\uppi \Sigma $$ inelastic channels on the measured $$\textrm{K}^{-}$$ p correlation function are investigated in the different colliding systems by comparing the data with state-of-the-art models of chiral potentials. A novel approach to determine the conversion weights $$\omega $$ , necessary to quantify the amount of produced inelastic channels in the correlation function, is presented. In this method, particle yields are estimated from thermal model predictions, and their kinematic distribution from blast-wave fits to measured data. The comparison of chiral potentials to the measured $$\textrm{K}^{-}$$ p interaction indicates that, while the $$\uppi \Sigma $$ – $$\textrm{K}^{-}$$ p dynamics is well reproduced by the model, the coupling to the $${\overline{\textrm{K}}}^0$$ n channel in the model is currently underestimated.

关键词：

resonance production in Pb–Pb collisions at TeV

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The European Physical Journal C 2023年第5期83卷 1-16页

作者： Acharya, S. Adamová, D. Adler, A. Aglieri Rinella, G. Agnello, M. Agrawal, N. Ahammed, Z. Ahmad, S. Ahn, S. U. Ahuja, I. Akindinov, A. Al-Turany, M. Aleksandrov, D. Alessandro, B. Alfanda, H. M. Alfaro Molina, R. Ali, B. Ali, Y. Alici, A. Alizadehvandchali, N. Alkin, A. Alme, J. Alocco, G. Alt, T. Altsybeev, I. Anaam, M. N. Andrei, C. Andronic, A. Anguelov, V. Antinori, F. Antonioli, P. Anuj, C. Apadula, N. Aphecetche, L. Appelshäuser, H. Arata, C. Arcelli, S. Arnaldi, R. Arsene, I. C. Arslandok, M. Augustinus, A. Averbeck, R. Aziz, S. Azmi, M. D. Badalà, A. Baek, Y. W. Bai, X. Bailhache, R. Bailung, Y. Bala, R. Balbino, A. Baldisseri, A. Balis, B. Banerjee, D. Banoo, Z. Barbera, R. Barioglio, L. Barlou, M. Barnaföldi, G. G. Barnby, L. S. Barret, V. Barreto, L. Bartels, C. Barth, K. Bartsch, E. Baruffaldi, F. Bastid, N. Basu, S. Batigne, G. Battistini, D. Batyunya, B. Bauri, D. Alba, J. L. Bazo Bearden, I. G. Beattie, C. Becht, P. Behera, D. Belikov, I. Bell Hechavarria, A. D. C. Bellini, F. Bellwied, R. Belokurova, S. Belyaev, V. Bencedi, G. Beole, S. Bercuci, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikova, A. Bergmann, L. Besoiu, M. G. Betev, L. Bhaduri, P. P. Bhasin, A. Bhat, M. A. Bhattacharjee, B. Bianchi, L. Bianchi, N. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, J. Biernat, J. Bigot, A. P. Bilandzic, A. Biro, G. Biswas, S. Bize, N. Blair, J. T. Blau, D. Blidaru, M. B. Bluhme, N. Blume, C. Boca, G. Bock, F. Bodova, T. Bogdanov, A. Boi, S. Bok, J. Boldizsár, L. Bolozdynya, A. Bombara, M. Bond, P. M. Bonomi, G. Borel, H. Borissov, A. Bossi, H. Botta, E. Bratrud, L. Braun-Munzinger, P. Bregant, M. Broz, M. Bruno, G. E. Buckland, M. D. Budnikov, D. Buesching, H. Bufalino, S. Bugnon, O. Buhler, P. Buthelezi, Z. Butt, J. B. Bylinkin, A. Bysiak, S. A. Cai, M. Caines, H. Caliva, A. Calvo Villar, E. Camacho, J. M. M. Camerini, P. Canedo, F. D. M. Carabas, M. Carnesecchi, F. Caron, R. Castillo Castellanos, J. Catalano, F. Ceballos Sanchez, C. Chakaberia, I. Chakraborty, P. Chandra, S. Chapeland, S. Chartier, M. Chattopadhyay, S. Chavez, T. G. Cheng, T. Ch Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 LPC Clermont-Ferrand France Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre Homi Bhabha National Institute Kolkata India Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences Husinec-Řež Czech Republic Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik Frankfurt Germany European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Geneva Switzerland Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN Turin Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Daejeon Republic of Korea Faculty of Science P.J. Šafárik University Košice Slovak Republic Affiliated with an Institute Covered by a Cooperation Agreement with CERN Geneva Switzerland Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Darmstadt Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Turin Italy Central China Normal University Wuhan China Instituto de Física Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN Bologna Italy University of Houston Houston USA Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway INFN Sezione di Cagliari Cagliari Italy Institut für Kernphysik Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Frankfurt Germany Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Institut für Kernphysik Münster Germany Physikalisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany INFN Sezione di Padova Padua Italy Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley USA SUBATECH IMT Atlantique Nantes Université CNRS-IN2P3 Nantes France Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie Université Grenoble-Alpes CNRS-IN2P3 Grenoble

Hadronic resonances are used to probe the hadron gas produced in the late stage of heavy-ion collisions since they decay on the same timescale, of the order of 1–10 fm/c, as the decoupling time of the system. In the hadron gas, (pseudo)elastic scatterings among the products of resonances that decayed before the kinetic freeze-out and regeneration processes counteract each other, the net effect depending on the resonance lifetime, the duration of the hadronic phase, and the hadronic cross sections at play. In this context, the $$\Sigma (1385)^{\pm }$$ particle is of particular interest as models predict that regeneration dominates over rescattering despite its relatively short lifetime of about 5.5 fm/c. The first measurement of the $$\Sigma (1385)^{\pm }$$ resonance production at midrapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}= 5.02$$ TeV with the ALICE detector is presented in this Letter. The resonances are reconstructed via their hadronic decay channel, $$\Lambda \pi $$ , as a function of the transverse momentum ( $$p_\textrm{T}$$ ) and the collision centrality. The results are discussed in comparison with the measured yield of pions and with expectations from the statistical hadronization model as well as commonly employed event generators, including PYTHIA8/Angantyr and EPOS3 coupled to the UrQMD hadronic cascade afterburner. None of the models can describe the data. For $$\Sigma (1385)^{\pm }$$ , a similar behaviour as $$\textrm{K}^{*} (892)^{0}$$ is observed in data unlike the predictions of EPOS3 with afterburner.

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Trans-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of prostate cancer identifies new susceptibility loci and informs genetic risk prediction (vol 53, pg 65, 2021)

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NATURE GENETICS 2021年第3期53卷 413-413页

作者： Conti, David V. Darst, Burcu F. Moss, Lilit C. Saunders, Edward J. Sheng, Xin Chou, Alisha Schumacher, Fredrick R. Al Olama, Ali Amin Benlloch, Sara Dadaev, Tokhir Brook, Mark N. Sahimi, Ali Hoffmann, Thomas J. Takahashi, Atushi Matsuda, Koichi Momozawa, Yukihide Fujita, Masashi Muir, Kenneth Lophatananon, Artitaya Wan, Peggy Le Marchand, Loic Wilkens, Lynne R. Stevens, Victoria L. Gapstur, Susan M. Carter, Brian D. Schleutker, Johanna Tammela, Teuvo L. J. Sipeky, Csilla Auvinen, Anssi Giles, Graham G. Southey, Melissa C. MacInnis, Robert J. Cybulski, Cezary Wokolorczyk, Dominika Lubinski, Jan Neal, David E. Donovan, Jenny L. Hamdy, Freddie C. Martin, Richard M. Nordestgaard, Borge G. Nielsen, Sune F. Weischer, Maren Bojesen, Stig E. Roder, Martin Andreas Iversen, Peter Batra, Jyotsna Chambers, Suzanne Moya, Leire Horvath, Lisa Clements, Judith A. Tilley, Wayne Risbridger, Gail P. Gronberg, Henrik Aly, Markus Szulkin, Robert Eklund, Martin Nordstrom, Tobias Pashayan, Nora Dunning, Alison M. Ghoussaini, Maya Travis, Ruth C. Key, Tim J. Riboli, Elio Park, Jong Y. Sellers, Thomas A. Lin, Hui-Yi Albanes, Demetrius Weinstein, Stephanie J. Mucci, Lorelei A. Giovannucci, Edward Lindstrom, Sara Kraft, Peter Hunter, David J. Penney, Kathryn L. Turman, Constance Tangen, Catherine M. Goodman, Phyllis J. Thompson, Ian M., Jr. Hamilton, Robert J. Fleshner, Neil E. Finelli, Antonio Parent, Marie-Elise Stanford, Janet L. Ostrander, Elaine A. Geybels, Milan S. Koutros, Stella Freeman, Laura E. Beane Stampfer, Meir Wolk, Alicja Hakansson, Niclas Andriole, Gerald L. Hoover, Robert N. Machiela, Mitchell J. Sorensen, Karina Dalsgaard Borre, Michael Blot, William J. Zheng, Wei Yeboah, Edward D. Mensah, James E. Lu, Yong-Jie Zhang, Hong-Wei Feng, Ninghan Mao, Xueying Wu, Yudong Zhao, Shan-Chao Sun, Zan Thibodeau, Stephen N. McDonnell, Shannon K. Schaid, Daniel J. West, Catharine M. L. Burnet, Neil Barnett, Gill Maier, Christiane Schnoeller, Thomas Luedeke, Manuel Kibel, Adam S. Drake, Bettina F. Cussenot, Olivier Cancel-Tassin, Gerald Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Preventive Medicine Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Los Angeles CA USA The Institute of Cancer Research London UK Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA Seidman Cancer Center University Hospitals Cleveland OH USA Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and Primary Care University of Cambridge Strangeways Research Laboratory Cambridge UK Stroke Research Group Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco CA USA Institute for Human Genetics University of California San Francisco CA USA Laboratory for Statistical Analysis RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan Department of Genomic Medicine National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute Suita Japan Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Biobank Tokyo Japan Laboratory for Genotyping Development RIKEN Center of Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan Laboratory for Cancer Genomics RIKEN Center of Integrative Medical Sciences Yokohama Japan Division of Population Health Health Services Research and Primary Care School of Health Sciences Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry UK Epidemiology Program University of Hawaii Cancer Center Honolulu HI USA Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group Research Program American Cancer Society Atlanta GA USA Institute of Biomedicine University of Turku Turku Finland Department of Medical Genetics Genomics Laboratory Division Turku University Hospital Turku Finland Department of Urolog

Prostate cancer is a highly heritable disease with large disparities in incidence rates across ancestry populations. We conducted a multiancestry meta-analysis of prostate cancer genome-wide association studies (107,247 cases and 127,006 controls) and identified 86 new genetic risk variants independently associated with prostate cancer risk, bringing the total to 269 known risk variants. The top genetic risk score (GRS) decile was associated with odds ratios that ranged from 5.06 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.84-5.29) for men of European ancestry to 3.74 (95% CI, 3.36-4.17) for men of African ancestry. Men of African ancestry were estimated to have a mean GRS that was 2.18-times higher (95% CI, 2.14-2.22), and men of East Asian ancestry 0.73-times lower (95% CI, 0.71-0.76), than men of European ancestry. These findings support the role of germline variation contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk, with the GRS offering an approach for personalized risk prediction.

关键词： Epidemiology Genome-wide association studies Personalized medicine Prostate cancer

Development of an advanced SiPM camera for the large size telescope of the Cherenkov telescope array observatory

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Heller, Matthieu Armstrong, T. Bellato, M. Bergnoli, A. Bernardos, M. Bernasconi, E. Biland, A. Charbon, E. Corti, D. Dalchenko, M. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Emery, G. Gascón, D. Gómez, S. López-Coto, R. Mariotti, M. Miranda, L.D.M. Montaruli, T. Nagai, A. Rando, R. Saito, T. Tajima, H. Zietara, K. Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Becerra González, J. Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. de Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Freixas Coromina, L. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Herrera Llorente, J. Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Jimenez Martinez, I. Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. DPNC - Université de Genève 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet GenèveCH-1211 Switzerland Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France INFN Sezione di Padova Via Marzolo Padova8 - 35131 Italy INFN Sezione di Torino via P. Giuria Torino1 - 10125 Italy Università degli Studi di Torino Dipartimento di Fisica via P. Giuria Torino1 - 10125 Italy Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research and Kobayashi–Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe Nagoya University Nagoya464-8601 Japan AQUA EPFL Neuchâtel Switzerland ETH Zurich Institute for Particle Physics Otto-Stern-Weg 5 Zurich8093 Switzerland Institute of Cosmos Sciencies - University of Barcelona Martí i Franquès 1 Barcelona08028 Spain Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo Japan Astronomical Observatory Jagiellonian University ul. Orla 171 Kraków30-244 Poland Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma INFN Sezione di Napoli Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine INFN Sezione di Catania University of Geneva Département de physique nucléair

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have become the baseline choice for cameras of the small-sized telescopes (SSTs) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). On the other hand, SiPMs are relatively new to the field and covering large surfaces and operating at high data rates still are challenges to outperform photomultipliers (PMTs). The higher sensitivity in the near infra-red and longer signals compared to PMTs result in higher night sky background rate for SiPMs. However, the robustness of the SiPMs represents a unique opportunity to ensure long-term operation with low maintenance and better duty cycle than PMTs. The proposed camera for large size telescopes will feature 0.05◦ pixels, low power and fast front-end electronics and a fully digital readout. In this work, we present the status of dedicated simulations and data analysis for the performance estimation. The design features and the different strategies identified, so far, to tackle the demanding requirements and the improved performance are described. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photomultipliers

Physics performance of the large-sized telescope prototype of the cherenkov telescope array

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arXiv 2021年

作者： López-Coto, R. Moralejo, A. Artero, M. Baquero, A. Bernardos, M. Contreras, J.L. Di Pierro, F. García, E. Kerszberg, D. López-Moya, M. MasAguilar, A. Morcuende, D. Noethe, M. Nozaki, S. Ohtani, Y. Priyadarshi, C. Suda, Y. Vuillaume, T. Abe, H. Aguasca, A. Agudo, I. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Armstrong, T. Artero, M. Asano, K. Ashkar, H. Aubert, P. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Larriva, A. Baquero Baroncelli, L. de Almeida, U. Barres Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. González, J. Becerra Bernardos, M.I. Berti, A. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bose, D. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Cassol, F. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chikawa, M. Chytka, L. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Dalchenko, M. de Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. Deleglise, G. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Depaoli, D. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Coromina, L. Freixas Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, D. Grespan, P. Gunji, S. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Hayashi, lo K. Heckmann, L. Heller, M. Llorente, J. Herrera Hirotani, K. Hoffmann, D. Horns, D. Houles, J. Hrabovsky, M. Hrupec, D. Hui, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inome, Y. Iori, M. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jacquemont, M. Martinez, I. Jimenez Jouvin, L. Jurysek, J. Kagaya, M. Karas, V. Katagiri, H. Kataoka, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kong, A. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamanna, G. Lamastra, A. Le Flour, T. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Luque-Escamilla, P.L. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mandat, D. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Marquez, P. Marsella, G. Martí, J. Martinez, O. Martínez, G. Martínez, M. Marusevec, P. Mas, A. Maurin, G. Mazin, D. Guillen, E. Mestre Micanovic, S. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova PadovaI-35131 Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Granada18080 Spain 08193 Spain IPARCOS Department of EMFTEL Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain Università degli Studi di Padova Via Marzolo 8 Padova35131 Italy INFN Sezione di Torino via P. Giuria 1 Torino10125 Italy LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy74000 France 9 Chemin de Bellevue - BP 110 Annecy Cedex74941 France Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn-Str. 4 Dortmund44221 Germany Division of Physics and Astronomy Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyoku Kyoto606-8502 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Physik München80805 Germany Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma INFN Sezione di Napoli Aix Marseille Univ CNRS/IN2P3 CPPM Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid INAF - Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine INFN Sezione di Catania University of Geneva Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire P

The Large-Sized Telescope (LST) prototype of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is located at the Northern site of CTA, on the Canary Island of La Palma. It is designed to provide optimal performance in the lowest part of the energy range covered by CTA, observing gamma rays down to energies of tens of GeV. The LST prototype started performing astronomical observations in November 2019 during the commissioning of the telescope and it has been taking data since then. In this contribution, we will present the tuning of the characteristics of the telescope in the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations to describe the data obtained, the estimation of its angular and energy resolution, and an evaluation of its sensitivity, both with simulations and with observations of the Crab Nebula. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Telescopes