Using recently developed methods in nonlinear dynamics, two hypotheses often advanced to account for recurrent outbreaks of childhood diseases such as measles are investigated. The first, maintenance of otherwise damp...
Using recently developed methods in nonlinear dynamics, two hypotheses often advanced to account for recurrent outbreaks of childhood diseases such as measles are investigated. The first, maintenance of otherwise damped oscillations by noise, appears incapable of reproducing essential features of the data. The second, cycles and chaos sustained by seasonal variation in contact rates gives qualitative and quantitative agreement between model and observation. It is concluded that nonlinear dynamics offers a methodology which may allow students of ecology and epidemiology to distinguish between competing mechanistic hypotheses.
We propose the coarse-grained spectral projection method (CGSP), a deep learning assisted approach for tackling quantum unitary dynamic problems with an emphasis on quench dynamics. We show that CGSP can extract spect...
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We propose the coarse-grained spectral projection method (CGSP), a deep learning assisted approach for tackling quantum unitary dynamic problems with an emphasis on quench dynamics. We show that CGSP can extract spectral components of many-body quantum states systematically with a sophisticated neural network quantum ansatz. CGSP fully exploits the linear unitary nature of the quantum dynamics and is potentially superior to other quantum Monte Carlo methods for ergodic dynamics. Preliminary numerical results on one-dimensional XXZ models with periodic boundary conditions are carried out to demonstrate the practicality of CGSP.
We examine the derivation of eddy-diffusivity equations for transport of passive scalars in a turbulent velocity field. Our main contention is that, in the long-time–large-distance limit, the eddy-diffusivity equatio...
We examine the derivation of eddy-diffusivity equations for transport of passive scalars in a turbulent velocity field. Our main contention is that, in the long-time–large-distance limit, the eddy-diffusivity equations can take very different forms according to the statistical properties of the subgrid velocity, and that these equations depend very sensitively on the interplay between spatial and temporal velocity fluctuations. Such crossovers can be represented in a ‘‘phase diagram’’ involving two relevant statistical parameters. Strikingly, the Kolmogorov-Obukhov statistical theory is shown to lie on a phase-transition boundary.
The Ising model is stimulated on the manifolds of 2-dimensional quantum gravity, which are represented by fixed random triangulations (so-called quenched Ising model). Unlike the case of the Ising model on a dynamical...
The Ising model is stimulated on the manifolds of 2-dimensional quantum gravity, which are represented by fixed random triangulations (so-called quenched Ising model). Unlike the case of the Ising model on a dynamical random triangulation, there is no analytical prediction for the quenched case, since these manifolds do not have internal Hausdorff dimension and the problem cannot be formulated in matrix model language. The recursive sampling technique is used to generate the triangulations, lattice sizes being up to ten thousand triangles. The Metropolis algorithm was used for the spin update in order to obtain the initial estimation of the Curie point. After that we used the Wolff cluster algorithm in the critical region. We observed a second order phase transition, similar to that for the Ising model on a regular 2-dimensional lattice, and measured the critical exponents.
Neonatal jaundice often occurs in newborns characterized by a yellow discoloration of the sclera and baby's skin due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood. The occurrence of jaundice needs done identified to th...
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We have investigated the solid nucleation mechanism in laser-quenched Si films on SiO2. Previously neglected experimental steps, consisting of BHF-etching and irradiation in vacuum, were implemented to reduce potentia...
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We present Monte Carlo simulations and scaling theories for the size and temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients of clusters of atoms and vacancies on surfaces. The mechanisms and rate-determining steps a...
We present Monte Carlo simulations and scaling theories for the size and temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients of clusters of atoms and vacancies on surfaces. The mechanisms and rate-determining steps are found for a realistic model of the Xe/Pt(111) system. The coarsening of ensembles of clusters is also considered. By explicitly deriving the coarsening exponents, we show that the coarsening rate for systems dominated by coalescence due to cluster diffusion differs from the rates seen for Ostwald ripening.
Faced with the complexities of managing natural gas-dependent power system amid the surge of renewable integration and load unpredictability, this study explores strategies for navigating emergency transitions to cost...
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Recently discovered connections between integrable evolution equations and the motion of curves are based on the following fact: The Serret-Frenet equations are equivalent to the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) scat...
Recently discovered connections between integrable evolution equations and the motion of curves are based on the following fact: The Serret-Frenet equations are equivalent to the Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur (AKNS) scattering problem at zero eigenvalue. This equivalence identifies those evolution equations, integrable or not, that can describe the motion of curves.
The filamentary fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus undergoes a series of remarkable transitions during aerial growth. During what is known as the stage IV growth phase, the fungus extends while rotating in a counterclock...
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The filamentary fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus undergoes a series of remarkable transitions during aerial growth. During what is known as the stage IV growth phase, the fungus extends while rotating in a counterclockwise manner when viewed from above (stage IVa) and then, while continuing to grow, spontaneously reverses to a clockwise rotation (stage IVb). This phase lasts for 24–48 h and is sometimes followed by yet another reversal (stage IVc) before the overall growth ends. Here, we propose a continuum mechanical model of this entire process using nonlinear, anisotropic, elasticity and show how helical anisotropy associated with the cell wall structure can induce spontaneous rotation and, under appropriate circumstances, the observed reversal of rotational handedness.
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