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arXiv 2018年

作者： Padmanabhan, P. Sekiguchi, F. Versteeg, R.B. Slivina, E. Tsurkan, V. Bordács, S. Kézsmárki, I. Van Loosdrecht, P.H.M. Physics Institute II University of Cologne Cologne50937 Germany Institute of Applied Physics ChisinauMD 2028 Moldova Department of Physics Budapest University of Technology and Economics MTA-BME Lendület Magneto-optical Spectroscopy Research Group Budapest1111 Hungary Hungarian Academy of Sciences Premium Postdoctoral Program Budapest1051 Hungary Experimental Physics V Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism University of Augsburg Augsburg86159 Germany

GaV4S8is a multiferroic semiconductor hosting magnetic cycloid (Cyc) and Néel-type skyrmion lattice (SkL) phases with a broad region of thermal and magnetic stability. Here, we use timeresolved magneto-optical Kerr spectroscopy and micro-magnetic simulations to demonstrate the coherent generation of collective spin excitations in the Cyc and SkL phases driven by an opticallyinduced modulation of uniaxial anisotropy. Our results shed light on spin-dynamics in anisotropic materials hosting skyrmions and pave a new pathway for the optical control of their magnetic order. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetism

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Hypostatic jammed packings of frictionless nonspherical particles

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Physical Review E 2018年第1期97卷 012909-012909页

作者： Kyle VanderWerf Weiwei Jin Mark D. Shattuck Corey S. O'Hern Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA

We perform computational studies of static packings of a variety of nonspherical particles including circulo-lines, circulo-polygons, ellipses, asymmetric dimers, dumbbells, and others to determine which shapes form packings with fewer contacts than degrees of freedom (hypostatic packings) and which have equal numbers of contacts and degrees of freedom (isostatic packings), and to understand why hypostatic packings of nonspherical particles can be mechanically stable despite having fewer contacts than that predicted from naive constraint counting. To generate highly accurate force- and torque-balanced packings of circulo-lines and cir-polygons, we developed an interparticle potential that gives continuous forces and torques as a function of the particle coordinates. We show that the packing fraction and coordination number at jamming onset obey a masterlike form for all of the nonspherical particle packings we studied when plotted versus the particle asphericity A, which is proportional to the ratio of the squared perimeter to the area of the particle. Further, the eigenvalue spectra of the dynamical matrix for packings of different particle shapes collapse when plotted at the same A. For hypostatic packings of nonspherical particles, we verify that the number of “quartic” modes along which the potential energy increases as the fourth power of the perturbation amplitude matches the number of missing contacts relative to the isostatic value. We show that the fourth derivatives of the total potential energy in the directions of the quartic modes remain nonzero as the pressure of the packings is decreased to zero. In addition, we calculate the principal curvatures of the inequality constraints for each contact in circulo-line packings and identify specific types of contacts with inequality constraints that possess convex curvature. These contacts can constrain multiple degrees of freedom and allow hypostatic packings of nonspherical particles to be mechanically stable.

关键词： Granular materials Granular packing Jamming

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Precessing jet nozzle connecting to a spinning black hole in M87

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Cui, Yuzhu Hada, Kazuhiro Kawashima, Tomohisa Kino, Motoki Lin, Weikang Mizuno, Yosuke Ro, Hyunwook Honma, Mareki Yi, Kunwoo Yu, Jintao Park, Jongho Jiang, Wu Shen, Zhiqiang Kravchenko, Evgeniya Algaba, Juan-Carlos Cheng, Xiaopeng Cho, Ilje Giovannini, Gabriele Giroletti, Marcello Jung, Taehyun Lu, Ru-Sen Niinuma, Kotaro Oh, Junghwan Ohsuga, Ken Sawada-Satoh, Satoko Sohn, Bong Won Takahashi, Hiroyuki R. Takamura, Mieko Tazaki, Fumie Trippe, Sascha Wajima, Kiyoaki Akiyama, Kazunori An, Tao Asada, Keiichi Buttaccio, Salvatore Byun, Do-Young Cui, Lang Hagiwara, Yoshiaki Hirota, Tomoya Hodgson, Jeffrey Kawaguchi, Noriyuki Kim, Jae-Young Lee, Sang-Sung Lee, Jee Won Lee, Jeong Ae Maccaferri, Giuseppe Melis, Andrea Melnikov, Alexey Migoni, Carlo Oh, Se-Jin Sugiyama, Koichiro Wang, Xuezheng Zhang, Yingkang Chen, Zhong Hwang, Ju-Yeon Jung, Dong-Kyu Kim, Hyo-Ryoung Kim, Jeong-Sook Kobayashi, Hideyuki Li, Bin Li, Guanghui Li, Xiaofei Liu, Zhiyong Liu, Qinghui Liu, Xiang Oh, Chung-Sik Oyama, Tomoaki Roh, Duk-Gyoo Wang, Jinqing Wang, Na Wang, Shiqiang Xia, Bo Yan, Hao Yeom, Jae-Hwan Yonekura, Yoshinori Yuan, Jianping Zhang, Hua Zhao, Rongbing Zhong, Weiye Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311100 China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University 520 Shengrong Road Shanghai201210 China Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Mizusawa VLBI Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-12 Hoshigaoka Mizusawa Iwate Oshu023-0861 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Kogakuin University of Technology & Engineering Academic Support Center 2665-1 Nakano-machi Hachioji Tokyo192-0015 Japan South-Western Institute For Astronomy Research Yunnan University Kunming650500 China School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 Frankfurt am MainD-60438 Germany Korea Astronomy & Space Science Institute Daedeokdae-ro 776 Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of Department of Astronomy Yonsei University Yonsei-ro 50 Seodaemun-gu Seoul03722 Korea Republic of Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Information Countermeasure Air Force Early Warning Academy Wuhan430019 China Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica HiloHI96720 United States Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences 80 Nandan Road Shanghai200030 China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Dolgoprudny Institutsky per. 9 Moscow141700 Russia Lebedev Physical Institute The Russian Academy of Sciences Leninsky prospekt 53 Moscow119991 Russia Department of Physics Faculty of Science U

The nearby radio galaxy M87 offers a unique opportunity to explore the connections between the central supermassive black hole and relativistic jets. Previous studies of the inner region of M87 revealed a wide opening angle for the jet originating near the black hole 1–4. The Event Horizon Telescope resolved the central radio source and found an asymmetric ring structure consistent with expectations from General Relativity 5. With a baseline of 17 years of observations, there was a shift in the jet’s transverse position, possibly arising from an eight to ten-year quasi-periodicity 3. However, the origin of this sideways shift remains unclear. Here we report an analysis of radio observations over 22 years that suggests a period of about 11 years in the position angle variation of the jet. We infer that we are seeing a spinning black hole that induces the Lense-Thirring precession of a misaligned accretion disk. Similar jet precession may commonly occur in other active galactic nuclei but has been challenging to detect owing to the small magnitude and long period of the variation. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Active Galactic Nuclei

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Author Correction: Highly efficient, heat dissipating, stretchable organic light-emitting diodes based on a MoO3/Au/MoO3 electrode with encapsulation

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Nature communications 2021年第1期12卷 7355页

作者： Dae Keun Choi Dong Hyun Kim Chang Min Lee Hassan Hafeez Subrata Sarker Jun Su Yang Hyung Ju Chae Geon-Woo Jeong Dong Hyun Choi Tae Wook Kim Seunghyup Yoo Jinouk Song Boo Soo Ma Taek-Soo Kim Chul Hoon Kim Hyun Jae Lee Jae Woo Lee Donghyun Kim Tae-Sung Bae Seung Min Yu Yong-Cheol Kang Juyun Park Kyoung-Ho Kim Muhammad Sujak Myungkwan Song Chang-Su Kim Seung Yoon Ryu Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Display Convergence College of Science and Technology Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. Department of Applied Physics Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. E-ICT-Culture-Sports Convergence Track Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Display Convergence College of Science and Technology Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. hassaniskt@***. Department of Applied Physics Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. hassaniskt@***. School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea. Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea. Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry College of Science and Technology Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology Korea University Sejong Republic of Korea. Jeonju Center Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) Analysis & Researcher Division Jeollabuk-do Republic of Korea. Department of Chemistry Pukyong National University 45 Yongso-Ro Nam-gu Busan Republic of Korea. Department of Physics Chungbuk National University Cheongju Republic of Korea. Surface Materials Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) Changwon Republic of Korea. Surface Materials Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) Changwon Republic of Korea. cskim1025@kims.re.kr. Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Display Convergence College of Science and Technology Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. justie74@korea.ac.kr. Department of Applied Physics Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. justie74@korea.ac.kr. E-ICT-Culture-Sports Conve

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Computing Optimal Interfacial Structure of Modulated Phases

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Communications in Computational physics 2017年第1期21卷 1-15页

作者： Jie Xu Chu Wang An-Chang Shi Pingwen Zhang LMAM and School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton UniversityPrincetonNew Jersey 08544USA Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntario L8S4M1Canada

We propose a general framework of computing interfacial structures between two modulated *** we propose to use a computational box consisting of two half spaces,each occupied by a modulated phase with given position and *** boundary conditions and basis functions are chosen to be commensurate with the bulk *** observe that the ordered nature of modulated structures stabilizes the interface,which enables us to obtain optimal interfacial structures by searching local minima of the free energy *** framework is applied to the Landau-Brazovskii model to investigate interfaces between modulated phases with different relative positions and *** types of novel complex interfacial structures emerge from the calculations.

关键词： Interface modulated phase metastable state compatibility Landau-Brazovskiimodel

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Luminescence properties and Judd-Ofelt analysis of Sm 3+ doped lithium aluminium phosphate glasses

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2018年第7期5卷 15034-15039页

作者： N. Chanthima Y. Tariwong M. Djamal J. Kaewkhao N.W. Sangwaranatee N. Sangwaranatee Center of Excellence in Glass Technology and Materials Science (CEGM) Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand Physics Program Faculty of Science and Technology Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University Nakhon Pathom 73000 Thailand Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung 40132 Indonesia Informatics Mathematics Faculty of Science and Technology Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University Bangkok 10300 Thailand Applied Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University Bangkok 10300 Thailand

Lithium aluminium phosphate glasses doped with samarium oxide were prepared by melt-quenching technique and investigated their physical, optical and luminescence properties. The result of physical properties indicated that the density and the molar volume of glass samples were increased with an increase of Sm 2 O 3 content. The absorption spectra of glass samples were recorded in the wavelength range of 250-2000 nm, these glasses have shown strong absorption bands in the visible (Vis) and near-infrared (NIR) region at 401 and 1232 nm. The emission spectra of glasses, excited with 401 nm excitation wavelength showed four emission bands centered at 561, 597, 644 and 704 nm. From Judd-Ofelt analysis, the J-O parameter (Ω 2 , Ω 4 , Ω 6 ), radiative transition possibility ( A R ), stimulated emission cross-section (σ(λ p )) and branching ratios ( β R ) were indicated that the glass samples an interesting potential for using glass as laser medium with 597 nm emitting.

关键词： Judd-Ofelt analysis Luminescence Phosphate glass Samarium ion

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Signatures of electronic nematicity in (111) LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces

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Physical Review B 2018年第4期97卷 041408(R)-041408(R)页

作者： S. Davis Z. Huang K. Han Ariando T. Venkatesan V. Chandrasekhar Graduate Program in Applied Physics and Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Illinois 60208 USA NUSNNI-Nanocore National University of Singapore 117411 Singapore Department of Physics National University of Singapore 117551 Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering National University of Singapore 117456 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117576 Singapore Department of Material Science and Engineering National University of Singapore 117575 Singapore

The two-dimensional conducting gas (2DCG) that forms at the interface between LaAlO3 (LAO) and SrTiO3 (STO) has been widely studied due to the multitude of in situ tunable phenomena that exist at the interface. Recently it has been shown that nearly every property of the 2DEG that forms at the interface of (111) oriented LAO/STO is strongly anisotropic with respect to the in-plane crystal direction. This in-plane rotational symmetry breaking points to the existence of an electronic nematic phase at the interface that can be modified by an in situ electrostatic back-gate potential. Here we show that the onset temperature of the anisotropy in the longitudinal resistance is T≈22K, which does not match up with any known structural transition, and coincides with the onset of anisotropy in the Hall response of the system. Furthermore, below 22 K, charge transport is activated in nature with different activation energies along the two in-plane crystal directions. Such a response implies that the band edges along the two directions are different and provides further evidence of an electronic nematic state at the interface.

关键词： Electrical properties Hall effect Nematic order Transport phenomena Hall bar Resistivity measurements Transport techniques

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Spatial Analysis of the Soil Carbon Sequestration Potential of Crop-residue Return in China Based on Model Simulation

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2019年第2期10卷 184-195页

作者： CHEN Jinghua WANG Shaoqiang XU Xiyan SUN Leigang Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Beijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China School of Geography and Information Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Ecosystems Services and Management Program International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg A-2361 Austria Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Beijing 100029 China Hebei Engineering Research Center for Geographic Information Application Institute of Geographical Sciences Hebei Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050011 China

Crop-residue return is a recommended practice for soil and nutrient management and is important in soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration and CO2 *** applied a process-based Environmental Policy Integrated Climate(EPIC)model to simulate the spatial pattern of topsoil organic carbon changes from 2001 to 2010under 4 crop-residue return scenarios in *** carbon loss(28.89 Tg yr–1)with all crop-residue removal(CR0%)was partly reduced by 22.38 Tg C yr–1 under the status quo CR30%(30% of crop-residue return).The topsoil in cropland of China would become a net carbon sink if the crop-residue return rate was increased from 30%to 50%,or even 75%.The national SOC sequestration potential of cropland was estimated to be 25.53 Tg C yr–1 in CR50%and 52.85 Tg C yr–1 in CR75%,but with high spatial variability across *** highest rate of SOC sequestration potential in density occurred in Northwest and North China while the lowest was in East *** in North China tended to have stronger regional SOC sequestration potential in *** the decade,the reduced CO2 emissions from enhanced topsoil carbon in CR50%and CR75% were equivalent to 1.4% and 2.9%of the total CO2 emissions from fossil fuels and cement production in China,*** conclusion,we recommend encouraging farmers to return crop-residue instead of burning in order to improve soil properties and alleviate atmospheric CO2 rises,especially in North China.

关键词： cropland crop-residue return soil carbon sequestration spatial pattern EPIC model

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Analyses of protein cores reveal fundamental differences between solution and crystal structures

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Mei, Zhe Treado, John D. Grigas, Alex T. Levine, Zachary A. Regan, Lynne O'Hern, Corey S. Integrated Graduate Program in Physical & Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Chemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Graduate Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Pathology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Institute of Quantitative Biology Biochemistry and Biotechnology Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

There have been several studies suggesting that protein structures solved by NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallography show significant differences. To understand the origin of these differences, we assembled a database of high-quality protein structures solved by both methods. We also find significant differences between NMR and crystal structures|in the root-mean-square deviations of the Cα atomic positions, identities of core amino acids, backbone and sidechain dihedral angles, and packing fraction of core residues. In contrast to prior studies, we identify the physical basis for these differences by modelling protein cores as jammed packings of amino-acid-shaped particles. We find that we can tune the jammed packing fraction by varying the degree of thermalization used to generate the packings. For an athermal protocol, we find that the average jammed packing fraction is identical to that observed in the cores of protein structures solved by x-ray crystallography. In contrast, highly thermalized packing-generation protocols yield jammed packing fractions that are even higher than those observed in NMR structures. These results indicate that thermalized systems can pack more densely than athermal systems, which suggests a physical basis for the structural differences between protein structures solved by NMR and x-ray crystallography. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray crystallography

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Destabilization of Local Minima in Analog Spin Systems by Correction of Amplitude Heterogeneity

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Physical Review Letters 2019年第4期122卷 040607-040607页

作者： Timothée Leleu Yoshihisa Yamamoto Peter L. McMahon Kazuyuki Aihara Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8505 Japan ImPACT program The Japan Science and Technology Agency Gobancho 7 Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 102-0076 Japan E. L. Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA National Institute of Informatics 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-8430 Japan School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA International Research Center for Neurointelligence (IRCN) The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan

The relaxation of binary spins to analog values has been the subject of much debate in the field of statistical physics, neural networks, and more recently quantum computing, notably because the benefits of using an analog state for finding lower energy spin configurations are usually offset by the negative impact of the improper mapping of the energy function that results from the relaxation. We show that it is possible to destabilize trapping sets of analog states that correspond to local minima of the binary spin Hamiltonian by extending the phase space to include error signals that correct amplitude inhomogeneity of the analog spin states and controlling the divergence of their velocity. Performance of the proposed analog spin system in finding lower energy states is competitive against state-of-the-art heuristics.

关键词： Collective dynamics Control & applications of chaos NP-hard problems Neuronal dynamics High dimensional systems Spin glasses Bifurcation analysis Chaos & nonlinear dynamics

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