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Ground states of stealthy hyperuniform potentials. II. Stacked-slider phases

Physical Review E 2015年第2期92卷 022120-022120页

作者： G. Zhang F. H. Stillinger S. Torquato Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

Stealthy potentials, a family of long-range isotropic pair potentials, produce infinitely degenerate disordered ground states at high densities and crystalline ground states at low densities in d-dimensional Euclidean space Rd. In the previous paper in this series, we numerically studied the entropically favored ground states in the canonical ensemble in the zero-temperature limit across the first three Euclidean space dimensions. In this paper, we investigate using both numerical and theoretical techniques metastable stacked-slider phases, which are part of the ground-state manifold of stealthy potentials at densities in which crystal ground states are favored entropically. Our numerical results enable us to devise analytical models of this phase in two, three, and higher dimensions. Utilizing this model, we estimated the size of the feasible region in configuration space of the stacked-slider phase, finding it to be smaller than that of crystal structures in the infinite-system-size limit, which is consistent with our recent previous work. In two dimensions, we also determine exact expressions for the pair correlation function and structure factor of the analytical model of stacked-slider phases and analyze the connectedness of the ground-state manifold of stealthy potentials in this density regime. We demonstrate that stacked-slider phases are distinguishable states of matter; they are nonperiodic, statistically anisotropic structures that possess long-range orientational order but have zero shear modulus. We outline some possible future avenues of research to elucidate our understanding of this unusual phase of matter.

关键词： GROUND state (Quantum mechanics) ENERGY levels (Quantum mechanics) EUCLIDEAN domains MOLECULAR dynamics QUANTUM entropy

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Ground states of stealthy hyperuniform potentials: I. Entropically favored configurations

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Physical Review E 2015年第2期92卷 022119-022119页

Systems of particles interacting with “stealthy” pair potentials have been shown to possess infinitely degenerate disordered hyperuniform classical ground states with novel physical properties. Previous attempts to sample the infinitely degenerate ground states used energy minimization techniques, introducing algorithmic dependence that is artificial in nature. Recently, an ensemble theory of stealthy hyperuniform ground states was formulated to predict the structure and thermodynamics that was shown to be in excellent agreement with corresponding computer simulation results in the canonical ensemble (in the zero-temperature limit). In this paper, we provide details and justifications of the simulation procedure, which involves performing molecular dynamics simulations at sufficiently low temperatures and minimizing the energy of the snapshots for both the high-density disordered regime, where the theory applies, as well as lower densities. We also use numerical simulations to extend our study to the lower-density regime. We report results for the pair correlation functions, structure factors, and Voronoi cell statistics. In the high-density regime, we verify the theoretical ansatz that stealthy disordered ground states behave like “pseudo” disordered equilibrium hard-sphere systems in Fourier space. The pair statistics obey certain exact integral conditions with very high accuracy. These results show that as the density decreases from the high-density limit, the disordered ground states in the canonical ensemble are characterized by an increasing degree of short-range order and eventually the system undergoes a phase transition to crystalline ground states. In the crystalline regime (low densities), there exist aperiodic structures that are part of the ground-state manifold but yet are not entropically favored. We also provide numerical evidence suggesting that different forms of stealthy pair potentials produce the same ground-state ensemble in the zero-temperatur

关键词： THERMODYNAMIC equilibrium PROBABILITY theory QUANTUM spin models MOLECULAR dynamics QUANTUM entropy

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ANALYSIS OF L-BAND BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE TIME SERIES AT DOME C - ANTARCTICA

ANALYSIS OF L-BAND BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE TIME SERIES AT DOM...

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IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium

作者： Giovanni Macelloni Marco Brogioni Francesco Montomoli Paride Legovini Tania Casal Institute For Applied Physics - "Nello Carrara" - National Council of Research Italian Antarctic Program - PNRA ESA-ESTEC

ISBN: (纸本)9781479979301

Antarctica is a very unique continent, completely covered by thousands of meter of ice and firn. Therefore its microwave signature is different from any other place on Earth. Although the emission at low microwave frequency of the East Antarctic plateau is temporally stable for long periods, especially at V polarization and for incidence angles close to the Brewster one, a detailed analysis of satellite and ground based L-band measurements revealed that changes in the characteristics of snow surface can have an appreciable effect on the emission at H polarization. This work is focused on analyzing the temporal variations of the brightness temperature and on linking it to their primary causes. Ground measurements and model simulations indicate that, when strong wind event take place, they could swipe away the first weak layers of snow, exposing the more dense ones. This superficial change can cause a variation of the overall snowpack emission which causes the brightness temperature at H pol to decrease appreciably. On the contrary, the accumulation and densification processes make the Tb to increase.

关键词： Antarctica Microwave radiometry Snow emission L-band SMOS Domex

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A Study of Electrical Energy Saving in Office

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Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 2015年 197卷 1203-1208页

作者： Narun Luewarasirikul Applied Physics Program Faculty of Sciences and Technology Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University 1 U-Thong nok Road Dusit District Bangkok 10300 Thailand

The purpose of this paper is to study the ways of electrical energy saving in office by 1) studying the payback period of replacing certain electric lamp with the new ones with higher technology (e.g. LED lamp) and also comparing their effects, 2) studying the benefit of using individual manual lighting controls, the individual manual switch for controls individual lights, 3) collecting the data of how much electrical energy using for any electrical appliances (e.g. lamp, air condition, computer, printer, television, refrigerator, etc.), then calculating approximate electricity costs from electrical energy using for any electrical appliances, the data provided for awareness of the people who use electrical appliances in office for reducing their electrical energy using.

关键词： electricity saving office lighting

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Pseudogap phase of cuprate superconductors confined by Fermi surface topology

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Doiron-Leyraud, N. Cyr-Choinière, O. Badoux, S. Ataei, A. Collignon, C. Gourgout, A. Dufour-Beauséjour, S. Tafti, F.F. Laliberté, F. Boulanger, M.-E. Matusiak, M. Graf, D. Kim, M. Zhou, J.-S. Momono, N. Kurosawa, T. Takagi, H. Taillefer, Louis Institut Quantique Département de Physique & RQMP Université de Sherbrooke SherbrookeQCJ1K 2R1 Canada Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research Polish Academy of Sciences Wroclaw50-422 Poland National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University TallahasseeFL32306 United States École Polytechnique CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Palaiseau91128 France Collège de France Paris75005 France Materials Science and Engineering Program/Mechanical Engineering University of Texas - Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Applied Sciences Muroran Institute of Technology Muroran050-8585 Japan Department of Physics Hokkaido University Sapporo060-0810 Japan Department of Advanced Materials University of Tokyo Kashiwa277-8561 Japan Canadian Institute for Advanced Research TorontoONM5G 1Z8 Canada

The properties of cuprate high-temperature superconductors are largely shaped by competing phases whose nature is often a mystery. Chiefly among them is the pseudogap phase, which sets in at a doping p* that is material-dependent. What determines p* is currently an open question. Here we show that the pseudogap cannot open on an electron-like Fermi surface, and can only exist below the doping pFS at which the large Fermi surface goes from hole-like to electron-like, so that p* ≤ pFS. We derive this result from high-magnetic-field transport measurements in La1.6−xNd0.4SrxCuO4 under pressure, which reveal a large and unexpected shift of p* with pressure, driven by a corresponding shift in pFS. This necessary condition for pseudogap formation, imposed by details of the Fermi surface, is a strong constraint for theories of the pseudogap phase. Our finding that p* can be tuned with a modest pressure opens a new route for experimental studies of the pseudogap. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fermi surface

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Cloudless atmospheres for young low-gravity substellar objects

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Tremblin, P. Chabrier, G. Baraffe, I. Liu, Michael C. Magnier, E.A. Lagage, P.-O. De Oliveira, C. Alves Burgasser, A.J. Amundsen, D.S. Drummond, B. Maison de la Simulation CEA CNRS Univ. Paris-Sud UVSQ Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette91191 France Astrophysics Group University of Exeter ExeterEX4 4QL United Kingdom Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon CRAL UMR CNRS 5574 Lyon Cedex 0769364 France Institute for Astronomy University of Hawaii 2680 Woodlawn Drive HonoluluHI96822 United States Infrared Telescope Facility University of Hawaii National Aeronautics and Space Administration Science Mission Directorate Planetary Astronomy Program Irfu CEA Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur YvetteF-9119 France Université Paris Diderot AIM Sorbonne Paris Cité CEA CNRS Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France European Space Agency c/o STScI 3700 San Martin Drive BaltimoreMD21218 United States UC San Diego M/C 0424 9500 Gilman Drive La JollaCA92093 United States Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New YorkNY10025 United States NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies New YorkNY10025 United States

Atmospheric modeling of low-gravity (VL-G) young brown dwarfs remains a challenge. The presence of very thick clouds has been suggested because of their extremely red near-infrared (NIR) spectra, but no cloud models provide a good fit to the data with a radius compatible with evolutionary models for these objects. We show that cloudless atmospheres assuming a temperature gradient reduction caused by fingering convection provides a very good model to match the observed VL-G NIR spectra. The sequence of extremely red colors in the NIR for atmospheres with e_ective temperature from ∼ 2000 K down to ∼ 1200 K is very well reproduced with predicted radii typical of young low-gravity objects. Future observations with NIRSPEC and MIRI on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will provide more constrains in the mid-infrared, helping to confirm/refute whether or not the NIR reddening is caused by fingering convection. We suggest that the presence/absence of clouds will be directly determined by the silicate absorption features that can be observed with MIRI. JWST will therefore be able to better characterize the atmosphere of these hot young brown dwarfs and their low-gravity exoplanet analogues. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Infrared devices

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Organic Thin‐Film Transistors: UV–Ozone Interfacial Modification in Organic Transistors for High‐Sensitivity NO2Detection (Adv. Mater. 31/2017)

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Advanced Materials 2017年第31期29卷

作者： Wei Huang Xinming Zhuang Ferdinand S. Melkonyan Binghao Wang Li Zeng Gang Wang Shijiao Han Michael J. Bedzyk Junsheng Yu Tobin J. Marks Antonio Facchetti State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Information University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Chengdu 610054 China Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Applied Physics Program Northwestern University 2220 Campus Drive Evanston IL 60208 USA Flexterra Inc. 8025 Lamon Avenue Skokie IL 60077 USA

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Wall to wall optimal transport 15

Wall to wall optimal transport

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15th European Turbulence Conference, ETC 2015

作者： Doering, Charles R. Souza, Andre N. Chini, Gregory P. Hassanzadeh, Pedram Department of Physics University of Michigan United States Department of Mathematics University of Michigan United States Center for the Study of Complex Systems University of Michigan United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Program in Integrated Applied Mathematics and Center for Fluid Physics University of New Hampshire United States Centre for the Environment Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Harvard University United States

The calculus of variations is employed to find steady divergence-free velocity fields that maximize transport of a tracer between two parallel walls held at fixed concentration for one of two constraints on flow strength: a fixed value of the kinetic energy or a fixed value of the enstrophy (the mean square rate of strain in this situation). The optimizing flows realize upper limits on convective transport in this scenario. We interpret the results in the context of buoyancy-driven Rayleigh–Bénard convection problems that satisfy the flow intensity constraints, enabling us to investigate how optimal transport scalings compare with upper bounds on Nu expressed as a function of the Rayleigh number Ra. © TU Delft.

关键词： Kinetic energy

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Dispersive optical solitons with Schrödinger-hirota equation using undetermined coefficients

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Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 2016年第8期13卷 5288-5293页

作者： Bernstein, Ida Melikechi, Noureddine Zerrad, Essaid Biswas, Anjan Belic, Milivoj Department of Physics and Engineering Delaware State University DoverDE19901-2277 United States Optical Science Center and Applied Research Delaware State University DoverDE19901-2277 United States Department of Mathematical Sciences Delaware State University DoverDE19901-2277 United States Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Science Program Texas a and M University at Qatar P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar

This paper reports dispersive optical soliton solutions that are modeled by Schrödinger-Hirota equation with spatio-Temporal dispersion in addition to group velocity dispersion. There are two types of nonlinear media studied in this paper. These are Kerr law and power law. Bright, dark and singular soliton solutions are secured along with their respective existence criteria. The method of undetermined coefficients is applied to retrieve these soliton solutions. © Copyright 2016 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

关键词： Group velocity dispersion

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Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study (vol 2, pg 144, 2021)

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LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH 2021年第4期9卷 E408-E408页

作者： Steinmetz, Jaimie D. Vision and Eye Research Institute Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge United Kingdom Biomedical Informatics Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Institute of Health Services Research Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Department of Ophthalmology University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Mathematics Imperial College London London United Kingdom WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Education and Training Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Primary Care and Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom School of Population and Global Health University of Melbourne Carlton VIC Australia School of Optometry and Vision Science UNSW Sydney NSW Australia Brien Holden Vision Institute Sydney Australia Department of Ophthalmology University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia Department of Parasitology and Mycology Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Jahrom Iran Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Ophthalmic Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Ophthalmology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Health Services Management Department Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin Iran Department of Systems Populations and Leadership University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Medicine Sofia Ismail Memorial Medical Centre Bogura Bangladesh The Fred Hollows Foundation Sydney NSW Australia Berhan Public Health & Eye Care Consultancy Addis A

Hospital El Salvador: a novel paradigm of intensive care in response to COVID-19 in central America. Lancet Glob Health 2021;9: e241?42?In this Comment, the conflict of interest statement should have included the following: ?By virtue of their roles within a public hospital or the Ministry of Health, MB, LC, WH, and XS are government employees. The findings and conclusions in the Comment are only those of the authors.? This correction has been made as of Feb 26, 2021.

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