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Nanoscale molecular dams and traps for low-abundance protein analysis

Nanoscale molecular dams and traps for low-abundance protein...

第八届全国微全分析系统学术会议、第三届全国微纳尺度生物分离分析学术会议暨第五届国际微化学与微系统学术会议

作者： Chia-Fu Chou Kuo-Tang Liao Leonardo Lesser-Rojas K. K. Sriram Yii-Lih Lin Academia Sinica Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Taiwan UniversityTaiwan Nanoscience and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taiwan Research Center for Applied Sciences Institute of Physics Institute of Physics Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua UniversityTaiwan Institute of Physics Institute of Physics Genomics Research Center

Miniaturized biosensors and bioanalytical systems promise to revolutionize the field of health care and personalized medicine,in light of sample reduction,speed,and ***,mass transport has generally been recognized as a major limiting factor in the sensitivity and performance of miniaturized sensor platforms in that miniaturization poses penalties on passive transport of biomolecules to the sensor surface due to prolonged diffusion length from the bulk liquid or in the direction of the fluidic ***,for low-abundance protein analysis,sample enrichment is often regarded as the first prerequisite for high-resolution analysis,since chemical amplification methods are not readily available for *** factors pose major challenges for early or acute disease diagnostics and biomarker discovery using micro- or nanoscale sensor *** tackle these challenges,we developed nanofluidic and nanoelectronic platforms for the active transport of target analytes to the sensing *** example,nanoscale molecular dam,using nanoconstriction as field-focusing lens to enhance mass transport,may be used for ultrafast protein enrichment in nanofluidic channels by electrodeless dielectrophoresis [1] under physiological buffer conditions [2-4].On the other hand,sub-10 nm electrode nanogap may be used as an active molecular trap for SERS and tunneling current measurements for low-copy number protein analysis,potentially down to single-molecule *** platforms may open up a simple way for heterogeneous protein analysis.

关键词： Protein analysis nanogap electrode dielectrophoresis surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) tunneling current

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Computer program for analysis and design of nanostructured semiconductor devices

Computer program for analysis and design of nanostructured s...

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2013 15th SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference, IMOC 2013

作者： Tanaka, Roberto Yuji Passaro, Angelo Abe, Nancy Mieko Sperotto, Lucas Kriesel De Moura Pedroso, Diogo Vieira, Gustavo Soares Applied Physics Division Instituto de Estudos Avançados - IEAv São José dos Campos Brazil Space Science and Technology Graduate Program Instituto Tecnologico de Aeromiutica - ITA Sao Jose dos Campos Brazil Faculty of Engineering Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Guaratingueta Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781479913978

This work presents the recent improvements in a computer program created to assist the design and analysis of quantum well, wire, and dot nanostructured semiconductor-based devices. The list of added features includes the calculation of heavy hole, light hole and split-off energy bands, dark current, photocurrent, and absorption spectrum. Additionally, the computer program allows self-consistent computation and can take into account the energy band non-parabolic effects in the effective mass approximation. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Finite element method

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High‐Performance Hole‐Extraction Layer of Sol–Gel‐Processed NiO Nanocrystals for Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells†

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Angewandte Chemie 2014年第46期126卷

作者： Zonglong Zhu Yang Bai Teng Zhang Zhike Liu Xia Long Zhanhua Wei Zilong Wang Lixia Zhang Jiannong Wang Feng Yan Shihe Yang Nano Science and Technology Program The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong (China) Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong (China) Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Hybrid organic/inorganic perovskite solar cells have been rapidly evolving with spectacular successes in both nanostructured and thin‐film versions. Herein, we report the use of a simple sol–gel‐processed NiO nanocrystal (NC) layer as the hole‐transport layer in an inverted perovskite solar cell. The thin NiO NC film with a faceted and corrugated surface enabled the formation of a continuous and compact layer of well‐crystallized CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 in a two‐step solution process. The hole‐extraction and ‐transport capabilities of this film interfaced with the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 film were higher than those of organic PEDOT:PSS layers. The cell with a NiO NC film with a thickness of 30–40 nm exhibited the best performance, as a thinner layer led to a higher leakage current, whereas a thicker layer resulted in a higher series resistance. With the NiO film, we observed a cell efficiency of 9.11 %, which is by far the highest reported for planar perovskite solar cells based on an inorganic hole‐extracting layer.

关键词： Anorganische Lochextraktionsschichten Energieumwandlung NiO‐Nanokristalle Organisch‐anorganische Hybridverbindungen Perowskit‐Solarzellen

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Analysis of the operation of thin nanowire photoelectrodes for solar energy conversion (vol 5, pg 5203, 2012)

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ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 2012年第12期5卷 9946-9946页

作者： Foley, Justin M. Price, Michelle J. Feldblyum, Jeremy I. Maldonado, Stephen Program in Applied Physics Macromolecular Engineering Department of Chemistry 930 N University Ann Arbor Michigan

The solar energy conversion properties of thin Si and GaP nanowire photoelectrodes in photoelectrochemical cells have been examined through sets of finite-element simulations. A discussion describing the motivation behind nanostructured, high aspect ratio semiconductor photoelectrode designs and a brief survey of current experimental results reported for nanostructured semiconductor photoelectrodes in photoelectrochemical cells are presented first. An analysis is then shown that outlines the primary recombination pathways governing the steady-state current-potential behaviors of thin, cylindrical nanowire photoelectrodes, with explicit expressions detailing the differences between planar and cylindrical photoelectrodes arising from the solution of carrier fluxes in planar and cylindrical geometries. Results from finite-element simulations used to model the key features of thin nanowire photoelectrodes under low-level injection conditions are shown that illustrate which recombination pathway(s) is operative under various experimental conditions. Specifically, the respective effects of non-uniform doping, tapering along the length, variation in charge carrier mobilities and lifetimes, changes in nanowire radius, and changes in the density of surface defects on the observable photocurrent-potential responses are reported. These cumulative results serve as guides for future experimental work aimed at improving the attainable solar energy conversion efficiencies of doped semiconductor nanowire photoelectrodes. Lastly, separate simulations that model lightly doped nanowire photoelectrodes under high-level injection conditions are discussed. These results suggest discrete, ohmic-selective contacts may afford a way to circumvent the stringent doping requirements discussed herein for thin nanowire photoelectrodes.

关键词： Nanowires

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Correlation and relativistic effects in U metal and U-Zr alloy: Validation of ab initio approaches

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Physical Review B 2013年第23期88卷 235128-235128页

作者： Wei Xie (谢玮) Wei Xiong Chris A. Marianetti Dane Morgan Materials Science Program University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA

Ab initio calculations have been performed on all solid phases of U metal and U-Zr alloy, the basis of a promising metallic fuel for fast nuclear reactors. Based on generalized gradient approximation, both density functional theory (DFT) in its standard form and the so-called DFT plus Hubbard U (DFT+U) modification are evaluated. The evolution of calculated energetics, volume, magnetic moments, electronic structure, and f-orbital occupation as functions of the effective Hubbard U parameter, Ueff, is carefully examined at Ueff from 0 to 4 eV. DFT is found to overestimate energetics, underestimate volume, downward shift some f bands near Fermi level and overestimate f-orbital occupation against existing experimental and/or computational data. The error is ∼0.07 eV/atom in terms of enthalpy, which affects phase stability modeling for δ(U,Zr) and γ(U,Zr). DFT+U at Ueff=1−1.5 eV offers clear improvement on these calculated properties (∼0.05 eV/atom in terms of enthalpy) and in general still neither promotes ordered magnetic moments nor opens unphysical band gaps, which occur at higher Ueff values. The empirical Ueff values of 1–1.5 eV are close to but smaller than the theoretical estimations of 1.9–2.3 eV that we obtain from the linear response approach. Ueff is found to vary only slightly (≤0.24 eV) between different phases and at different compositions of U and U-Zr; thus, a single Ueff=1.24 eV, which is the statistical optimal from energetic fitting, is suggested for both U and U-Zr. Besides correlation, the relativistic effect of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is also systematically explored. SOC is found to lower energy, increase volume, and split the 5f shell above Fermi level and reduce f-orbital occupation. The effect predominates in the unoccupied states and is very small on all these calculated ground state properties (∼0.02 eV/atom in terms of enthalpy).

关键词： NUCLEAR reactors HUBBARD model ELECTRONIC structure FERMI level MAGNETIC moments

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Micro-optofluidic ring resonator structures for selective detection of organic vapors

Micro-optofluidic ring resonator structures for selective de...

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2013 17th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems, TRANSDUCERS and EUROSENSORS 2013

作者： Scholten, K. Reddy, K. Fan, X. Zellers, E.T. Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Environmental Health Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467359818

A microfabricated optofluidic ring resonator (μOFRR) sensor for volatile organic compounds (VOC) is described. SiOx optical resonators integrated into a microfluidic pathway were defined lithographically and fabricated via Si micromachining. Whispering gallery mode resonances with quality factors exceeding 104 were excited in devices with diameters of 50-250 μm and wall thicknesses of 1.5-2 μm. Fluidic interconnections and structures for alignment of optical fiber waveguides were integrated into the larger μOFRRs. Devices coated internally with a thin PDMS layer exhibit shifts in resonant wavelengths during VOC exposure with sub-ng detection limits. In related work, selective VOC measurements obtained with plasmonic films of functionalized nanoparticles are described, with a goal of using them in place of polymer coatings in the μOFRR. A thin film of octanethiolate monolayer protected gold nanoparticles (MPN) was coated on a planar substrate and capped with a microfluidic cell. Reflected light from one of two single wavelength sources (783 nm and 488 nm) was measured during separate dynamic exposures to two VOCs. The decrease in reflected light intensity, due to film selling and changes in the local surface plasmon resonance band, was proportional to the VOC concentration. The ratio of responses at each wavelength provided a pattern unique to each VOC. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Optical fibers

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Solution-processed zinc oxide nanoparticles as interlayer materials for inverted organic solar cells

Solution-processed zinc oxide nanoparticles as interlayer ma...

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作者： Ibrahem, Mohammed Aziz Wei, Hung-Yu Tsai, Meng-Hung Ho, Kuo-Chuan Shyue, Jing-Jong Chu, Chih Wie Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Research Center of Applied Science Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Nanoscience and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Material Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Photonics National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan

This paper describes inverted bulk heterojunction organic solar cells featuring solution-processed zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as an electron extraction layer, prepared at relatively low annealing temperatures (≤150°C). A solution of ZnO NPs (average size: 25 nm) was prepared using a wet grinding method. When the ZnO interlayer was present in the solar cell, the vertical phase separation of the active layers prepared with and without solvent annealing exhibited similar gradient concentrations and, therefore, similar photocurrent generation, both of which were superior to those of conventional devices incorporating a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) hole extraction layer. We attribute this vertical phase separation to the similar surface energies of the fullerene derivative and the ZnO interlayer. Under simulated air mass (AM) 1.5 G illumination at 100 mW cm-2, the power conversion efficiency of the optimized device was approximately 4%. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Erratum: “Effect of dimensionality on the continuum percolation of overlapping hyperspheres and hypercubes. II. Simulation results and analyses” [J. Chem. Phys. 137, 074106 (2012)]

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The Journal of Chemical physics 2014年第15期141卷

作者： S. Torquato Y. Jiao 1Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton Center for Theoretical Science and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA 2Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

In Table I and the caption of Fig. 8 of Ref. 1, the numerical value of the percolation threshold ηc of three-dimensional overlapping spheres as determined via t

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Bacterial cellulose based hydrogel (BC-g-AA) and preliminary result of swelling behavior

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2013年第1期1571卷 866-870页

作者： Adil Hakam Azwan Mat Lazim I. Irman Abdul Rahman UKM-MIMOS Laboratory School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology National University of Malaysia (UKM) Malaysia Laboratory of Gamma Radiation Instrument Science Nuclear Program School of Applied Physics National University of Malaysia (UKM) Malaysia

In this study, hydrogel based on Bacterial cellulose (BC) or local known as Nata de Coco, which grafted with monomer: Acrylic acid (AA) is synthesis by using gamma radiation technique. These hydrogel (BC-g-AA) has uni...

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Nanofluidics-enabled statistical physics in biosystems: nanoscale electrokinetics, single molecule tug-of-war, and bacterial protein oscillators

Nanofluidics-enabled statistical physics in biosystems: nano...

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第二届全国统计物理与复杂系统学术会议暨第七届海峡两岸统计物理研讨会

作者： Chia-Fu Chou Kuo-Tang Liao Jia-Wei Yeh Alessandro Taloni Jie-Pan Shen Yi-Ren Chang Li-Ling Yang Department of Engineering and System Sciences National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu 30013Taiwan Department of Applied Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Institute of Physics Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia SinicaTaipei 11529Taiwan Institute of Physics Institute of Physics CNR-IENI Via R.Cozzi 5320125 MilanoItaly Institute of Physics Nanoscience and Technology/Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia SinicaTaipei 11529Taiwan Institute of Physics Genomics Research Center

Given its simplicity in geometry, nanofluidic confinement, in the forms of nanoslits and nanoconstrictions, nevertheless offers unique platforms for the study of molecular biophysics and biosensing applications [1-4].We recently demonstrated a new approach, molecular dam, to enhance mass transport for protein enrichment in nanofluidic channels by nanoscale electrodeless dielectrophoresis [5] under physiological buffer conditions [6, 7].

关键词： Electrokinetics DNA Protein Microfluidics Nanofluidics Dielectrophoresis Entropic recoiling Single molecules

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