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Nonlinear Geometric Effects in Mechanical Bistable Morphing Structures

Physical Review Letters 2012年第11期109卷 114302-114302页

作者： Zi Chen Qiaohang Guo Carmel Majidi Wenzhe Chen David J. Srolovitz Mikko P. Haataja Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM) Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University St. Louis Missouri 63130 USA College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China Department of Mathematics and Physics Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China Institute for High Performance Computing 1 Fusionopolis Way Singapore 138632 Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA School of Mathematics Institute for Advanced Study Princeton New Jersey 08540 USA

Bistable structures associated with nonlinear deformation behavior, exemplified by the Venus flytrap and slap bracelet, can switch between different functional shapes upon actuation. Despite numerous efforts in modeling such large deformation behavior of shells, the roles of mechanical and nonlinear geometric effects on bistability remain elusive. We demonstrate, through both theoretical analysis and tabletop experiments, that two dimensionless parameters control bistability. Our work classifies the conditions for bistability, and extends the large deformation theory of plates and shells.

关键词： NONLINEAR theories DEFORMATIONS (Mechanics) PARAMETER estimation OPTICAL bistability STRUCTURAL shells PLATES (Engineering) CRYSTAL structure

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Invited paper: LTPS backplane technologies for AMLCDs and AMOLEDs

Invited paper: LTPS backplane technologies for AMLCDs and AM...

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49th Annual SID Symposium, Seminar, and Exhibition 2011, Display Week 2011

作者： Kim, Chi Woo Jung, Jin Goo Choi, Jae Beom Kim, Deok Hui Yi, Chung Kim, Hye Dong Choi, Yun Ho Im, James Process Development Team 1 Samsung Mobile Display Co. Ltd. Cheonan-City Chungcheongnam-Do Korea Republic of Process Development Team 2 Samsung Mobile Display Co. Ltd. Giheung-Gu Yongin-City Gyeonggi-Do Korea Republic of Program in Materials Science and Engineering Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618390967

In this paper, we review various LTPS backplane technologies based on laser-crystallization and other related methods that have been applied to AMLCD and AMOLED displays. The TFT performances obtained by different melt-mediated crystallization methods with excimer laser and solid phase crystallization will be compared. The technical issues of the image quality and the resolution will be discussed.

关键词： Excimer lasers

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Broadband antireflective glasses with subwavelength structures using randomly distributed Ag nanoparticles

Broadband antireflective glasses with subwavelength structur...

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作者： Park, Gyeong Cheol Song, Young Min Ha, Jong-Hoon Lee, Yong Tak Department of Information and Communications Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Department OfNanobio Materials and Electronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of

We demonstrate broadband antireflective glasses with subwavelength structures (SWSs) using randomly distributed Ag nanoparticles. Ag nanoparticles formed by a thermal dewetting process were used as an etch mask for dry etching to fabricate antireflective SWSs on the glass surface. The size and shape of Ag nanoparticles are changed by the different thickness of the Ag thin film. The morphology of SWSs fabricated by using the Ag thin films is well consistent with that of the Ag nanoparticles. The single-side SWS integrated glass exhibits improved transmittance of ∼96% at 750 nm due to the graded refractive index profiles, while the transmittance is only ∼92.5% for the flat surface. To reduce Fresnel reflection at the other side of the glass substrate, the SWSs with optimized Ag film thickness and dry etching conditions are formed on both sides of the glass. The dual-side SWS integrated glass show an average transmittance of ∼97.5% in a wavelength range of 350-750 nm. Transmission band shrinkage effects of the SWS integrated glass are also observed with increased average size of the Ag nanoparticles. Copyright © 2011 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

关键词： Metal nanoparticles

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Fabrication of uniform QPM device using negative multiple pulse poling method

Fabrication of uniform QPM device using negative multiple pu...

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2011 International Quantum Electronics Conference, IQEC 2011 and Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO Pacific Rim 2011

作者： Choi, Ju Won Kang, Heejong Ko, Do-Kyeong Ro, Jung Hoon Yu, Nan Ei Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Advanced Photonics Research Institute Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Pusan National University Busan 602-739 Korea Republic of

We introduced a novel negative multiple pulse poling (NMP) method for uniform device fabrication of quasi-phase matching using an in-situ visualization system. Diffraction pattern analysis showed the duty ratio of 0.4... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9780977565771

关键词： Fabrication

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Squaraine donors for high efficiency small molecule solar cells

Squaraine donors for high efficiency small molecule solar ce...

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37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, PVSC 2011

作者： Wei, Guodan Wang, Siyi Xiao, Xin Renshaw, C. Kyle Hall, Lincoln Diev, Vyacheslav V. Thompson, Mark E. Forrest, Stephen R. Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Chemistry University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424499656

It has been a challenge to achieve high efficiency organic photovoltaics (OPV) that absorb long wavelength solar radiation without incurring unacceptable reductions in open circuit voltage (Voc) or charge separation efficiency. Based on the parent structure of the 2, 4-bis[4-(N, N-diisobutylamino)-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl] squaraine (SQ), we have increased V oc using a family of highly near-infrared absorbing SQs, achieving values as high as 0.94 V. These SQ donors are: 2, 4-bis[4-(N-Phenyl-1- naphthylamino)-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl] squaraine (1-NPSQ),2,4-bis[4-(N, N-diphenylamino)-2,6 dihydroxyphenyl] squaraine (DPSQ), 2,4-bis[4-(N, N-diphenylamino)-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl] asymmetric squaraine (DPASQ). The spin-cast SQ, 1-NPSQ, DPSQ and DPASQ donors are then coated with the acceptor C60 to form bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells that take advantage of their exceptionally high absorption coefficient and nanocrystalline morphology to overcome the short diffusion length characteristic of these materials. Combined with a high short-circuit current density (J sc=10.6 mA/cm2) and high fill factor (FF=0.64), the optimized 1-NPSQ/C60 photovoltaic cells with 1-NPSQ annealed at elevated temperature have a power conversion efficiency of ηp as high as 6.0% (correcting for solar mismatch) at 1 sun (AM 1.5G) simulated solar illumination, which to our knowledge is the highest efficiency reported to date for small molecule OPVs. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Solar cells

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Biosensors: Graphene-Oxide-Based Immunosensing through Fluorescence Quenching by Peroxidase-Catalyzed Polymerization (Small 13/2012)

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Small 2012年第13期8卷

作者： Seong Yoon Lim Junhyoung Ahn Joon Seok Lee Min-Gon Kim Chan Beum Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Korea Biomonitoring Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) 125 Science Road Daejeon 305-806 Korea Advanced Photonics Research Institute Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Chan Beum Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Korea. Min-Gon Kim Advanced Photonics Research Institute Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea

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Particle-scale structure in frozen colloidal suspensions from small-angle x-ray scattering

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Physical Review E 2011年第2期83卷 021402-021402页

作者： Melissa Spannuth S. G. J. Mochrie S. S. L. Peppin J. S. Wettlaufer Department of Geology and Geophysics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA and Program in Applied Mathematics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA

During directional solidification of the solvent in a colloidal suspension, the colloidal particles segregate from the growing solid, forming high-particle-density regions with structure on a hierarchy of length scales ranging from that of the particle-scale packing to the large-scale spacing between these regions. Previous work has concentrated mostly on the medium- to large-length scale structure, as it is the most accessible and thought to be more technologically relevant. However, the packing of the colloids at the particle scale is an important component not only in theoretical descriptions of the segregation process, but also to the utility of freeze-cast materials for new applications. Here we present the results of experiments in which we investigated this structure across a wide range of length scales using a combination of small-angle x-ray scattering and direct optical imaging. As expected, during freezing the particles were concentrated into regions between ice dendrites forming a microscopic pattern of high- and low-particle-density regions. X-ray scattering indicates that the particles in the high-density regions were so closely packed as to be touching. However, the arrangement of the particles does not conform to that predicted by standard interparticle pair potentials, suggesting that the particle packing induced by freezing differs from that formed during equilibrium densification processes.

关键词： Small angle X ray scattering Solid state forms Freezing Colloids Frozen Segregation process Directional solidification

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Excimer-Laser-Induced Melting and Solidification of PECVD a-Si films under Partial-Melting Conditions

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MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) 2011年第1期1321卷 mrss11-1321-a06-10-mrss11-1321-a06-10页

作者： Q. Hu Catherine S. Lee T. Li Y. Deng U.J. Chung A. B. Limanov A. M. Chitu M.O. Thompson James S. Im Program in Materials Science and Engineering Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY USA

This paper reports on new experimental findings and conclusions regarding the pulsed-laser-induced melting-and-solidification behavior of PECVD a-Si films. The experimental findings reveal that, within the partial-melting regime, these a-Si films can melt and solidify in ways that are distinct from, and more complex than, those encountered in microcrystalline-cluster-rich LPCVD a-Si films. Specifically (1) spatially dispersed and temporally stochastic nucleation of crystalline solids occurring relatively effectively at the moving liquid-amorphous interface, (2) very defective crystal growth that leads to the formation of fine-grained Si proceeding, at least initially after the nucleation, at a sufficiently rapidly moving crystal solidification front, and (3) the propensity for local preferential remelting of the defective regions and grain boundaries (while the beam is still on) are identified as being some of the fundamental factors that can participate and affect how these PECVD films melt and solidify.

关键词： crystalline laser annealing amorphous

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Ultrafast laser alignment and processing of carbon nanotube films

Ultrafast laser alignment and processing of carbon nanotube ...

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2010 MRS Fall Meeting

作者： Murphy, Ryan D. Abere, Michael J. Zhang, Huanan Sun, Haiping Torralva, Ben Mansfield, John F. Kotov, Nick Yalisove, Steven M. Applied Physics Program University of Michigan 2477 Randall Laboratory Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan 2300 Hayward St. Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan 2300 Hayward St. Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618395153

Organized nanostructures are formed after irradiation of layers of randomly aligned single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT)-polymer composites by a Ti:Sapphire 775 nm laser with a 150 fs pulse at fluences near 0.1 J/cm2. At varying peak fluences morphology is seen where the tubes are ejected from the substrate or formed into long, parallel structures of SWNT's. These structures have been created on both glass substrates and carbon grids. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) investigation of the structures reveal that they are composed of bundled nanotubes typically 400 nm - 1 micron long. Largearea laser patterning of the film allows for structuring of the film without detrimental decreases in conductivity. © 2011 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Glass substrates

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Flash-Lamp-Induced Lateral Solidification of Thin Si Films

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MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) 2011年第1期1321卷 mrss11-1321-a03-04-mrss11-1321-a03-04页

作者： K. Omori G.S. Ganot U.J. Chung A.M. Chitu A.B. Limanov James S. Im Program in Materials Science and Engineering Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY USA Technical Development Department The Japan Steel Works LTD. Yokohama Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Korea

In this paper we show that a flash lamp can be employed to induce controlled lateral solidification of a-Si thin films. Specifically, a dual xenon-arc-lamp-based system was utilized to induce location-controlled complete melting by shaping the incident beam using a contact mask. The resulting laterally solidified microstructure consisted of exceptionally long grains (~10s to ~100s of μm) that were relatively free of intragrain-defects. With further development and optimization, the approach may lead to cost-effective/high-throughput processes and systems that can capture and enhance the advantages of laser-based/melt-mediated crystallization techniques.

关键词： crystal growth thin film laser annealing

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