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2374. Genomic Characteristics of RecurrentStaphylococcus aureusSkin and Soft-Tissue Infection Among US Army Trainees

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2018年第SUPPL_1期5卷 S707–S707页

作者： Verratti, Kathleen Player, Robert Wood, Shannon Schlett, Carey Elassal, Emad Forsyth, Ellen Ellis, Michael Tribble, David R Millar, Eugene Bennett, Jason Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory Laurel Maryland Infectious Diseases Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Bethesda Maryland Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda Maryland Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc. Bethesda Maryland International Reagent Resource American Type Tissue Collection Manassas Virginia University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences Toledo Ohio Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Silver Spring Maryland Department of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda Maryland

Background Skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTI) are common among military recruits, and some experience recurrent SSTI (two infections ≥30 days apart) during training. We used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to assess the relatedness of strains from recurrent S. aureus SSTI cases and their close contacts. Methods From 2010 to 2014, we prospectively identified SSTI cases among US Army Infantry trainees (Fort Benning, GA), obtaining infection swabs at the time of presentation for all SSTIs and multiple anatomic site colonization swabs at the time of presentation for the first infection. Thereafter, we selected cases of recurrent S. aureus SSTI with phenotypically concordant paired isolates (e.g., MRSA-MRSA). We also selected concordant colonization isolates from recurrent cases as well as concordant infection isolates from SSTI cases in the same training class as the recurrent case. Isolates were characterized by WGS. The number of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) differences between isolates was calculated. Phylogenetic trees were constructed to identify patterns of intra- vs. extra-host S. aureus acquisition among cases of recurrent infection. Results We identified 23 cases of recurrent S. aureus SSTI with concordant infection isolates (18 MRSA). The median (range) pairwise SNP difference for intrahost infection isolates was 15 (0–3,768); 12 (0–348), MRSA and 310 (3–3,768), MSSA. Nine (39%) were colonized with a concordant strain (5 MRSA), yielding 14 colonization isolates (7 MRSA). The median pairwise SNP difference between intrahost colonization and recurrent infection isolates was 57 (2–3,582); 5 (2–3,582), MRSA and 167 (2–313), MSSA. Infection isolates from 33 proximal cases (27 MRSA) were identified. The median pairwise SNP difference between recurrent infection isolates and that of a proximal case was 24 (1–531); 20 (1–216), MRSA and 307 (286–531), MSSA. Variant analysis showed no difference between the number of putative high impact SNPs between infection

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Author Correction: Highly efficient, heat dissipating, stretchable organic light-emitting diodes based on a MoO3/Au/MoO3 electrode with encapsulation

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Nature communications 2021年第1期12卷 7355页

作者： Dae Keun Choi Dong Hyun Kim Chang Min Lee Hassan Hafeez Subrata Sarker Jun Su Yang Hyung Ju Chae Geon-Woo Jeong Dong Hyun Choi Tae Wook Kim Seunghyup Yoo Jinouk Song Boo Soo Ma Taek-Soo Kim Chul Hoon Kim Hyun Jae Lee Jae Woo Lee Donghyun Kim Tae-Sung Bae Seung Min Yu Yong-Cheol Kang Juyun Park Kyoung-Ho Kim Muhammad Sujak Myungkwan Song Chang-Su Kim Seung Yoon Ryu Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Display Convergence College of Science and Technology Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. Department of Applied Physics Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. E-ICT-Culture-Sports Convergence Track Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Display Convergence College of Science and Technology Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. hassaniskt@***. Department of Applied Physics Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. hassaniskt@***. School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea. Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea. Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry College of Science and Technology Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology Korea University Sejong Republic of Korea. Jeonju Center Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) Analysis & Researcher Division Jeollabuk-do Republic of Korea. Department of Chemistry Pukyong National University 45 Yongso-Ro Nam-gu Busan Republic of Korea. Department of Physics Chungbuk National University Cheongju Republic of Korea. Surface Materials Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) Changwon Republic of Korea. Surface Materials Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) Changwon Republic of Korea. cskim1025@kims.re.kr. Division of Display and Semiconductor Physics Display Convergence College of Science and Technology Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. justie74@korea.ac.kr. Department of Applied Physics Korea University Sejong Campus Sejong City Republic of Korea. justie74@korea.ac.kr. E-ICT-Culture-Sports Conve

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Human neutralizing antibodies isolated from a Zika patient and their molecular determinants

Human neutralizing antibodies isolated from a Zika patient a...

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第十一届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Wang Qihui Yang Huabing Liu Xiaoqing Dai Lianpan Ma Tong Qi Jianxun Wong Gary Peng Ruchao Liu Sheng Li Junfu Li Shihua Song Jian Liu Jianying He Jianhua Yuan Hui Xiong Ying Liao Yong Li Jianhua Yang Jianping Tong Zhou Griffin Bryan Bi Yuhai Liang Mifang Xu Xiaoning Qin Chuan Cheng Gong Wang Peiyi Qiu Xiangguo Kobinger Gary Shi Yi Yan Jinghua Gao Fu CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital School of Life Sciences Anhui University Jiangxi province center for disease control and prevention Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH) Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE) Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases School of Medicine Tsinghua University Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Ganzhou Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention Special Pathogens Program National Microbiology Laboratory Public Health Agency of Canada National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) MRC Human Immunology Unit University of Oxford Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Comparative Medicine Ministry of Health Institute of Medical Laboratory Animal Science Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Faculty of Biological Science University of Leeds College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zika virus infections are associated with fetal microcephaly,neurological complications and constitute a public health ***,we report the isolation of 13 specific,human-origin monoclonal antibodies from an imported Zika case to *** of the isolated antibodies(Z23 and Z3L1)demonstrate potent Zika-specific neutralization in vitro without binding or neutralizing activity against Zika’s closest relative Dengue virus(DENV)1-4,

关键词： Zika virus envelope protein human neutralizing MAbs B cell sequencing crystal structure Cryo-EM

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Navigating the challenges in creating complex data systems: a development philosophy

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Dittmer, Sören Roberts, Michael Gilbey, Julian Biguri, Ander Preller, Jacobus Rudd, James H.F. Aston, John A.D. Schönlieb, Carola-Bibiane Selby, Ian Breger, Anna Thorpe, Matthew Weir-McCall, Jonathan R. Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni Korhonen, Anna Jefferson, Emily Langs, Georg Yang, Guang Prosch, Helmut Stanczuk, Jan Tang, Jing Babar, Judith Sánchez, Lorena Escudero Teare, Philip Patel, Mishal Wassin, Marcel Holzer, Markus Walton, Nicholas Lió, Pietro Shadbahr, Tolou Sala, Evis Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Addenbrooke’s Hospital Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom ZeTeM University of Bremen Bremen Germany Department of Radiology University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Faculty of Mathematics University of Vienna Austria Department of Mathematics University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Royal Papworth Hospital Cambridge Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge United Kingdom Language Technology Laboratory University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Population Health and Genomics School of Medicine University of Dundee Dundee United Kingdom Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy Computational Imaging Research Lab Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London United Kingdom Research Program in Systems Oncology Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Data Science & Artificial Intelligence AstraZeneca Cambridge United Kingdom Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences AstraZeneca Cambridge United Kingdom Contextflow GmbH Vienna Austria Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom

In this perspective, we argue that despite the democratization of powerful tools for data science and machine learning over the last decade, developing the code for a trustworthy and effective data science system (DSS) is getting harder. Perverse incentives and a lack of widespread software engineering (SE) skills are among many root causes we identify that naturally give rise to the current systemic crisis in reproducibility of DSSs. We analyze why SE and building large complex systems is, in general, hard. Based on these insights, we identify how SE addresses those difficulties and how we can apply and generalize SE methods to construct DSSs that are fit for purpose. We advocate two key development philosophies, namely that one should incrementally grow – not biphasically plan and build – DSSs, and one should always employ two types of feedback loops during development: one which tests the code’s correctness and another that evaluates the code’s efficacy. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Software engineering

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ACQUISITION REFORM AND BEST PRODUCT PROCUREMENT - AN ENGINEERING VIEW

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第6期106卷 41-57页

作者： FISHER, DA SKOLNICK, A He has been involved with several weapon system developments. Among these were the Trident II fire control and navigation systems the BSY-I Anti-Submarine Warfare System and the Navy standard computers (UYK44 and EMSP). He served as manager of the Digital Circuits Engineering Branch and was then appointed as manager of the Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) Technology Division. As manager of the ATE Technology Division he was responsible for the SP-23 Fire Control System Support Project the SP-24 Navigation Project and the Fleet Progressive Maintenance Program (2M/ATE). This Division was responsible for selection and application of electronic product technology and for developing fleet test and repair techniques. He holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Evansville and is currently pursuing a Masters of Public Administration at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis. Dr. Alfred Skolnick:retired from the Navy in 1983 with the rank of captain. He is president of System Science Consultants (SSC) specializing in strategic planning technical program definition technology assessment and engineering analyses on selected matters of national interest. Dr. Skolnick taught mathematics and management sciences at University of Virginia and Marymount University. He is adjunct faculty at Northern Virginia Community College. From 1985 to 1989 he was president of the American Society of Naval Engineers. In the Navy he served at Applied Physics Laboratory/The Johns Hopkins University then aboard USSBoston(CAG-1) and played leading roles in several weapon system developments inertial navigation (Polaris) deep submergence (DSRV) and advanced ship designs (SES). He later was director Combat System Integration Naval Sea Systems Command and head Combat Projects Naval Ship Engineering Center. In 1975 he became a major project manager and led the Navy's High Energy Lasers Program in 1981 he was assigned all Navy Directed Energy Weapons development efforts. He was vice president advanced tech

The military services are being moved in the direction of performance-based specifications and standards. They are being steered against dictating ''how to'' produce an item since such action forecloses on the ability to gain access to components or technology that may have a commercial equivalent. Why should the engineering community embrace the new approach? Aside from the obvious weight of it being approved policy, therefore currently mandated, it warrants examination because it is the correct approach at this time when applied to appropriate products. Military specifications and standards are to be displaced then, by acceptable alternative contractor design solutions. Industry bidders will be allowed to propose the particular design details, permitting procurement flexibility by contractually citing only system level or interface requirements, both physical and functional. Hopefully, this can broaden the industrial base and increase competition with reduced costs to follow. Conceptually, the approach appears both performance-sensible and cost-attractive (there are, of course, consequent risks) but how does implementation proceed? Is it possible to pursue the goals envisioned along paths that are not in themselves experimental? Can the American postulate, minimal loss of life and limb to U.S. military people, continue to be honored? Experience and track record elsewhere imply encouraging possibilities in select situations-useful prospects are identified and discussed in practical terms.

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Lung cancer cells detection by a photoelectrochemical MoS2 biosensing chip

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Biomedical Optics Express 2024年第2期15卷 753-771页

作者： Chun-Liang Lai Riya Karmakar Arvind Mukundan Wei-Chung Chen I-Chen Wu Vladimir E. Fedorov Shih-Wei Feng Ubol Choomjinda Shu-Fang Huang Hsiang-Chen Wang Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Department of Internal Medicine Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation No. 2 Minsheng Road Dalin Chiayi 62247 Taiwan School of Medicine Tzu Chi University 701 Zhongyang Rd. Sec. 3 Hualien 97004 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering and Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS) National Chung Cheng Universityhttps://***/0028v3876 168 University Road Min Hsiung Chiayi City 62102 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan Department of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University No. 100 Tzyou 1st Rd. Sanmin Dist. Kaohsiung City 80756 Taiwan Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk 630090 Russia Department of Natural Sciences Novosibirsk State University 1 Pirogova str. Novosibirsk 630090 Russia Department of Applied Physics National University of Kaohsiung 700 Kaohsiung University Rd. Nanzih District Kaohsiung 81148 Taiwan School of Nursing Shinawatra University 99 Moo 10 Bangtoey Samkhok Pathum Thani 12160 Thailand Division of Chest Medicine Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital 2 Zhongzheng 1st. Rd. Kaohsiung City 80284 Taiwan ryanhuang1128@*** hcwang@ccu.edu.tw (hcwang@ccu.edu.tw)

This research aims to explore the potential application of this approach in the production of biosensor chips. The biosensor chip is utilized for the identification and examination of early-stage lung cancer cells. The findings of the optical microscope were corroborated by the field emission scanning electron microscopy, which provided further evidence that the growth of MoS 2 is uniform and that there is minimal disruption in the electrode, hence minimizing the likelihood of an open circuit creation. Furthermore, the bilayer structure of the produced MoS 2 has been validated through the utilization of Raman spectroscopy. A research investigation was undertaken to measure the photoelectric current generated by three various types of clinical samples containing lung cancer cells, specifically the CL1, NCI-H460, and NCI-H520 cell lines. The findings from the empirical analysis indicate that the coefficient of determination (R-Square) for the linear regression model was approximately 98%. Furthermore, the integration of a double-layer MoS 2 film resulted in a significant improvement of 38% in the photocurrent, as observed in the device's performance.

关键词： Absorption coefficient Chemical vapor deposition Optical absorption Physical vapor deposition Scanning electron microscopy Thin films

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5th Anniversary Article: A Lesson from Plants: High-Speed Soft Robotic Actuators (Adv. Sci. 5/2020)

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Advanced Science 2020年第5期7卷 2070024-2070024页

作者： Richard Baumgartner Alexander Kogler Josef M. Stadlbauer Choon Chiang Foo Rainer Kaltseis Melanie Baumgartner Guoyong Mao Christoph Keplinger Soo Jin Adrian Koh Nikita Arnold Zhigang Suo Martin Kaltenbrunner Siegfried Bauer Soft Matter Physics Institute of Experimental Physics Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Straße 69 Linz 4040 Austria Soft Materials Lab Linz Institute of Technology LIT Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Straße 69 Linz 4040 Austria Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR 1 Fusionopolis Way #16-16 Connexis Singapore 138632 Singapore Institute of Polymer Science Johannes Kepler University Linz Altenberger Straße 69 Linz 4040 Austria Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO 80309 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO 80303 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore 117575 Singapore John A Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University 29 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA

Explosion of ping‐pong balls that is caused by the rapid inflation of an elastomer membrane. The illustrated ultrafast actuation is based on a plant‐inspired mechanical instability that occurs in natural rubber and can be remotely triggered, presented in article number https://***/10.1002/advs.201903391 by Martin Kaltenbrunner and co‐workers. These new types of high‐speed soft actuators have potential applications in object sorting or grasping.

关键词： bioinspired dielectric elastomer actuators coupled dielectric elastomer balloons snap-buckling snap-through instabilities soft robotics for high-speed actuation

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Insights from the first flaring activity of a high-synchrotron-peaked blazar with X-ray polarization and VHE gamma rays

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Abe, K. Abe, S. Abhir, J. Abhishek, A. Acciari, V.A. Aguasca-Cabot, A. Agudo, I. Aniello, T. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Engels, A. Arbet Arcaro, C. Asano, K. Babić, A. de Almeida, U. Barres Barrio, J.A. Barrios-Jiménez, L. Batković, I. Baxter, J. González, J. Becerra Bednarek, W. Bernardini, E. Bernete, J. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Bronzini, E. Burelli, I. Campoy-Ordaz, A. Carosi, A. Carosi, R. Carretero-Castrillo, M. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Cerasole, D. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Chilingarian, A. Cifuentes, A. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D’Ammando, F. D’Amico, G. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. de Menezes, R. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Mendez, C. Delgado Di Pierro, F. Di Tria, R. Di Venere, L. Dinesh, A. Prester, D. Dominis Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Eisenberger, L. Elsaesser, D. Escudero, J. Fariña, L. Foffano, L. Font, L. Fröse, S. Fukazawa, Y. López, R.J. García Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Paiva, J.G. Giesbrecht Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinović, N. Gradetzke, T. Grau, R. Green, D. Green, J.G. Günther, P. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Heckmann, L. Llorente, J. Herrera Hrupec, D. Imazawa, R. Israyelyan, D. Itokawa, T. Martínez, I. Jiménez Quiles, J. Jiménez Jormanainen, J. Kankkunen, S. Kayanoki, T. Kerszberg, D. Khachatryan, M. Kluge, G.W. Kobayashi, Y. Konrad, J. Kouch, P.M. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Láinez, M. Lamastra, A. Lindfors, E. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Lorini, A. Lyard, E. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Maneva, G. Manganaro, M. Mangano, S. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Martínez, M. Maruševec, P. Mas-Aguilar, A. Mazin, D. Menchiari, S. Mender, S. Miceli, D. Miranda, J.M. Mirzoyan, R. González, M. Molero Molina, E. Mondal, H.A. Moralejo, A. Nakamori, T. Nanci, C. Neustroev, V. Nickel, L. Rosillo, M. Nievas Nigro, C. Nikolic, L. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, K. Ekoume, T. Njoh Japanese MAGIC Group Department of Physics Tokai University Kanagawa Hiratsuka259-1292 Japan The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Università di Siena INFN Pisa SienaI-53100 Italy Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain RomeI-00136 Italy Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik GarchingD-85748 Germany Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy Zagreb10000 Croatia URCA RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain Departament de Física CERES-IEEC Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Università di Pisa INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Bari Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy Armenian MAGIC Group A. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory Yerevan0036 Armenia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Norway INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Torino Università degli Studi di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy Croatian MAGIC Group University of Rijeka Faculty of Physics Rijeka51000 Croatia Universität Würzburg WürzburgD-97074 Germany Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Japanese MAGIC Group Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Armenian MAGIC Gr

Context. Blazars exhibit strong variability across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, including periods of high-flux states commonly dubbed as flares. The physical mechanisms in blazar jets responsible for flares remain to date poorly understood. Aims. We aim to better understand the emission mechanisms during blazar flares using X-ray polarimetry and broadband observations from the archetypical TeV blazar Mrk 421, which can be studied with higher accuracy than other blazars that are dimmer and/or located farther away. Methods. We study a flaring activity from December 2023 that was characterized from radio to very-high-energy (VHE;E > 0.1 TeV) gamma rays with MAGIC, Fermi-LAT, Swift, XMM-Newton and several optical and radio telescopes. These observations included, for the first time for a gamma-ray flare of a blazar, simultaneous X-ray polarization measurements with IXPE, besides optical and radio polarimetry data. We quantify the variability and correlations among the multi-band flux and polarization measurements, and describe the varying broadband emission within a theoretical scenario constrained by the polarization data. Results. We find substantial variability in both X-rays and VHE gamma rays throughout the campaign, with the highest VHE flux above 0.2 TeV occurring during the IXPE observing window, and exceeding twice the flux of the Crab Nebula. However, the VHE and X-ray spectra are on average softer, and the correlation between these two bands weaker that those reported in previous flares of Mrk 421. IXPE reveals an X-ray polarization degree significantly higher than that at radio and optical frequencies, similar to previous results on Mrk 421 and other high-synchrotron-peaked blazars. Differently to past observations, the X-ray polarization angle varies by ∼100◦ on timescales of days, and the polarization degree changes by more than a factor 4. The highest X-ray polarization degree, analyzed in 12 hrs time intervals, reaches 26 ± 2%, around which an X-

关键词： Gamma rays

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EMPRESS. X. Spatially resolved mass-metallicity relation in extremely metal-poor galaxies: Evidence of episodic star-formation fueled by a metal-poor gas infall

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Nakajima, Kimihiko Ouchi, Masami Isobe, Yuki Xu, Yi Ozaki, Shinobu Nagao, Tohru Inoue, Akio K. Rauch, Michael Kusakabe, Haruka Onodera, Masato Nishigaki, Moka Ono, Yoshiaki Sugahara, Yuma Hattori, Takashi Hirai, Yutaka Hashimoto, Takuya Kim, Ji Hoon Moriya, Takashi J. Yanagisawa, Hiroto Aoyama, Shohei Fujimoto, Seiji Fukushima, Hajime Fukushima, Keita Harikane, Yuichi Hatano, Shun Hayashi, Kohei Ishigaki, Tsuyoshi Kawasaki, Masahiro Kojima, Takashi Komiyama, Yutaka Koyama, Shuhei Koyama, Yusei Lee, Chien-Hsiu Matsumoto, Akinori Mawatari, Ken Motohara, Kentaro Murai, Kai Nagamine, Kentaro Nakane, Minami Saito, Tomoki Sasaki, Rin Shibuya, Takatoshi Suzuki, Akihiro Takeuchi, Tsutomu T. Umeda, Hiroya Umemura, Masayuki Watanabe, Kuria Yabe, Kiyoto Yajima, Hidenobu Zhang, Yechi National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Osawa 2-21-1 Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge 19 JJ Thomson Avenue CambridgeCB3 0HE United Kingdom Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Research Center for Space and Cosmic Evolution Ehime University Bunkyo-cho 2-5 Ehime Matsuyama790-8577 Japan Department of Physics School of Advanced Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science 813 Santa Barbara St. PasadenaCA91101 United States Observatoire de Genève Université de Genève 51 Chemin de Pégase Versoix1290 Switzerland 650 North Aohoku Place HiloHI96720 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Notre Dame 225 Nieuwland Science Hall Notre DameIN46556 United States Astronomical Institute Tohoku University 6-3 Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai980-8578 Japan Division of Physics Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8571 Japan Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8571 Japan Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of SNU Astronomy Research Cent

Using the Subaru/FOCAS IFU capability, we examine the spatially resolved relationships between gas-phase metallicity, stellar mass, and star-formation rate surface densities (Σ★ and ΣSFR, respectively) in extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs) in the local universe. Our analysis includes 24 EMPGs, comprising 9,177 spaxels, which span a unique parameter space of local metallicity (12 + log(O/H) 6.9 to 7.9) and stellar mass surface density (Σ★ ∼ 105 to 107 Mo kpc−2), extending beyond the range of existing large integral-field spectroscopic surveys. Through spatially resolved emission line diagnostics based on the [N ii] BPT-diagram, we verify the absence of evolved active galactic nuclei in these EMPGs. Our findings reveal that, while the resolved mass-metallicity relation exhibits significant scatter in the low-mass regime, this scatter is closely correlated with local star-formation surface density. Specifically, metallicity decreases as ΣSFR increases for a given Σ★. Notably, half of the EMPGs show a distinct metal-poor horizontal branch on the resolved mass-metallicity relation. This feature typically appears at the peak clump with the highest Σ★ and ΣSFR and is surrounded by a relatively metal-enriched ambient region. These findings support a scenario in which metal-poor gas infall fuels episodic star formation in EMPGs, consistent with the kinematic properties observed in these systems. In addition, we identify four EMPGs with exceptionally low central metallicities (12 + log(O/H) 7.2), which display only a metal-poor clump without a surrounding metal-rich region. This suggests that such ultra-low metallicity EMPGs, at less than a few percent of the solar metallicity, may serve as valuable analogs for galaxies in the early stages of galaxy evolution. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spectroscopic analysis

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Fiber‐in‐Tube Design of Co9S8‐Carbon/Co9S8: Enabling Efficient Sodium Storage

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Angewandte Chemie 2019年第19期131卷

作者： Xiaoyan Li Kaikai Li Sicong Zhu Ke Fan Linlong Lyu Haimin Yao Yiyang Li Jinlian Hu Haitao Huang Yiu‐Wing Mai John B. Goodenough Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Institute of Textiles and Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China College of Science and Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and Technology China Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong China Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT) School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering J07 The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Texas Materials Institute and Materials Science and Engineering Program The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

The sodium‐ion battery is a promising battery technology owing to its low price and high abundance of sodium. However, the sluggish kinetics of sodium ion makes it hard to achieve high‐rate performance, therefore impairing the power density. In this work, a fiber‐in‐tube Co 9 S 8 ‐carbon(C)/Co 9 S 8 is designed with fast sodiation kinetics. The experimental and simulation analysis show that the dominating capacitance mechanism for the high Na‐ion storage performance is due to abundant grain boundaries, three exposed layer interfaces, and carbon wiring in the design. As a result, the fiber‐in‐tube hybrid anode shows a high specific capacity of 616 mAh g −1 after 150 cycles at 0.5 A g −1 . At 1 A g −1 , a capacity of ca. 451 mAh g −1 can be achieved after 500 cycles. More importantly, a high energy density of 779 Wh kg −1 and power density of 7793 W kg −1 can be obtained simultaneously.

关键词： Anoden Co9S8-Kohlenstoff/Co9S8 Korngrenzen Pseudokapazität Natriumionenbatterien

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