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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Stephan Winkler Sekhar Tatikonda David Pollard Program in Applied Mathematics Yale University New Heaven CT USA Department of Electrical Engineering Yale University New Heaven CT USA Department of Statistics Yale University New Heaven CT USA

ISBN: (纸本)142440505X

In this paper we study convergence of the max-product (MP) algorithm on general graphs with cycles. Our analysis follows analogously to that given for the convergence of the sum-product algorithm. We do not work with Gibbs measures but instead we introduce and work with local maxifiers. The contributions of this paper include: reformulation of the MP algorithm on cyclic graphs as max-marginalization on an associated computation tree; existence of local maxifiers and proof that uniqueness of the local maxifier is sufficient for convergence of MP; a Gibbsian theory of local maxifiers and interpretation as operators; an example of non-uniqueness which does not exhibit a phase transition like its Gibbs measure counterpart; and insights into the limitations of Dobrushin-type uniqueness conditions

关键词： Algorithm design and analysis Convergence Mathematics Statistical analysis Error correction codes Equations Sum product algorithm Tree graphs Phase measurement Bipartite graph

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Misconceptions about rate processes: Preliminary evidence for the importance of emergent conceptual schemas in thermal and transport sciences

Misconceptions about rate processes: Preliminary evidence fo...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Miller, Ronald Streveler, Ruth Olds, Barbara Chi, Michelene Nelson, Mary Geist, Monica Colorado School of Mines United States Department of Chemical Engineering Colorado School of Mines United States Center for Engineering Education Colorado School of Mines United States Academic Affairs National Science Foundation Colorado School of Mines United States Liberal Arts and International Studies Colorado School of Mines United States Division of Research Evaluation and Communication EHR Directorate of the National Science Foundation University of Pittsburgh United States Learning Research and Development Center United States Department of Psychology University of Pittsburgh United States University of Colorado United States University of Northern Colorado United States Applied Statistics and Research Methods Program University of Northern Colorado United States

This paper reports preliminary evidence that a significant number of engineering students possess robust misconceptions about rate processes such as transfer of heat even after years of study in thermal and transport sciences including fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and thermodynamics. Data from the Thermal and Transport Concept Inventory (TTCI) currently under development and additional questions specifically written for the present study are reported and analyzed. Results indicate the presence of a persistent misconception about the relationship between the rate of heat transfer and amount of energy transferred in processes of engineering interest. We use the emergent theory developed by Chi and colleagues to propose a possible explanation for these findings. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2006.

关键词： Engineering education

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Identifying and investigating difficult concepts in engineering mechanics and electric circuits

Identifying and investigating difficult concepts in engineer...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Streveler, Ruth Geist, Monica Ammerman, Ravel Sulzbach, Candace Miller, Ronald Olds, Barbara Nelson, Mary Colorado School of Mines United States Center for Engineering Education Colorado School of Mines United States Department of Academic Affairs University of Northern Colorado United States Applied Statistics and Research Methods Program University of Northern Colorado United States IEEE Divisio of Engineering Colorado School of Mines United States Society of Women Engineers American Society of Civil Engineers Tau Beta Pi United States ASCE Committee on Student Activities Department of Chemical Engineering Colorado School of Mines United States National Science Foundation Colorado School of Mines United States Department of Liberal Arts and International Studies Colorado School of Mines United States Division of Research Evaluation and Communication EHR Directorate of the National Science Foundation University of Colorado United States Research and Evaluation Methods University of Colorado Boulder United States

Two research questions motivated this study: "What important concepts in electric circuits and engineering mechanics do students find difficult to learn?" and "How can we describe students' mental models of the concepts identified in question 1?" This paper discusses the process used to identify difficult concepts in engineering mechanics and electric circuits, the results ofthat identification process, and the results of interviews to uncover the mental models engineering students use to explain these concepts. This study, part of the Center for the Advancement in Engineering Education's "Scholarship of Learning Engineering" element, builds on previous work in thermal and transport science and allows comparisons among difficult concepts in chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2006.

关键词： Engineering education

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Design and Analysis of Experiments, Sixth Edition

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Journal of Quality Technology 2005年第2期37卷 175-176页

作者： Adams, B Michael Applied Statistics Program College of Commerce University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487

Design and Analysis of Experiments, Sixth Edition by D C Montgomery is reviewed.

关键词： Experimental design Nonfiction

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A revised Tobit procedure for mitigating bias in the presence of non‐zero censoring with an application to milk‐market participation in the Ethiopian highlands

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Agricultural Economics 2005年第1期31卷

作者： Garth Holloway Charles Nicholson Chris Delgado Steve Staal Simeon Ehui Reader in Agricultural Economics and Statistics Department of Agricultural and Food Economics University of Reading 4 Earley Gate Whiteknights Road P.O. Box 237 Reading RG6 6AR UK Senior Research Associate Department of Applied Economics and Management Cornell University Ithaca New York USA Senior Research Fellow International Food Policy Research Institute and International Livestock Research Institute Washington DC USA Economist Livestock Policy Analysis Program International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Economist The World Bank Washington DC USA

Fixed transactions costs that prohibit exchange engender bias in supply analysis due to censoring of the sample observations. The associated bias in conventional regression procedures applied to censored data and the construction of robust methods for mitigating bias have been preoccupations of applied economists since Tobin [Econometrica 26 (1958) 24]. This literature assumes that the true point of censoring in the data is zero and, when this is not the case, imparts a bias to parameter estimates of the censored regression model. We conjecture that this bias can be significant; affirm this from experiments; and suggest techniques for mitigating this bias using Bayesian procedures. The bias‐mitigating procedures are based on modifications of the key step that facilitates Bayesian estimation of the censored regression model; are easy to implement; work well in both small and large samples; and lead to significantly improved inference in the censored regression model. These findings are important in light of the widespread use of the zero‐censored Tobit regression and we investigate their consequences using data on milk‐market participation in the Ethiopian highlands.

关键词： C24 O12 Q01 Q12 Revised Tobit procedure Milk‐market development

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Ecological model of interactions between escaped and wild Atlantic salmonSalmo salar

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Journal of Fish Biology 2004年第S1期65卷

作者： A. Stephens A. B. Cooper (1Ocean Sciences Ph.D. Program Mangel Lab Applied Math and Statistics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA 95060 U.S.A. 2College of Life Sciences and Agriculture University of New Hampshire Taylor Hall Durham NH 03824 U.S.A.).

Atlantic salmon in Maine were once abundant but have become depleted, and are listed as endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act. Historically, salmon numbers in Maine may have been as high as 100 000 adults, but habitat loss, pollution and overfishing have contributed to the decline of the species. In 2000, only 110 adults returned to spawn in Maine rivers. Maine produces c. 15 000 metric tons/year of aquacultured Atlantic salmon from a total of nearly 600 coastal net pens. Escapees from these pens may interact with the wild salmon. The dynamics of salmon populations under such conditions are poorly understood. In order to illuminate the role aquaculture may play in such a system, we have developed a model for simulating population trajectories for both wild salmon and competing populations derived from aquaculture escapes. The model simulates a small population of wild salmon based in a stream/estuary system, into which an aquaculture facility is losing fish to escapes. Biological parameters in the model were estimated as much as possible from data in the USFWS report on Maine salmon. We used the model to investigate the consequences of a variety of ecological interactions between the wild and cultured fish including competitive, genetic and disease effects. Initial results indicate that many of these effects allow the aquaculture‐derived population to supplant the wild fish, but that wild populations may still persist under some conditions.

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Gene expression phenotypic models that predict the activity of oncogenic pathways (vol 34, pg 226, 2003)

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NATURE GENETICS 2003年第4期34卷 465-465页

作者： Huang, E Ishida, S Pittmann, J Dressman, H Bild, A Kloos, M D'Amico, M Pestell, RG West, M Nevins, JR Computational and Applied Genomics Program Duke Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy Duke University Durham North Carolina 27710 USA. Present address: Division of Pharmacology National Institute of Health Sciences 1-18-1 Kamiyoga Setagaya-Ku Tokyo 158-8501 Japan. Institute of Statistics and Decision Sciences Duke University Durham North Carolina 27710 USA. Center for Genome Technology Duke Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy Duke University Durham North Carolina 27710 USA. Computational and Applied Genomics Program Duke Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy Duke University Durham North Carolina 27710 USA. Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology Duke University Durham North Carolina 27710 USA. Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Georgetown University Washington DC 20057 USA. Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Georgetown University Washington DC 20057 USA. Institute of Statistics and Decision Sciences Duke University Durham North Carolina 27710 USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710 USA.

High-density DNA microarrays measure expression of large numbers of genes inone assay. The ability to find underlying structure in complex gene expression data sets andrigorously test association of that structure with biological conditions is essential to developingmulti-faceted views of the gene activity that defines cellular phenotype. We sought to connectfeatures of gene expression data with biological hypotheses by integrating metagene patterns fromDNA microarray experiments in the characterization and prediction of oncogenic phenotypes. Weapplied these techniques to the analysis of regulatory pathways controlled by the genes HRAS (Harveyrat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog), MYC (myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog) and E2F1, E2F2and E2F3 (encoding E2F transcription factors 1, 2 and 3, respectively). The phenotypic modelsaccurately predict the activity of these pathways in the context of normal cell ***, the metagene models trained with gene expression patterns evoked by ectopic production ofMyc or Ras proteins in primary tissue culture cells properly predict the activity of in vivo tumormodels that result from deregulation of the MYC or HRAS pathways. We conclude that these geneexpression phenotypes have the potential to characterize the complex genetic alterations that typifythe neoplastic state, whether in vitro or in vivo, in a way that truly reflects the complexity ofthe regulatory pathways that are affected.

关键词： GENE expression DNA ONCOGENES GENETIC regulation CELL proliferation

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Transverse magnetic defect modes in two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystals

Transverse magnetic defect modes in two-dimensional triangul...

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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference, QELS 2001

作者： Stojić, N. Glimm, J. Deng, Y. Haus, J.W. Department of Physics and Astronomy University at Stony Brook Stony BrookNY11794-3381 United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics University at Stony Brook Stony BrookNY11794-3600 United States Electro-Optics Program University of Dayton DaytonOH45469-0254 United States

ISBN: (纸本)155752663X

关键词： Maxwell equations

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Transverse magnetic defect modes in two-dimensional triangular lattice photonic crystals

Transverse magnetic defect modes in two-dimensional triangul...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： N. Stojic J. Glimm Y. Deng J.W. Haus Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Stony Brook Stony Brook NY USA Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics University of Stony Brook Stony Brook NY USA Electro Optics Program University of Dayton Dayton OH USA

Summary form only given. We used the finite-difference time-domain method to solve Maxwell equations. More specifically, we applied the non-dissipative Yee's algorithm with a duality relation between the spatial representations of the electric and magnetic fields that represents both the differential and integral forms of Maxwell equations. The computational domain consists of 19 photonic lattice cells in the periodic structure for /spl epsi/ in the x and y direction and 8 mesh cells in the z direction. Each photonic lattice cell has been divided into 40/spl times/40 computational mesh cells, but due to duality of the discretization mesh, effectively we determined each field on only 20/spl times/20 points inside a photonic lattice cell. Periodic boundary conditions were used in all three directions. We observed the spatial distribution of the magnetic and electric fields and the movement of the mode resonance through the photonic band gap as the defect radius is changed. In addition, we determined the dependence of the localization (the field energy confined at the defect cell) on frequency (defect radius). We also found well localized defect modes.A defect in the form of an air hole with a modified radius was introduced in the center of a triangular lattice.

关键词： Lattices Maxwell equations Optical computing Magnetic confinement Magnetic resonance Finite difference methods Time domain analysis Magnetic fields Integral equations Periodic structures

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“Pricing Dynamic Investment Fund Protection,” Hans U. Gerber and Gérard Pafumi, April 2000

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North American Actuarial Journal 2001年第1期5卷 153-157页

作者： Huang, Ya-Chun Shiu, Elias S.W. Program in Applied Mathematical and Computational Sciences University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242-1419 United States Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242-1409 362 Schaeffer Hall United States Actuarial Science Department of Applied Mathematics Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong

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