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GROUND-WATER MONITORING statistics UPDATE .1. PROGRESS SINCE 1988

GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1994年第4期14卷 148-158页

作者： DAVIS, CB MCNICHOLS, RJ Charles B. Davis is principal statistician with Environmet- rics & Statistics Ltd. (EnviroStat 1853 Wellington Court Henderson NV 89014). After receiving his M.S. in mathematics and statistics and Ph.D. in statistics from the University of New Mexico he joined the Mathematics Department of the University of Toledo to establish its graduate program in statistics with emphasis on consulting and applications. He and McNichols became involved in consulting and research related to statistical issues arising in RCRA ground water monitoring regulation in 1985 and formed EnviroStat in 1990. Davis left academia in 1992 to concentrate on environmental statistics. Roger J. McNichols is professor and chairman of the Industrial Engineering Department at The University of Toledo (Toledo OH 43606). After receiving his Ph.D. in industrial engineering from The Ohio State University he joined the faculty of Texas A and M University where he directed the Maintainability Engineering Graduate Program at Red River Army Depot. At University of Toledo he is also chairman of the Systems Doctoral Program and has served as associate dean of engineering. His research and consulting interests include reliability quality control manufacturing environmental monitoring mathematical modeling and applied statistics.

Current federal ground water monitoring statistical regulation dates from the revised RCRA Subtitle C Final Rule of 1988. That rule was a considerable advance over previous RCRA statistical rules. However, two major problem areas remained: facility-wide false positive rate (FWFPR) control and spatial variability. Progress has been made in the 1991 Subtitle D Final Rule and in guidance;the 1992 Addendum to Interim Final Guidance in particular includes a substantial conceptual advance toward resolving the FWFPR problem. Other areas of improvement include normality testing and distribution assumptions, dropping the four independent samples per monitoring period requirement, allowing a preliminary evaluation short of a 40 CFR Part 258 Appendix II assessment upon finding a statistically significant increase, and suggesting superior alternatives to analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and tests of proportions. The problem of dealing with natural spatial variability remains. Although certain techniques listed in the regulations can control for inherent spatial variability and the performance standards require doing so ''when necessary,'' little attention has been paid to the ubiquity of such spatial variation. Moreover, regulatory traditions favoring upgradient-downgradient comparisons often make control of natural spatial variation difficult and ineffective. With new, lined facilities easily implemented statistical solutions are available;however, dealing with the several existing solid waste facilities which will now be regulated under Subtitle D will present major challenges. In short, the 1988 revision of the Subtitle C rules made it more possible to provide statistically sound monitoring programs, and there has been steady progress since then. Challenges remain, however. These vary from state to state, particularly with regard to controlling false positives and false negatives in the presence of natural spatial variability.

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Stable distributions for asset returns

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applied Mathematics Letters 1989年第3期2卷 301-304页

作者： Mittnik, Stefan Rachev, Svetlozar T. Department of Economics State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794-4384 United States Statistics and Applied Probability Program University of California Santa Barbara CA93106 United States

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Differential gene expression in trabecular bone osteocytes is related to the local strain and strain gradient

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Scientific reports 2025年第1期15卷 18501页

作者： Meghana Machireddy Sarah Nano Lucas Debiase Jonathan Lewis Sara Cole Jun Li Glen L Niebur University of Notre Dame Bioengineering Graduate Program Notre Dame IN USA. Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Notre Dame IN USA. Notre Dame Integrated Imaging Facility Notre Dame IN USA. Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA. University of Notre Dame Bioengineering Graduate Program Notre Dame IN USA. gniebur@nd.edu. Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Notre Dame IN USA. gniebur@nd.edu.

Osteocytes regulate the response of osteoclasts and osteoblasts to mechanical loading through signaling molecules, the levels of which are controlled by post-translational modification or degradation and by differential gene transcription and translation. The magnitude and mode of bone tissue deformation that elicits a transcriptional response in individual osteocytes in situ has been difficult to quantify. We measured SOST, Wnt11, TNF, and FRZB gene expression in osteocytes within loaded and unloaded control porcine trabecular bone explants using RNAScope® and compared the local tissue level strain and strain gradient-which we used as an indicator of potential poroelastic fluid flow-in the tissue surrounding osteocytes with high vs. low gene expression. The measured expression of all four genes differed between loaded and unloaded explants, on average, with the mean SOST expression level decreasing by 45%. In the loaded explants, gene expression was altered from baseline in about 30% of the osteocytes, and they were surrounded by tissue with higher strain and strain gradient than the 20 to 25% of osteocytes that remained near baseline expression. Both deviatoric strain and hydrostatic strain gradient were sensitive and specific predictors of the mechanobiological response for individual genes as well as combinations. SOST expression was highly related to elevated strain gradient, providing evidence that osteocytes respond to fluid flow in the lacunar-canalicular system.

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Generalization of Advanced Encryption Standard Based on Field of Any Characteristic

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 6121-6138页

作者： Nabilah Abughazalah Majid Khan Noor Munir Ammar SAlanazi Iqtadar Hussain Department of Mathematical Sciences College of SciencePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Applied Mathematics&Statistics Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology RiyadhSaudi Arabia Mathematics Program Department of MathematicsStatistics and PhysicsCollege of Arts and SciencesQatar University2713DohaQatar Statistical Consulting Unit College of Arts and ScienceQatar UniversityDohaQatar

Nowadays most communications are done by utilizing digital transmission *** security of this digital information transmitted through different communication systems is quite *** secrecy of digital data is one of the burning topics of the digitally developed *** exist many traditional algorithms in the literature to provide methods for robust *** most important and recent modern block cipher named the advanced encryption standard(AES)is one of the extensively utilized encryption schemes with binary *** is a succession of four fundamental steps:round key,sub-byte,shift row,and mix *** this work,we will provide an innovative methodology for extending the AES in a Galois fieldwith any characteristic *** four steps in the fundamental process with binary characteristics will be adjusted because of the new *** applying double affine transformations,we have enhanced the number of options in our suggested substitution *** reconstruction of the nonlinear confusion component and encryption structure provides robustness in the generalized *** increase in the keyspace due to the Galois field generalization implies that we have improved additional confusion abilities and broadened the current *** implementation of the proposed structure of AES for image,audio,and video encryption will provide high security for secure communication.

关键词： AES generalized AES binary field ternary function

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A Hybrid Singly Ordered Correspondence with Correlation Approach to Analyzing the Relationship between Age Groups and Happiness Level in Indonesia

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IAENG International Journal of applied Mathematics 2023年第3期53卷 145页

作者： Sholihah, Fajriatus Ginanjar, Irlandia Hidayat, Yuyun Applied Statistics Study Program Padjadjaran University West Java 455363 Indonesia Statistics Department Padjadjaran University West Java 455363 Indonesia Statistics Department Padjadjaran University West Java 455363 Indonesia

When subpopulation objects are to be analyzed, qualitative data is frequently transformed into a contingency table. The categories of rows and columns in the contingency table are sequentially treated as objects and variables. In addition, the object frequently retrieves additional information with continuous variables. The novelty of this study was that it examined associations between discrete and continuous variables in two stages. The hybrid Singly Ordered Correspondence Analysis (SOCA) method was used to identify associations between nominal-scale objects and ordinal-scale discrete variables in the form of contingency tables. Correlation values were used to identify associations between objects and continuous variables. The SOCA method determined the principal coordinates of discrete variables. Concurrently, the correlation was used to determine the vector coordinates of the continuous variables. Confidence region and p-value calculations were performed to determine the contribution of a category to the structure of the association between two categorical variables with nominal and ordinal scales. The method was applied to population-based data on the level of happiness across age groups. The case study results indicated that all nominal and ordinal categories contributed significantly to the association between age group and province variables in Indonesia. The association results indicated that 27 provinces were positively associated with the age bracket of 17 to 41 years, with these provinces being associated with 13 indicators of the happiness index. The remaining seven provinces were linked to age groups of at least 41 years old, and six happiness index indicators were linked to these provinces. © (2023), (International Association of Engineers). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Population statistics

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Creating a framework for undergraduate entrepreneurs to start and manage student-run businesses

Creating a framework for undergraduate entrepreneurs to star...

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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Wierman, John Aronhime, Lawrence Camerer, Marybeth Gibbs, Benjamin Johns Hopkins University United States Center for Leadership Education Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Whiting School of Engineering United States Marshal L. Salant Investment Program Hopkins Student Enterprises United States

No abstract available

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Guaranteed bounds for optimal stopping problems using kernel-based non-asymptotic uniform confidence bands

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European Journal of Operational Research 2025年

作者： Martin Glanzer Sebastian Maier Georg Ch. Pflug University of Mannheim Business School Schloss 68131 Mannheim Germany Department of Statistical Science University College London Gower Street London WC1E 6BT United Kingdom Faculty of Economics and Statistics University of Vienna Oskar-Morgenstern Platz 1 1090 Vienna Austria Advancing Systems Analysis Program International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Schlossplatz 1 2361 Laxenburg Austria

In this paper, we introduce an approach for obtaining probabilistically guaranteed upper and lower bounds on the true optimal value of stopping problems. Bounds of existing simulation-and-regression approaches, such as those based on least squares Monte Carlo and information relaxation, are stochastic in nature and therefore do not come with a finite sample guarantee. Our data-driven approach is fundamentally different as it allows replacing the sampling error with a pre-specified confidence level. The key to this approach is to use high- and low-biased estimates that are guaranteed to over- and underestimate, respectively, the conditional expected continuation value that appears in the stopping problem’s dynamic programming formulation with a pre-specified confidence level. By incorporating these guaranteed over- and underestimates into a backward recursive procedure, we obtain probabilistically guaranteed bounds on the problem’s true optimal value. As a byproduct we present novel kernel-based non-asymptotic uniform confidence bands for regression functions from a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. We derive closed-form formulas for the cases where the data-generating distribution is either known or unknown, which makes our data-driven approach readily applicable in a range of practical situations including simulation. We illustrate the applicability of the proposed bounding procedure by valuing a Bermudan put option.

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Total variation based denoising methods for speckle noise images

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Involve 2017年第2期10卷 327-344页

作者： Misra, Arundhati Bagchi Lockhart, Ethan Lim, Hyeona Department of Mathematical Sciences Saginaw Valley State University University Center 48710 MI United States Program in Applied Mathematics The University of Arizona Tuscon 85721 AZ United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics Mississippi State University 39762 MS United States

In this paper, we introduce a new algorithm based on total variation for denoising speckle noise images. Total variation was introduced by Rudin, Osher, and Fatemi in 1992 for regularizing images. Chambolle proposed a faster algorithm based on the duality of convex functions for minimizing the total variation, but his algorithm was built for Gaussian noise removal. Unlike Gaussian noise, which is additive, speckle noise is multiplicative. We modify the original Chambolle algorithm for speckle noise images using the first noise equation for speckle denoising, proposed by Krissian, Kikinis, Westin and Vosburgh in 2005. We apply the Chambolle algorithm to the Krissian et al. speckle denoising model to develop a faster algorithm for speckle noise images. © 2017 Mathematical Sciences Publishers.

关键词： anisotropic diffusion Chambolle algorithm denoising fast speckle denoising speckle noise total variation (TV) model

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Preconditioning techniques for reduced basis methods for parameterized elliptic partial differential equations

Preconditioning techniques for reduced basis methods for par...

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作者： Elman, Howard C. Forstall, Virginia Department of Computer Science Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Applied Mathematics and Statistics and Scientific Computation Program University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

The reduced basis methodology is an efficient approach to solve parameterized discrete partial differential equations when the solution is needed at many parameter values. An offline step approximates the solution space, and an online step utilizes this approximation, the reduced basis, to solve a smaller reduced problem, which provides an accurate estimate of the solution. Traditionally, the reduced problem is solved using direct methods. However, the size of the reduced system needed to produce solutions of a given accuracy depends on the characteristics of the problem, and it may happen that the size is significantly smaller than that of the original discrete problem but large enough to make direct solution costly. In this scenario, it may be more effective to use iterative methods to solve the reduced problem. We construct preconditioners for reduced iterative methods which are derived from preconditioners for the full problem. This approach permits reduced basis methods to be practical for larger bases than direct methods allow. We illustrate the effectiveness of iterative methods for solving reduced problems by considering two examples, the steady-state diffusion and convection-diffusion-reaction equations. © 2015 Society for Industrial and applied Mathematics.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Asymptotic efficiencies of spacings tests for goodness of fit

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Metrika 1989年第1期36卷 355-377页

作者： Jammalamadaka, S. Rao Zhou, Xian Tiwari, Ram C. Statistics and Applied Probability Program University of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara USA Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina Charlotte USA

Tests based on higher-order orm-step spacings have been considered in the literature for the goodness of fit problem. This paper studies the asymptotic distribution theory for such tests based on non-overlappingm-step spacings whenm, the length of the step, also increases with the sample sizen, to inifinity. By utilizing the asymptotic distributions under a sequence of close alternatives and studying their relative efficiencies, we try to answer a central question about the choice ofm in relation ton. Efficiency comparisons are made with tests based on overlappingm-step spacings, as well as corresponding chi-square tests.

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