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Prediction of climatic changes caused by land use changes in urban area using artificial neural networks

THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY 2023年第1-2期152卷 265-279页

作者： Arabaci, Derya Simsek, Cagdas Kuscu Aydin Adnan Menderes Univ Atca Vocat Sch Dept Architecture & Urban Planning Land Registry & Cadastre Program Aydin Turkiye Akdeniz Univ Fac Sci Dept Space Sci & Technol Antalya Turkiye

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) as a simulation tool to predict thermal changes in urban areas. Istanbul Airport, which is a recently constructed mega project in Istanbul, was selected as the study area. In the study, the texture transfer method which allows creating synthetic images is used as a new image processing technique. This method allows land-use changes to be represented by texture pixels transfers that represent similar land-use types before the construction phase of a project. According to the results, while the surface temperature predictions for the warmed and cooled points were obtained with 79% and 54% accuracy respectively for one-to-one overlapping, 97% accuracy rates were reached within 300 m. This study revealed that the effect on the urban climate from surface changes that might occur in cities can be predicted by employing an ANN algorithm.

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Free vibration analysis of barrel-shaped sandwich shells with auxetic honeycomb core using modified thick shell theory

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AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2024年 145卷

作者： Thang, Pham Toan Kim, Handon Kim, Changsoo Jang, Hyounseung Kim, Taehoon Kim, Jimin Seoul Natl Univ Sci & Technol Sch Architecture Architectural Engn Program Seoul 01811 South Korea

Modern engineering extensively employs complexly curved shell structures, presenting mathematical challenges in analyzing their mechanical behavior due to geometric intricacies. The recent trend of incorporating advanced lightweight materials into these structures drives the need to develop improved theories and methods. This study presents an investigation into the free vibration analysis of barrel-shaped sandwich (BSS) shells using a modified thick shell theory (MTST). These sandwich shells feature functionally graded (FG) ceramic-metal layers on both inner and outer surfaces, with a lightweight honeycomb core. Notably, the honeycomb layer's thickness surpasses that of the inner and outer layers, necessitating the application of thick shell theory for accurate analysis. However, previous studies have often used classical theories for thin shells, and those applying thick shell theory sometimes neglected the curvature effects in the fundamental equations and rotary inertia components. Thus, this research employs the MTST to overcome these limitations. The study includes comparative validations and explores the impact of material parameters and curvature radii on the natural frequencies of these barrel-shaped sandwich shells through numerical examples.

关键词： Honeycomb structure FGMs Barrel-shaped shells Free vibration analysis Modified thick shell theory

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The impact of design on workflow: a comparative case study of level I trauma rooms

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FACILITIES 2022年第7/8期40卷 475-494页

作者： Bayramzadeh, Sara Chiu, Leong Yin Tanya Kent State Univ Coll Architecture & Environm Design Healthcare Design Program Kent OH 44242 USA

Purpose This study aims to examine trauma room staff's perception of factors that influence workflow in trauma care from a physical environment standpoint. Design/methodology/approach A semi-structured focus group method was used. Trauma team members, representative of various roles within a team, were recruited from five Level I trauma centers in the USA, through a convenience sampling method. A total of 53 participants were recruited to participate in online focus groups. The Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model was used to analyze the findings. Findings In addition to factors directly related to the physical environment, aspects of people and technology, such as crowding and access to technology, were found to be related to the physical environment. Examples of factors that improve or hinder workflow are layout design, appropriate room size, doors, sink locations, access to resources such as X-ray or blood and access to technology. Seamless and uninterrupted workflow is crucial in achieving efficient and safe care in the time-pressured environments of trauma rooms. To support workflow, the physical environment can offer solutions through effective layout design, thoughtful location of resources and technology and room size. Originality/value Trauma rooms are time-pressured and complex environments where seconds matter to save a patient's life. Ensuring safe and efficient care requires seamless workflow. However, the literature on workflow in trauma rooms is limited.

关键词： Trauma room Physical environment Layout design Workflow Workflow disruptions Emergency services

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Evaluation of spatial and temporal variability in Sentinel-2 surface reflectance on a rice paddy landscape

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AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY 2025年 363卷

作者： Choi, Wonseok Ryu, Youngryel Kong, Juwon Jeong, Sungchan Lee, Kyungdo Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Integrated Major Smart City Global Convergence Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn Seoul South Korea Yale Univ Yale Sch Environm New Haven CT 06511 USA Natl Inst Agr Sci Rural Dev Adm Busan South Korea

High spatial resolution spaceborne remote sensing systems provide a new data source for agricultural applications. As a key deliverable, surface reflectance (SR) enables immediate and non-destructive estimation of crop status, thus the demand for reliable pixelwise SR is increasing. However, the evaluations are typically conducted on pseudo-invariant areas and the reliability of pixelwise SR has not been thoroughly examined over heterogenous, dynamic surfaces. In this study, we evaluated pixelwise Sentinel-2 (S2) SR on a rice paddy landscape across seasons using drone-based hyperspectral images and tower-based continuous hyperspectral observations as the ground references. We also examined the impact of spatial and atmospheric properties on S2 SR. Overall, S2 SR showed strong linear relationships with the ground references (the overall R2 > 0.8). The residual errors were influenced by sub-pixel geolocation errors (0.01-0.017 (2.1-11.8 %)), a widen PSF (0.007 (7.6 %) for red) and underestimated AOT retrievals (0.027 (40.7 %) for blue). Notably, atmospheric adjacency effects broadened the PSF, causing the consistency of S2 with the ground reference image to depend on the landscape's heterogeneity. Our findings outlined the key factors contributing to uncertainties in S2 SR, which could affect downstream products like vegetation indices and leaf area index. Considering these factors would enhance remote sensing of landscapes with high contrast in reflectance and elevated aerosol loadings, such as urban, savanna, wetland and dry agricultural land.

关键词： Aerosol Drone Point spread function Sentinel-2 Surface reflectance

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Choice or Constraint? A Locally Tailored Assessment of Housing and Transportation Costs in Central Texas

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD 2024年第11期2678卷 1562-1575页

作者： Situ, Minyu Karner, Alex Univ Texas Austin Sch Architecture Grad Program Community & Reg Planning Austin TX 78759 USA

Transportation costs are a key component of an overall household budget. These costs are determined in part by residential location-housing and transportation costs are inextricably linked. The burden of high housing and transportation costs must be understood in context. High costs on their own are not necessarily a problem if a household freely chooses their location. Although several national-level tools (including the Center for Neighborhood Technology's H+T Index and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's Location Affordability Index) are now available to improve transparency about combined housing and transportation costs, their ability to reflect local conditions and to understand relative burdens is limited. In this paper, we create a combined housing and transportation cost index tailored to the realities of the Austin metropolitan area in Central Texas, with most data sources coming from state and local government or pertinent transportation agencies. We identify households allocating large shares of their budgets to housing and transportation costs and differentiate between those that have the ability to mode switch to reduce costs in principle and those that do not. Black and Hispanic/Latino households were disproportionately burdened by high costs. But across the entire population, overall cost burdens were low. This result means that fostering nonautomobile travel or denser residential living will be challenging using cost arguments alone.

关键词： community resources and impacts data and data science demographic data economic impacts transportation and society

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The assessment of the thermal behavior of an urban park surface in a dense urban area for planning decisions

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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022年第7期194卷 1-13页

作者： Adiguzel, Fatih Cetin, Mehmet Dogan, Mesut Gungor, Senay Kose, Mustafa Sert, Elif Bozdogan Kaya, Efdal Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli Univ Fac Arts & Sci Dept Geog Nevsehir Turkey Kastamonu Univ Fac Engn & Architecture Dept Landscape Architecture Kastamonu Turkey Ondokuz Mayis Univ Fac Architecture Dept City & Reg Planning Samsun Turkey Istanbul Univ Fac Letters Dept Geog Istanbul Turkey Afyon Kocatepe Univ Fac Arts & Sci Dept Geog Afyon Turkey Iskenderun Tech Univ Fac Architecture Dept Landscape Architecture Iskenderun Turkey Iskenderun Tech Univ Iskenderun Vocat Sch Dept Architecture & Urban Planning Program Map & Cadastre Iskenderun Hatay Turkey

The new summer index (SSI) which was established to determine climate comfort was classified according to the index. Climatic comfort areas will increase and thus raising the quality of living in areas. The temperature values felt in the study were calculated with the SSI formula, and then the maps of the study area were classified. The study area was the Hayal Park and its surroundings in the Toros Quarter of Cukurova District, which is surrounded by multi-story and dense buildings in the north of Adana. Although the vertical construction is very high, it is richer in terms of green areas compared to other large central districts. Cukurova, which is one of the largest districts of Adana (according to population), has Seyhan dam lake in the north and Seyhan district in the south. The study area is on the border of Seyhan district and is adjacent to Yuregir and Saricam districts. With the portable Smart SENSOR AS 847 measuring device, temperature and relative humidity were measured at 1.5 m above the ground on Tuesday, August 20 at 07.00, at 14.00, and 21.00. Bioclimatic comfort areas were determined by measuring temperature and relative humidity at 25 points with different textures in the study area. In this study, measured instantaneous temperature (degrees C) and relative humidity (%) data were transferred to GIS medium by ArcGIS 10.6 program and then modeled with the Kriging method, which is one of the interpolation methods, and temperature and relative humidity maps were created. The temperature map created in degrees Celsius (degrees C) by the Kriging method and was converted to Fahrenheit degrees (degrees F) in the Raster Calculator. The reason for this change is that SSI is calculated with the formula Fahrenheit (degrees F). These maps were then calculated on the Raster Calculator using the SSI formula, and sensed temperature values were obtained The SSI, which normally has 8 classes, has 3 classes in the study area. These classes are 83 <= SSI < 91 slightly

关键词： Thermal comfort zone Urban heat island Cukurova district GIS Summer index

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The Life Satisfaction of Insiders and Outsiders: Exploring Residents' and Tourists' (Dis)satisfaction in the Korean Demilitarised Zone Border Area

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JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2025年第3期35卷

作者： Kim, Yoon Young Gim, Tae-Hyoung Tommy Seoul Natl Univ Grad Sch Environm Studies Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Environm Planning Inst Inst Sustainable Dev Grad Sch Environm StudiesIntegrated Program Reg S Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul South Korea

Satisfaction with one's place of residence significantly impacts satisfaction with life, and tourists' visit satisfaction also enhances individuals' well-being. This study explores the impact of residential and visit satisfaction on overall life satisfaction in a rural border area near the Korean Demilitarised Zone, currently facing population decline. Through an analysis of 16 area-specific attributes, the research underscores the pivotal role of social factors and landscapes in shaping satisfaction for both residents and tourists. Social interaction was found to be the crucial factor, emphasising the paramount importance of resident interactions in these seemingly isolated rural border areas. Particularly noteworthy is the profound impact of residents' emotional solidarity on tourists' visit satisfaction, a phenomenon intricately linked to the active involvement of the local community in managing tourist attractions. Additionally, for residents, satisfaction with various residential attributes is more likely to affect diverse aspects of life, underscoring the multifaceted influence of residential satisfaction. In contrast, tourists' attributes satisfaction of visited area indirectly affects their life satisfaction through overall visit satisfaction. This integrated approach, encompassing both residents' subjective judgements and tourists' objective evaluations, proves invaluable in declining population areas where tourism plays a pivotal role in regional revitalisation.

关键词： demilitarised zone life satisfaction partial least squares structural equation modelling population decline resident tourist

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Squeezed in and pushed out: dual and contradictory displacements in Santa Ana, CA

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City 2023年第3-4期27卷 294-320页

作者： Sims, J. Revel Sarmiento, Carolina S. Department of Planning and Landscape Architecture and the Chican@ and Latin@ Studies Program at the University of Wisconsin – Madison United States University of Wisconsin–Madison in the School of Human Ecology United States

This research examines housing insecurity and displacement within a gentrifying context. Through an interpretive analysis of four years of survey data produced through a community-based research (CBR) project on households in the Lacy neighborhood within the City of Santa Ana, California, we find that the neighborhood is simultaneously a site of eviction-based displacement and extreme overcrowding. The results complicate assumptions in the literature regarding the quantification of gentrification and suggest that in addition to direct spatial dislocation and the outward movement of households, highly localized micro-gentrification and regional exclusion may together produce forms of extreme spatial concentration within neighborhoods that make estimating gentrification-induced displacement difficult. Ultimately, by drawing attention to the combination of contrary displacement forms and observable housing deprivation, we argue that the special conditions that have emerged in the Lacy neighborhood are representative of a housing submarket that combines exclusion and insecurity with unequal exchange for renters. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： community-based research displacement eviction gentrification overcrowding

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Influence of enzymatic crosslinking on Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) skin gelatin film properties

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POLYMER BULLETIN 2024年第5期81卷 4539-4556页

作者： de Oliveira, Rafaela Rigueto, Cesar Vinicius Toniciolli Rosseto, Marieli Krein, Daniela Dal Castel Gomes, Karolynne Sousa Loss, Raquel Aparecida Dettmer, Aline Univ Passo Fundo UPF Fac Engn & Architecture FEAR Chem Engn Course Passo Fundo RS Brazil Fed Univ Santa Maria UFSM Rural Sci Ctr CCR Postgrad Program Food Sci & Technol PPGCTA Santa Maria RS Brazil Univ Passo Fundo UPF Fac Agron & Vet Med FAMV Postgrad Program Food Sci & Technol PPGCTA Passo Fundo RS Brazil Mato Grosso State Univ UNEMAT Postgrad Program Environm & Agr Prod Syst Tangara Da Serra MT Brazil

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of enzymatic treatment with transglutaminase on gelatin films derived from Tambaqui skin. The gelatin was extracted through acid extraction, characterized, and subjected to enzymatic crosslinking with transglutaminase at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% (w/w). The optimal conditions for film production were determined based on gelatin Bloom strength. The films were characterized according to physical, chemical, mechanical, barrier, and thermal properties. The extracted gelatin exhibited a molecular weight distribution of 52 kDa, a viscosity of 2.87 cP, and a Bloom strength of 62.71 g. The Gly-Pro-Hyd content accounted for around 31.72% of the total amino acids. The addition of 3% (w/w) transglutaminase significantly increased the gelatin Bloom strength from 62.71 to 101.6 g. However, transglutaminase crosslinking had no significant effect on film thickness and mechanical properties. On the other hand, it did lead to a significant reduction in solubility from 97.57 to 74.29% and water vapor permeability from 10.28 to 9.54 ***/m(2).***. FTIR and TGA analyses suggest no significant alterations in the functional groups or degradation events of the gelatin films. Overall, the enzymatic treatment showed promise in reducing the solubility and water vapor permeability of Tambaqui skin gelatin films.

关键词： Fish waste Gelatin Transglutaminase Polymeric films

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The effects of land-based change on coastal ecosystems

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LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 2022年第3期18卷 351-366页

作者： Sahavacharin, Alisa Sompongchaiyakul, Penjai Thaitakoo, Danai Chulalongkorn Univ Grad Sch Interdisciplinary Program Environm Sci Bangkok 10330 Thailand Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Sci Dept Marine Sci Bangkok 10330 Thailand Chulalongkorn Univ Fac Architecture Dept Landscape Architecture Bangkok 10330 Thailand

The rapid increase in coastal urbanization profoundly impacts various environmental components and significantly transforms coastal ecosystems to the degree they lose their integrity. Coastal zones are facing increasing pressure from socio-economic development and climate change. Sustainable coastal planning and management must understand better how humans changing the physical environment of coastal areas to present a rational and comprehensive direction for development. The purpose of this research is to systematically review, with the following aims: (1) describe scientific debates on anthropogenic activities on the coastal landscape;(2) systematically identify the landscape structure of the changing coastal ecosystem;and (3) discuss the consequences of the change. Research articles from the database are systematically mapped and reviewed to summarize the state of current evidence-based information related to the characters and effects of change. The 114 articles selected indicate that there are numerous adverse actions and consequences of anthropogenic landscape change. Humans significantly influence the structure of the coastal ecosystem. Consequently, the functions of the coastal ecosystem are altered and degraded. This review proposed spatial planning guidelines to maintain or restore the ecological integrity of coastal development, especially where only small portions of formerly intact coastal ecosystems remain.

关键词： Physical environment change Landscape structure Landscape function Landscape change Coastal urbanization Systematic review

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