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Study on the spatial distribution patterns and formation mechanism of religious sites based on XGBoostSHAP and spatial econometric models: a case study of the Yangtze River Delta, China

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JOURNAL OF ASIAN architecture AND BUILDING ENGINEERING 2024年

作者： Shao, Dandan Zoh, Kyungjin Seoul Natl Univ Grad Sch Environm Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Urban Landscape Planning & Design LAB ULPD Gwanak Ro Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Grad Sch Environm Studies Gwanak Ro Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Sch Environm Studies Gwanak Ro Seoul 08826 South Korea

Religious sites are a significant embodiment of a nation's faith and culture, with their spatial distribution resulting from the interplay of sociocultural, historical, and environmental factors. Preserving religious heritage aids in the transmission of ethnic culture and promotes the development of cultural diversity. This study employs kernel density estimation and spatial autocorrelation to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of religious sites in the Yangtze River Delta. Additionally, it utilizes the XGBoostSHAP machine learning model to investigate the importance of the driving factors, and combines this with spatial econometric models for validation. The results reveal that: (1) Religious sites in the Yangtze River Delta exhibit significant clustering with an irregular distribution. Coastal areas have a high density, forming a beltlike distribution centered around Wenzhou and Taizhou, while inland areas are sparse, creating an edge effect;(2) The spatial distribution of religious sites is primarily influenced by social and historical cultural factors, with minimal impact from natural factors. Policy support and public transportation have the greatest influence, while ethnic culture also play important roles;(3) Among natural factors, Higher slope values and NDVI, along with lower elevation, are conducive to the clustering of religious sites. although developed water systems may pose disaster risks. Social factors such as policy protection, transportation accessibility, economic development level, and moderate population density are crucial. Historical and cultural factors, including ethnic religious cultural heritage and tourism, are also significant. This study is of great importance for formulating reasonable strategies for the protection and sustainable development of religious cultural heritage in the context of rapid urbanization.

关键词： Cultural geography Yangtze River Delta religious sites XGBoostSHAP spatial econometric models

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Intelligent Small Scale Autonomous Vehicle Development Based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Steering Angle Prediction 1

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International Conference on Innovative Technologies in Intelligent Systems and Industrial Applications, CITISIA 2022

作者： Asy’ari, Muhammad Zacky Phang, Maxson Suganda, Nicholas Mariana, Yosica Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department BINUS ASO School of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Architecture Department Faculty of Engineering Binus University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9783031290787

ISBN: (纸本)9783031290770

Human error is the most significant factor in traffic accidents. 61% of accidents in Indonesia are caused by driver negligence. Autonomous vehicles are unmanned vehicles that are believed to be able to reduce the number of accidents caused by human error. This study aims to create a prototype of a small-scale unmanned vehicle using computer vision that can move around the track. The prototype captures an image using a USB webcam and is processed by a Raspberry Pi 4 to predict the correct steering angle based on input from the camera. A convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm is used to recognize the path. The material used to make the prototype is PLA (polylactic acid). The prototype steering system uses a servo motor, and the drive system uses a brushless DC motor controlled by the PCA9685 module. More than 1600 image data were used and taken based on a simplified track. The results of this study indicate that the prototype can move along the given track with a steering angle range of 20°–130° for right turns and 60°–170° for left turns. The throttle value capable of moving the prototype at a steady speed is 0.075. The Keras Tensorflow model, dataset, and autonomous car design can achieve the desired level of autonomy with an RMSE accuracy of 0.1145. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Forecasting

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Integrated energy demand-supply modeling for low-carbon neighborhood planning

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APPLIED ENERGY 2024年 358卷

作者： Vahid-Ghavidel, Morteza Jafari, Mehdi Letellier-Duchesne, Samuel Berzolla, Zachary Reinhart, Christoph Botterud, Audun MIT Lab Informat & Decis Syst Cambridge MA 02139 USA Fac Engn Univ Porto FEUP P-4200465 Porto Portugal Inst Syst & Comp Engn Technol & Sci INESC TEC P-4200465 Porto Portugal MIT Dept Architecture Bldg Technol Program Cambridge MA 02139 USA

As the building stock is projected to double before the end of the half-century and the power grid is transitions to low-carbon resources, planning new construction hand in hand with the grid and its capacity is essential. This paper presents a method that combines urban building energy modeling and local planning of renewable energy sources (RES) using an optimization framework. The objective of this model is to minimize the investment and operational cost of meeting the energy needs of a group of buildings. The framework considers two urban-scale RES technologies, photovoltaic (PV) panels and small-scale wind turbines, alongside energy storage system (ESS) units that complement building demand in case of RES unavailability. The urban buildings are modeled abstractly as "shoeboxes" using the Urban Modeling Interface (umi) software. We tested the proposed framework on a real case study in a neighborhood in Chicago, Illinois, USA. The results include estimated building energy consumption, optimal capacity of the installed power supply resources, hourly operations, and corresponding energy costs for 2030. We also imposed different levels of CO2 emissions cuts. The results demonstrate that solar PV has the most prominent role in supplying local renewables to the neighborhood, with wind power making only a small contribution. Moreover, as we imposed different CO2 emissions caps, we found that ESS plays an increasingly important role at lower CO2 emissions levels. We can achieve a significant reduction in CO2 emissions with a limited increase in cost (75% emissions reduction at a 15% increase in overall energy costs). Overall, the results highlight the importance of modeling the interactions between building energy use and electricity system capacity expansion planning.

关键词： Building energy Emission reduction Energy storage system Expansion planning Renewables Optimization

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Smart cities and innovative urban management: Perspectives of integrated technological solutions in urban environments

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HELIYON 2024年第6期10卷 e27850页

作者： Jacques, Elizeu Neuenfeldt Junior, Alvaro De Paris, Sabine Francescatto, Matheus Siluk, Julio Univ Fed Santa Maria Prod Engn Postgrad program Innovat & competitiveness Grp Santa Maria Brazil Univ Porto Ctr studies Architecture & Urbanism Architecture & Modes Inhabiting Porto Portugal

The increasing urbanization in a poorly planned way accentuates the imbalance between the population's needs and the organized development in urban spaces. The present study is based on the development of a situational diagnosis in the scope of a smart city, for the contextualization of potential opportunities for actions and innovation strategies in urban spaces. This article presents a literature overview covering the innovative actions developed in the scope of smart cities in scientific publications. Furthermore, the scope of the study is identifying innovation initiatives in the performance of actions and solutions for urban spaces. A literature review was developed supported by mappings, couplings, and diagrams, through the use of VOSViewer and SciMat software, and 115 articles were selected and analyzed, considering the articles based on the criterion of the coefficient of the number of citations concerning the year of publication. In the literature overview developed, it was found that the research within the scope of smart cities has been deepened over the years, with the evolution of the number of words related to the theme in the period from 2014 to 2021, as the advance in the number of publications from 2018 is noticeable, which highlights the increase in popularity regarding the topic, as well as its current relevance. The study identified thematic axes with an emphasis on technology and innovation, environment, urbanism, energy, governance, mobility, and accessibility. The results contributed by assembling innovative smart city actions and practices in an interrelated way with technology, innovation, and market-oriented constructs aimed to reach urban demands, as well as the development of innovative solutions between public institutions and business organizations to integrate urban spaces.

关键词： Smart city Internet of things Technological applications Bibliometric analysis Systematized literature review

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Urbanization pressure and farmers' attitudes: implications for agricultural sustainability

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ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2024年 1-34页

作者： Mulya, Setyardi Pratika Hudalah, Delik Bandung Inst Technol Sch Architecture Planning & Policy Dev Urban & Reg Planning Study Program Bandung 40132 Indonesia Bogor Agr Univ Fac Agr Dept Soil Sci & Land Resources Bogor 16680 Indonesia Bandung Inst Technol Res Ctr Infrastruct & Reg Dev Bandung 40132 Indonesia

Empirical evidence suggests that urbanization pressure impacts agricultural sustainability. This article examines the role of farm characteristics in shaping farmers' attitudes amidst urbanization pressure to converting their agricultural land. Multivalue Qualitative Comparative Analysis (mv-QCA) was employed to elucidate the relationship between farm characteristics and urbanization characteristics from the perspective of farmers. Data were obtained from questionnaire-based interviews with 165 farmers in urban, peri-urban, and rural areas representing various farmer types including owners, owner-cultivators, cultivators, tenants, and pledgers. The results show that 39% of farmers in peri-urban areas and 58% of farmland owners in urban areas exhibit a stronger inclination to sustain their land and farming activities. Furthermore, social, and economic motives are the strongest reasons for farmers to continue to engage in farming today. They have astutely recognized the distinct characteristics of their urban, peri-urban, and rural regions as a result of urbanization. These adaptive strategies include adjustments in planting schedules, utilizing artificial means to source water for agriculture, modifying grain prices and land valuations, decreasing cultivated land size, controlling pests, and seeking supplementary employment. Additionally, extrinsic factors, exemplified by agricultural policies, played a pivotal role in adapting and shaping their behavior (attitudes). The significant role of government in the ongoing development of agriculture in the present and future is crucial. For individual farmers, no matter how heavy the pressure of urbanization, their intrinsic motivation to maintain their land and agricultural activities will remain strong as long as their needs are met.

关键词： Agricultural productivity Agricultural sustainability Farmers' attitude Qualitative comparative analysis Urbanization pressure

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Contested identities, contested building: planning for a glocal future

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ARCHNET-IJAR INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH 2022年第3期16卷 671-687页

作者： Shelby, Jennifer Lindsay, Georgia Derr, Claire Univ Maryland Sch Architecture Planning & Preservat College Pk MD USA Univ Tasmania Coll Sci & Engn Sch Architecture & Design Launceston Tas Australia Univ Colorado Program Environm Design Boulder CO 80309 USA

Purpose - Iconic buildings, especially museums, are often enrolled in creating an identity for cities, yet cities and museums have been sometimes uneasy partners in using architecture to shape city identity. This paper examines the negotiations of place identity amid the conflicting influences of global design trends and local cultural nostalgia through the case of a single development in Aspen, Colorado. Design/methodology/approach - In this case study, using discourse analysis and grounded theory methods, the authors analyzed interviews, planning documents and critical opinions in the press to reveal the ways in which complex identities and contradictory planning directives shape a single building in a hyper-glocal Western town. Findings - This analysis presents a place with complex and at times conflicting identities: residents have intense local concerns in parallel with global allegiances. The Aspen Art Museum building by Shigeru Ban similarly reflects a complex and contradictory identity with its bold design which confronted notions of local identity expressed in the built environment. Despite engaged citizenry and carefully crafted planning directives, the resulting design did not reflect locally produced culture but instead revealed the influence of international capital in the urban fabric. Originality/value - This study examines the tension between hyper-local concerns and international status enacted on a single site in a small yet metropolitan place in the American West offering insights regarding the emplacement of buildings and the subsequent impacts on a place. As cities and institutions move beyond placeless iconic architecture, architecture and urban planning practice will need to adapt to the new paradigm where buildings can be at once global yet also local, drawing on innovative design practices and local culture in the construction of place.

关键词： Place identity Design guidelines Rural towns Star architecture Shigeru Ban

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Response of the offshore jacket platform at its ultimate strength under operating and extreme loads: a Malaysian waters case study

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SHIPS AND OFFSHORE STRUCTURES 2024年第11期19卷 1805-1826页

作者： Othman, Nor Adlina Mohd, Mohd Hairil Univ Malaysia Terengganu Fac Ocean Engn Technol & Informat Maritime Technol Program Offshore Engn & Naval Architecture Res Interest Gr Kuala Terengganu Malaysia Univ Malaysia Terengganu Fac Ocean Engn Technol & Informat Maritime Technol Program Offshore Engn & Naval Architecture Res Interest Gr Kuala Terengganu 21300 Malaysia

Before reassessing the reliability condition of an offshore jacket platform, it is essential to understand the behaviours that the offshore platform exhibits while it is at sea. This paper presents the response of the offshore jacket platform as its ultimate strength under operating and extreme loads. Malaysian waters' metocean data from a 1-year return period (operating condition) and a 100-year return period (storm condition) are used to predict the four-legs jacket platform's behaviour by evaluating its ultimate strength. Also, two values of minimum design water depth (WD) of 105.9 m and maximum design WD of 115.4 m are chosen. The SACS software, a nonlinear finite element analysis software, is used to calculate the jacket platform's ultimate strength, called pushover analysis. For instance, the pushover analysis result will determine the Reserve Strength Ratio (RSR) as an approach to examining the offshore jacket platform's ultimate strength. Responses to the offshore jacket platform are base shear design, base shear ultimate, rotation, displacement, and moment, which illustrate the behaviour of the offshore jacket platform. There are eight combinations of environmental load directions are applied, to obtain the structure's weakest part. It is found that 45 degrees is the critical direction for maximum design WD, while 90 degrees is the critical direction for minimum design WD. The study's findings indicate that the response of the offshore jacket platform is very important for the safe design and operation of offshore jacket platforms.

关键词： Reserve strength ratio pushover offshore jacket platform reliability environmental loads structural response

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Shape ande space: Banyuwangi opera house with a coastal enviromental approach 6

Shape ande space: Banyuwangi opera house with a coastal envi...

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6th International Conference on Technology and Vocational Teachers, ICTVT 2020

作者： Kristiani, E. Widjajanti, W.W. Hendra, F.H. Architecture Studi Program Adhi Tama Institute of Technology Indonesia

Banyuwangi is a city with natural beauty and cultural uniqueness. One its cultures is Osing. Because it has many art performances, Banyuwangi does not yet have a special place to accommodate all art activities. Tourism in coastal areas has a high potential because it offers the beauty of natuew in every corner as its main atrraction. Banyuwangi Opera House is a combination of Banyuwangi Gandrung dance, patrol music, and Umbul-Umbul Blambangan song. Descriptive method was employed in this study using the results of comparative studies on art performance buildings that have cultural history. This design was made as an icon to describe the characteristics of Banyuwangi. The shape is an analogy from the typology of Osing architecture consisting of tikel, baresan, and cerocogan by modifying the planes. Osing spatial planning includes bale, jrumah, and pawon with a space arrangement from front to back combine with colors identical to the distinctive Gandrung Sewu dance attire, namely red, yellow, and black. From the results of this study, it is expected that young generations can protect and preserve the wisdom of local culture through works of art. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Opera houses

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Seismic performance of rocking-delayed spine frame system with base initial gaps

EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND RESILIENCE

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EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND RESILIENCE 2023年第1期2卷 131-157页

作者： Chen, Xingchen Tagawa, Hiroshi Hiroshima Univ Grad Sch Adv Sci & Engn Architecture Program Higashihiroshima 7398527 Japan

This study proposes a rocking-delayed spine frame system that provides initial gaps at the side column bases of the spine frame. This system exhibits a trade-off behavior between the nonuplifting spine system and uplifting-allowed rocking frame system. The feasibility of the proposed system was verified on 16 specimens using cyclic loading tests. An evaluation of the force-deformation relationship of the proposed system was proposed and verified by comparing it to the test results. The seismic performance of the proposed system was investigated using nonlinear time-history analysis. The analysis results clarified the initial gap's influence on seismic responses. A trade-off between the maximum story drift ratio, peak floor acceleration, and maximum shear force of the spine frame was revealed. This study proposed a rocking-delayed spine frame system that provides an initial gap at the side column bases of the spine frame. The hysteresis behavior of the proposed system was theoretically studied, and the cyclic loading test results of 16 specimens were examined to verify its performance. Subsequently, the seismic performance of the proposed system was investigated using nonlinear time-history analysis. The analysis results revealed the influence of the initial gap on the seismic responses. image

关键词： delayed rocking energy-dissipating device peak floor acceleration steel strand story drift ratio strong structural spine

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Illuminating the invisible: unveiling multiscale environmental impacts of ultraviolet irradiance utilizing advanced statistical analysis in arid climate

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THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY 2025年第2期156卷 1-22页

作者： Aldosary, Adel S. Al-Ramadan, Baqer Al Kafy, Abdulla Alsulamy, Saleh Rahaman, Zullyadini A. Rahman, Muhammad Tauhidur King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals KFUPM Architecture & City Design Dept POB 684 Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals KFUPM Interdisciplinary Res Ctr Smart Mobil & Logist Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Rajshahi Univ Engn & Technol RUET Dept Urban & Reg Planning Rajshahi Bangladesh King Khalid Univ Architecture & Planning Coll Dept Architecture Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia Sultan Idris Educ Univ Fac Human Sci Dept Geog & Environm Tanjung Malim 35900 Malaysia Univ Texas Dallas Geospatial Informat Sci Program Sch Econ Polit & Policy Sci 800 Campbell Rd Richardson TX 75023 USA

Arid regions face intense sunlight, leading to heightened ultraviolet (UV) radiation levels. Growing concerns about skin cancer, premature aging, and dermatological issues highlight the need to understand UVA and UVB exposure patterns. Surprisingly, no study has investigated UVA and UVB irradiance in the Arab region. Our study fills this gap by examining UVA and UVB distributions across major Saudi Arabian cities, assessing their impact on public health and the environment. We employed a multiscale trend analysis, incorporating linear, Mann-Kendall Test (MKT), Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA), and Continuous Wavelet Coherence methods. Our findings reveal alarming UV levels: UVA exceeds the critical limit (11 W/m(2)) and rises to > 18 W/m(2) during February-October, posing a risk of critical diseases. UVB also surpasses the extreme limit of 0.30 W/m(2) during March-October in all cities. Notably, Dammam experiences lower UVA and UVB exposure compared to other cities. MKT revealed that annual UVA change rate ranged from - 0.014 (Dammam) to 0.027 (Madinah) W/m(2)/month/year, ITA slope suggests a rate between - 0.005495 and - 0.0246 W/m(2)/month/year over last two decades. Overall study underscores the importance of accurate UV exposure assessments in arid regions. By identifying areas with high UVA and UVB levels, policymakers can develop targeted strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and safeguard public health.

关键词： Ultraviolet irradiance Environmental contaminants Health risks Multiscale trend analysis Climate change Hazardous materials

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