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Smart cities and innovative urban management: Perspectives of integrated technological solutions in urban environments

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HELIYON 2024年第6期10卷 e27850页

作者： Jacques, Elizeu Neuenfeldt Junior, Alvaro De Paris, Sabine Francescatto, Matheus Siluk, Julio Univ Fed Santa Maria Prod Engn Postgrad program Innovat & competitiveness Grp Santa Maria Brazil Univ Porto Ctr studies Architecture & Urbanism Architecture & Modes Inhabiting Porto Portugal

The increasing urbanization in a poorly planned way accentuates the imbalance between the population's needs and the organized development in urban spaces. The present study is based on the development of a situational diagnosis in the scope of a smart city, for the contextualization of potential opportunities for actions and innovation strategies in urban spaces. This article presents a literature overview covering the innovative actions developed in the scope of smart cities in scientific publications. Furthermore, the scope of the study is identifying innovation initiatives in the performance of actions and solutions for urban spaces. A literature review was developed supported by mappings, couplings, and diagrams, through the use of VOSViewer and SciMat software, and 115 articles were selected and analyzed, considering the articles based on the criterion of the coefficient of the number of citations concerning the year of publication. In the literature overview developed, it was found that the research within the scope of smart cities has been deepened over the years, with the evolution of the number of words related to the theme in the period from 2014 to 2021, as the advance in the number of publications from 2018 is noticeable, which highlights the increase in popularity regarding the topic, as well as its current relevance. The study identified thematic axes with an emphasis on technology and innovation, environment, urbanism, energy, governance, mobility, and accessibility. The results contributed by assembling innovative smart city actions and practices in an interrelated way with technology, innovation, and market-oriented constructs aimed to reach urban demands, as well as the development of innovative solutions between public institutions and business organizations to integrate urban spaces.

关键词： Smart city Internet of things Technological applications Bibliometric analysis Systematized literature review

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Urbanization pressure and farmers' attitudes: implications for agricultural sustainability

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ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2024年 1-34页

作者： Mulya, Setyardi Pratika Hudalah, Delik Bandung Inst Technol Sch Architecture Planning & Policy Dev Urban & Reg Planning Study Program Bandung 40132 Indonesia Bogor Agr Univ Fac Agr Dept Soil Sci & Land Resources Bogor 16680 Indonesia Bandung Inst Technol Res Ctr Infrastruct & Reg Dev Bandung 40132 Indonesia

Empirical evidence suggests that urbanization pressure impacts agricultural sustainability. This article examines the role of farm characteristics in shaping farmers' attitudes amidst urbanization pressure to converting their agricultural land. Multivalue Qualitative Comparative Analysis (mv-QCA) was employed to elucidate the relationship between farm characteristics and urbanization characteristics from the perspective of farmers. Data were obtained from questionnaire-based interviews with 165 farmers in urban, peri-urban, and rural areas representing various farmer types including owners, owner-cultivators, cultivators, tenants, and pledgers. The results show that 39% of farmers in peri-urban areas and 58% of farmland owners in urban areas exhibit a stronger inclination to sustain their land and farming activities. Furthermore, social, and economic motives are the strongest reasons for farmers to continue to engage in farming today. They have astutely recognized the distinct characteristics of their urban, peri-urban, and rural regions as a result of urbanization. These adaptive strategies include adjustments in planting schedules, utilizing artificial means to source water for agriculture, modifying grain prices and land valuations, decreasing cultivated land size, controlling pests, and seeking supplementary employment. Additionally, extrinsic factors, exemplified by agricultural policies, played a pivotal role in adapting and shaping their behavior (attitudes). The significant role of government in the ongoing development of agriculture in the present and future is crucial. For individual farmers, no matter how heavy the pressure of urbanization, their intrinsic motivation to maintain their land and agricultural activities will remain strong as long as their needs are met.

关键词： Agricultural productivity Agricultural sustainability Farmers' attitude Qualitative comparative analysis Urbanization pressure

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Contested identities, contested building: planning for a glocal future

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ARCHNET-IJAR INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH 2022年第3期16卷 671-687页

作者： Shelby, Jennifer Lindsay, Georgia Derr, Claire Univ Maryland Sch Architecture Planning & Preservat College Pk MD USA Univ Tasmania Coll Sci & Engn Sch Architecture & Design Launceston Tas Australia Univ Colorado Program Environm Design Boulder CO 80309 USA

Purpose - Iconic buildings, especially museums, are often enrolled in creating an identity for cities, yet cities and museums have been sometimes uneasy partners in using architecture to shape city identity. This paper examines the negotiations of place identity amid the conflicting influences of global design trends and local cultural nostalgia through the case of a single development in Aspen, Colorado. Design/methodology/approach - In this case study, using discourse analysis and grounded theory methods, the authors analyzed interviews, planning documents and critical opinions in the press to reveal the ways in which complex identities and contradictory planning directives shape a single building in a hyper-glocal Western town. Findings - This analysis presents a place with complex and at times conflicting identities: residents have intense local concerns in parallel with global allegiances. The Aspen Art Museum building by Shigeru Ban similarly reflects a complex and contradictory identity with its bold design which confronted notions of local identity expressed in the built environment. Despite engaged citizenry and carefully crafted planning directives, the resulting design did not reflect locally produced culture but instead revealed the influence of international capital in the urban fabric. Originality/value - This study examines the tension between hyper-local concerns and international status enacted on a single site in a small yet metropolitan place in the American West offering insights regarding the emplacement of buildings and the subsequent impacts on a place. As cities and institutions move beyond placeless iconic architecture, architecture and urban planning practice will need to adapt to the new paradigm where buildings can be at once global yet also local, drawing on innovative design practices and local culture in the construction of place.

关键词： Place identity Design guidelines Rural towns Star architecture Shigeru Ban

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Shape ande space: Banyuwangi opera house with a coastal enviromental approach 6

Shape ande space: Banyuwangi opera house with a coastal envi...

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6th International Conference on Technology and Vocational Teachers, ICTVT 2020

作者： Kristiani, E. Widjajanti, W.W. Hendra, F.H. Architecture Studi Program Adhi Tama Institute of Technology Indonesia

Banyuwangi is a city with natural beauty and cultural uniqueness. One its cultures is Osing. Because it has many art performances, Banyuwangi does not yet have a special place to accommodate all art activities. Tourism in coastal areas has a high potential because it offers the beauty of natuew in every corner as its main atrraction. Banyuwangi Opera House is a combination of Banyuwangi Gandrung dance, patrol music, and Umbul-Umbul Blambangan song. Descriptive method was employed in this study using the results of comparative studies on art performance buildings that have cultural history. This design was made as an icon to describe the characteristics of Banyuwangi. The shape is an analogy from the typology of Osing architecture consisting of tikel, baresan, and cerocogan by modifying the planes. Osing spatial planning includes bale, jrumah, and pawon with a space arrangement from front to back combine with colors identical to the distinctive Gandrung Sewu dance attire, namely red, yellow, and black. From the results of this study, it is expected that young generations can protect and preserve the wisdom of local culture through works of art. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Opera houses

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Illuminating the invisible: unveiling multiscale environmental impacts of ultraviolet irradiance utilizing advanced statistical analysis in arid climate

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THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY 2025年第2期156卷 1-22页

作者： Aldosary, Adel S. Al-Ramadan, Baqer Al Kafy, Abdulla Alsulamy, Saleh Rahaman, Zullyadini A. Rahman, Muhammad Tauhidur King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals KFUPM Architecture & City Design Dept POB 684 Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals KFUPM Interdisciplinary Res Ctr Smart Mobil & Logist Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Rajshahi Univ Engn & Technol RUET Dept Urban & Reg Planning Rajshahi Bangladesh King Khalid Univ Architecture & Planning Coll Dept Architecture Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia Sultan Idris Educ Univ Fac Human Sci Dept Geog & Environm Tanjung Malim 35900 Malaysia Univ Texas Dallas Geospatial Informat Sci Program Sch Econ Polit & Policy Sci 800 Campbell Rd Richardson TX 75023 USA

Arid regions face intense sunlight, leading to heightened ultraviolet (UV) radiation levels. Growing concerns about skin cancer, premature aging, and dermatological issues highlight the need to understand UVA and UVB exposure patterns. Surprisingly, no study has investigated UVA and UVB irradiance in the Arab region. Our study fills this gap by examining UVA and UVB distributions across major Saudi Arabian cities, assessing their impact on public health and the environment. We employed a multiscale trend analysis, incorporating linear, Mann-Kendall Test (MKT), Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA), and Continuous Wavelet Coherence methods. Our findings reveal alarming UV levels: UVA exceeds the critical limit (11 W/m(2)) and rises to > 18 W/m(2) during February-October, posing a risk of critical diseases. UVB also surpasses the extreme limit of 0.30 W/m(2) during March-October in all cities. Notably, Dammam experiences lower UVA and UVB exposure compared to other cities. MKT revealed that annual UVA change rate ranged from - 0.014 (Dammam) to 0.027 (Madinah) W/m(2)/month/year, ITA slope suggests a rate between - 0.005495 and - 0.0246 W/m(2)/month/year over last two decades. Overall study underscores the importance of accurate UV exposure assessments in arid regions. By identifying areas with high UVA and UVB levels, policymakers can develop targeted strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and safeguard public health.

关键词： Ultraviolet irradiance Environmental contaminants Health risks Multiscale trend analysis Climate change Hazardous materials

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Book Review: Garden Neighborhoods of San Francisco: The Development of Residence Parks, 1905-1924

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Journal of Planning History 2023年第2期23卷 159 - 162页

作者： Gordon Scholz Community and Regional Planning Program College of Architecture University of Nebraska–Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

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Evaluation of low-cost GNSS receivers for speed monitoring

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CASE STUDIES ON TRANSPORT POLICY 2022年第1期10卷 239-247页

作者： Barbosa, Luciano Aparecido Costa, Diogenes Cortijo de Oliveira, Henrique Candido Unicamp Univ Campinas Sch Civil Engn Architecture & Urban Design Dept Infrastruct & Environm Grad Program Civil Engn Sao Paulo Brazil

Accidents caused by exceeding the driving speed limit are one of the main reasons for premature deaths and permanent injuries worldwide. As such, the search for actions seeking to reduce traffic accidents or their severity becomes increasingly crucial as these accidents become more relevant. The objective of this work is to present a low-cost solution based on the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) technology for vehicle monitoring and detection of road sections where drivers exceed speed limits. This allows classifying roads by their driver's behavior, helping traffic authorities to manage these road sections. For this purpose, two devices were developed to measure GPS speed and to ensure the same tracking conditions for these devices. A fixing structure was built to accommodate the devices as well as a smartphone, which recorded the speedometer on video. Considering that the spatial data analysis showed no significant difference in speed measurements, the device can be chosen by the lowest cost. The comparison of measured speeds with devices in relation to speeds considered by traffic laws showed that device present values are closer to the vehicle speedometer (mainly at slower speeds). These results indicate that the sensation of speed difference on the part of the driver is considerable, and that tolerances established by the legislation need to be revised so as not to cause a feeling of impunity. Therefore, the use of low-cost GNSS receivers in automatic speed control and monitoring applications in road vehicles shows great potential. It is of great value especially on roads with tracking conditions similar to our experiments. This potential can be explored by educational measures to modify the road geometric designs where excesses are frequently identified.

关键词： Enforcement Speed Speed cameras Security Accidents

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Exploring the potential application of a custom deep learning model for camera trap analysis of local urban species

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LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 2024年第4期20卷 595-604页

作者： Park, Somin Cho, Mingyun Kim, Suryeon Choi, Jaeyeon Song, Wonkyong Kim, Wheemoon Song, Youngkeun Park, Hyemin Yoo, Jonghyun Seo, Seung Beom Park, Chan Univ Seoul Dept Landscape Architecture Seoul South Korea Univ Seoul Dept Urban Planning & Design Seoul 02504 South Korea Dankook Univ Dept Environm Hort & Landscape Architecture Cheonan South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Grad Sch Environm Studies Dept Environm Design Seoul South Korea Univ Seoul Int Sch Urban Sci Seoul South Korea Univ Seoul Inst Urban Sci Seoul South Korea Gyeonggi Res Inst Suwon Gyeonggi South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Integrated Major Smartcity Global Convergence Seoul South Korea

With increasing demands for biodiversity monitoring, the integration of camera trapping (CT) and deep learning automation holds significant promise. However, few studies have addressed the application potential of this approach in urban areas in Asia. 4064 CT images targeting 18 species of urban wildlife in South Korea were collected and used to fine-tune a pre-trained object detection model. The performance of the custom model was evaluated across three levels: animal filtering, mammal and bird classification, and species classification, to assess its applicability. A comparison with existing universal models was conducted to test the utility of the custom model. The custom model demonstrated approximately 94% and 85% accuracy in animal filtering and species classification, respectively, outperforming universal models in some aspects. In addition, recommendations regarding CT installation distances and the acquisition of nighttime data were provided. Importantly, these results have practical implications for terrestrial monitoring, especially focusing on the analysis of local species. Automating image filtering and species classification facilitates efficient analysis of large CT datasets and enables broader participation in wildlife monitoring.

关键词： Biodiversity monitoring Urban ecosystem Urban wildlife Transfer learning Image-filtering automation

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Fragility Curves for Low-Rise Residential Masonry Buildings in Low Seismicity Regions 5th

Fragility Curves for Low-Rise Residential Masonry Buildings ...

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5th International Conference on Protection of Historical Constructions-PROHITECH

作者： Yalcinkaya, G. Ozge Celik, Oguz C. Istanbul Tech Univ ITU Grad Sch Earthquake Engn Program Struct Engn ARUP TR-34485 Istanbul Turkiye Istanbul Tech Univ ITU Dept Architecture Struct & Earthquake Engn Unit TR-34437 Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9783031873140;9783031873126;9783031873119

Many low-rise residential masonry buildings were designed and constructed without seismic design criteria. Such buildings are generally safe under gravity loading unless uneven soil settlements take place under the building. Predicting the behavior of masonry structures under earthquake forces has always been complex due to their heterogeneity and brittleness. In recent years, seismic evaluation of masonry structures in the Groningen region has gained importance due to natural gas extraction that resulted in subsidence above the field. Using nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) curves, it can be probabilistically understood whether the structure would meet the performance targets at various intensity levels. This paper focuses on a 19th century, 2-story unreinforced brick masonry (UBM) building in Groningen which reflects the general typology of the region. LS-DYNA has been used as an useful computational tool in the 3D structural modeling and analyses. IDA and fragility curves are evaluated according to the Dutch earthquake code (NPR 9998R + C1), TYDRYK (The Earthquake Risk Management Guide for Historic Buildings in Turkey) 2017, and Eurocode 8. Considering the five earthquake records (Huizinge) in each direction, it is seen that the collapse prevention criterion proposed by the regulations (0.8-1.0% drift) is exceeded. The developed fragility curves suggest that the probabilities for each code-based performance level vary significantly. For example, as per EC8, the level of collapse prevention is reached when the spectral acceleration coefficient is 3 for a probability of exceedance of 48%. For the same coefficient, a probability of exceedance of 28% is obtained when TYDRYK 2017 is used.

关键词： Masonry Low-rise residential buildings Incremental dynamic analysis Fragility Low seismicity

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The Ideal Strategy of Carbon-Neutral for Park Landscape Design: A Proposal for a Rapid Detection Method

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APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2024年第18期14卷 8128-8128页

作者： Ou, Shengjung Chien, Yuchen Hsu, Cheyu Ning, Fuer Pan, Haozhang Chaoyang Univ Technol Dept Landscape & Urban Design Taichung 41349 Taiwan Nanjing Forestry Univ Coll Landscape Architecture Coll Art Design 159 Longpan Rd Nanjing 210037 Peoples R China Chaoyang Univ Technol Dept Architecture Architecture & Urban Design Program Coll Design Taichung 41349 Taiwan

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the carbon footprint, resilience levels, and optimal landscape area ratios of various parks. Additionally, it explores the relationships between landscape element proportions (LEP), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), resilience indicators (RI), and the carbon reduction benefits associated with carbon neutrality (CN). Six parks were assessed for resilience, NDVI, LEP, and CN values, with Pearson correlation analysis conducted. The results revealed that parks with or without waterbodies exhibited ideal LEP area ratios of 6.5:2:1.5 (Softscape:Waterbody:Hardscape) and 8.3:1.7 (Softscape:Hardscape), respectively. Enhanced Softscape and reduced Hardscape proportions in parks correlated with increased NDVI and CN. NDVI exhibited a positive correlation with Softscape percentage and a negative correlation with Hardscape percentage. Conversely, CN demonstrated a negative correlation with Hardscape percentage and a positive correlation with Softscape percentage. Suggesting Softscape should constitute over 65%, and Hardscape should be under 15% in parks with water bodies. Waterless parks are advised to maintain a Softscape ratio exceeding 83% and a Hardscape ratio below 17%. Finally, the study extended to assess the LEP of 22 additional parks, validating the suitability of the ideal LEP area ratio.

关键词： carbon-neutral park life cycle assessment landscape element carbon footprint normalized difference vegetation index resilience index

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