This article presents a study of residential parcel design and surface heat island formation in a major metropolitan region of the southeastern United States. Through the integration of high-resolution multispectral d...
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This article presents a study of residential parcel design and surface heat island formation in a major metropolitan region of the southeastern United States. Through the integration of high-resolution multispectral data (10 m) with property tax records for over 100,000 single-family residential parcels in the Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan region, the influence of the size and material composition of residential land use on an indicator of surface heat island formation is reported. In contrast to previous work on the urban heat island, this study derives a parcel-based indicator of surface warming to permit the impact of land use planning regulations governing the density and design of development on the excess surface flux of heat energy to be measured. The results of this study suggest that the contribution of individual land parcels to regional surface heat island formation could be reduced by approximately 40% through the adoption of specific land use planning policies, such as zoning and subdivision regulations, and with no modifications to the size or albedo, of the residential structure. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Environmental science has formed the central part of ecological discourse in architecture. It has been the primary force behind the work of various leaders in the ecological design community [1]. Gravity and the secon...
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Environmental science has formed the central part of ecological discourse in architecture. It has been the primary force behind the work of various leaders in the ecological design community [1]. Gravity and the second law of thermodynamics set the stage for disseminating a vast array of scientific principles. Energy is plotted. Solar angles are graphed. Thermal flows are mapped. These science-based principles are fundamental to producing new green technologies and various shades of green in the plans and sections of our buildings [2]. And the science behind the environment continues to prosper. The challenge in architectural education however has been the development of more inclusive, creative, even conflictive understandings of ecology and environmental design that expand beyond the germane integration of environmental science principles and new green technologies. This paper represents an extension of work in relation to a graduate level design studio recently taught at Georgia Tech with the aim of presenting more complex definitions and uses of ecology in architectural practice as a complement to the science behind the environment. Ultimately, the ideas and strategies described here hold potential for new forms of relationship between people, place, material and earth. The paper is organized into two parts. The first part identifies three major concerns: 1) the current predicament of peak global oil production;2) the re-occurring problems associated with the mind-set separation of culture and nature;and 3) the untapped potential between ecology, creativity, and architecture. The second part places these concerns in practice, in the context of three green housing proposals located at Hulsey Yards, a 35-acre in-town, industrial urban site south of downtown Atlanta that is strategically placed along the Belt Line Atlanta Project, a 22-mile inner-city light rail loop and greenway currently the focus of a multi-million dollar study by the Georgia Department of Trans
The teaching of architectural design is greatly enriched by a pedagogy which promotes the rigorous apprehension of the knowledge of materials. Students who directly engage the physical, tectonic and constructional lim...
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This article begins to identify high-priority social science research issues focused on the hurricane forecast and warning system. The research agenda was distilled as faithfully as possible from the efforts of a host...
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We carried out an experimental investigation to determine the static water absorption properties of terry fabrics. We tested 216 terry fabric samples, woven using 6 warp densities, 4 weft densities, 3 pile height and ...
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We carried out an experimental investigation to determine the static water absorption properties of terry fabrics. We tested 216 terry fabric samples, woven using 6 warp densities, 4 weft densities, 3 pile height and 3 different yarn types. It is shown that terry fabrics produced with two-ply open-end yarn have the lowest percent water absorption. It is also shown that an increase in warp and weft densities decreases the percentage water absorption of terry fabrics, and an increase in pile length increases it.
This paper aims to analyze interactive multimedia and visualization techniques for architectural theory publications. Unfortunately, the available literature about multimedia, visualization, hypertext and related syst...
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This paper aims to analyze interactive multimedia and visualization techniques for architectural theory publications. Unfortunately, the available literature about multimedia, visualization, hypertext and related systems in this area is not consistent. The paper reviews the features of a research project outcome, which investigates an iconic building of the late 1930's in Brazil. It examines the differences and similarities between a hypertext/multimedia system - a CD-ROM - with a comparable non-hypertext or non-computer product - a book - that deals with a specific subject: Architectural Theory.
This investigation determined the measurement properties of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 3.0 Cerebral Palsy (CP) Module. PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales and 3.0 CP Module were administered to 245 fa...
This investigation determined the measurement properties of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 3.0 Cerebral Palsy (CP) Module. PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales and 3.0 CP Module were administered to 245 families. Mean age of the 134 males and 107 females was 8 years 1 month (SD 4y 4mo; range 2–18y). The sample included children with hemiplegia ( n =55), diplegia ( n =84), and quadriplegia ( n =85). Twenty eight children had a Gross Motor Function Classification System classification at Level I, 40 at Level II, 86 at Level III, 43 at Level IV, and 37 at Level V. Reliability was demonstrated for the PedsQL 4.0 (α=0.86 child, 0.89 parent) and CP Module (α=0.79 child, 0.91 parent). The PedsQL 4.0 distinguished between healthy children and children with CP. Construct validity of the CP Module was supported. Sensitivity of the PedsQL was demonstrated among children with different diagnostic categories and gross motor function.
In the midst of the current environment-conscious era, sustainable architecture and sustainable engineering are seen as the vehicle to creating green buildings. This paper investigates the role of daylighting systems ...
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作者：
Schäfer, AJacoby, HDUniv Cambridge
Dept Architecture Martin Ctr Architectural & Urban Studies Cambridge CB2 2EB England MIT
Joint Program Sci & Policy Global Change Cambridge MA 02139 USA
A study is presented of the rates of penetration of different transport technologies under policy constraints on CO, emissions. The response of this sector is analyzed within an overall national level of restriction, ...
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A study is presented of the rates of penetration of different transport technologies under policy constraints on CO, emissions. The response of this sector is analyzed within an overall national level of restriction, with a focus on automobiles, light trucks, and heavy freight trucks. Using the US as an example, a linked set of three models is used to carry out the analysis: a multi-sector computable general equilibrium model of the economy, a MARKAL-type model of vehicle and fuel supply technology, and a model simulating the split of personal and freight transport among modes. Results highlight the importance of incremental improvements in conventional internal combustion engine technology, and, in the absence of policies to overcome observed consumer discount rates, the very long time horizons before radical alternatives like the internal combustion engine hybrid drive train vehicle are likely to take substantial market share. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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