This paper examines the relationship between retail land use and neighborhood satisfaction along with the moderating and mediating effects of trees and shrubs. Neighborhood satisfaction has been related to a number of...
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This paper aims to discuss the methods of form production in Le Corbusier's housing design from a typological point of view and to explore his composite principles of rational housing. Specifically, this paper loo...
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We report that previous polymer chain scission experiments in strong flows, long analyzed according to accepted laminar flow scission theories, were in fact affected by turbulence. We reconcile existing anomalies betw...
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We report that previous polymer chain scission experiments in strong flows, long analyzed according to accepted laminar flow scission theories, were in fact affected by turbulence. We reconcile existing anomalies between theory and experiment with the hypothesis that the local stress at the Kolmogorov scale generates the molecular tension leading to polymer covalent bond breakage. The hypothesis yields a universal scaling for polymer scission in turbulent flows. This surprising reassessment of over 40 years of experimental data simplifies the theoretical picture of polymer dynamics leading to scission and allows control of scission in commercial polymers and genomic DNA.
作者：
Lamb, T.Cooper, K.Univ Michigan
Shipbldg Res Lab Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan
NAVSEA Ship Prod Sci Program Dept Naval Architecture & Marine Engn Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Off Naval Res
Naval Warfare Dept Engn & Ship Syst Div Arlington VA 22217 USA Off Naval Res
Seabasing Innovat Naval Prototype Program Arlington VA 22217 USA
Engineering university accreditation boards around the world have recently re-recognized the need for a balance in theory and practice. In the past decade there has been a strong resurgence of interest in design exper...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1905040245
Engineering university accreditation boards around the world have recently re-recognized the need for a balance in theory and practice. In the past decade there has been a strong resurgence of interest in design experience and teamwork. This is provided in student team-based design projects. Student design competitions have been developed as an integral part of this approach. The benefits of such competitions as an aid for teaching of marine design, although quite clear is in some ways controversial. In the U.S. the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers run a number of annual student marine design competitions. They are international in scope with entries from Europe and South America as well as Canada and the U.S. The SNAME design competitions are unique in the engineering curriculum, all other competitions being much broader and often focused on sophomore students, as well as high school students, as a way to develop interest in engineering. The student design committees all report to the Education Committee of SNAME. The Education Committee recently formed an Ad Hoc Group to look into all aspects of the design competition organization and conduct, which has developed a series of recommendations for SNAME for the future of the competitions. A major focus of the review has been on how the competitions can be made better for the students. The paper will discuss the benefits of design competitions as an aid to teaching design and describe the findings and recommendations of the Ad Hoc Group.
Given the growing importance of forest-management strategies which seek to emulate natural disturbance patterns, and the increased incidence of pest epidemics in some parts of North America, there is surprisingly litt...
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Given the growing importance of forest-management strategies which seek to emulate natural disturbance patterns, and the increased incidence of pest epidemics in some parts of North America, there is surprisingly little published research on perceived visual quality of pest infestations, especially, at the landscape level (middleground viewing distance). Much of the literature that does exist focuses on the visual impact of beetles (Dendroctonus spp.) or gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar). This paper reviews the work published to date and distills key points and research priorities emerging from it. Visual-quality ratings generally decrease significantly as pest damage increases in the middleground landscape. Some studies have identified quite low thresholds (in terms of the area of the visible landscape affected by pest activity), below which perceived visual quality drops significantly with increasing visible pest damage, and beyond which, additional negative visual impacts of increasing damage appear to be modest. However, reductions in visual quality due to pest attack may be outweighed by high visual quality of the overall scene. Low levels of beetle damage may even enhance the visual quality of a landscape temporarily. Results are not clear on the effect of information about pest infestations on respondents' visual-quality ratings. Some studies show that informed respondents consider visual quality of affected scenes to be lower than do uninformed respondents, but this may reflect the way in which the information was delivered. A conceptual framework is suggested which relates the existing research to knowledge gaps and future research priorities, not only on visual-quality effects of pest infestations but also on related public perceptual responses and other disturbance types. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The article reviews several books about urban policy including "Economic Development in New Zealand," edited by James E. Rowe, "Urban Place: Reconnecting With the Natural World," edited by Peggy F....
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The article reviews several books about urban policy including "Economic Development in New Zealand," edited by James E. Rowe, "Urban Place: Reconnecting With the Natural World," edited by Peggy F. Bartlett, and "The Global Cities Reader," edited by Neil Brenner and Roger Keil.
In this paper, we present a generative design model for conceptual design in architecture. Based on this model we developed and implemented a compact, open-ended generative tool with a connected design evaluation data...
In this paper, we present a generative design model for conceptual design in architecture. Based on this model we developed and implemented a compact, open-ended generative tool with a connected design evaluation database. Core concept of our generative approach is to achieve complex forms from a base primitive and create the form from the modified instances. Our tool is used in various levels of design studios, including graduate and undergraduate students. Designs from these experiments are evaluated in a qualitative framework.
Radiation force balance (RFB) measurements of time-averaged, spatially-integrated ultrasound power transmitted into a reflectionless water load are based on measurements of the power received by the RFB target. When c...
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Radiation force balance (RFB) measurements of time-averaged, spatially-integrated ultrasound power transmitted into a reflectionless water load are based on measurements of the power received by the RFB target. When conical targets are used to intercept the output of collimated, circularly symmetric ultrasound sources operating at frequencies above a few megahertz, the correction for in-situ attenuation is significant, and differs significantly from predictions for idealized circumstances. Empirical attenuation correction factors for a 45 degrees (half-angle) absorptive conical RFB target have been determined for 24 frequencies covering the 5 MHz to 30 MHz range. They agree well with previously unpublished attenuation calibration factors determined in 1994 for a similar target.
作者：
Lamb, T.Cooper, K.Univ Michigan
Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan
Shipbldg Res Lab Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan
Dept Naval Architecture and Marine Engn NAVSEA Ship Prod Sci Program Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Off Naval Res
Naval Warfare Dept Engn & Ship Syst Div Arlington VA 22217 USA
The education of naval architects and marine engineers in Canada and the U.S. is a small but important part of the overall engineering education, at about a dozen institutions. Over the past ten years there has been c...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1905040253
The education of naval architects and marine engineers in Canada and the U.S. is a small but important part of the overall engineering education, at about a dozen institutions. Over the past ten years there has been contraction in the number of institutions offering such education, and significant curriculum re-organization, partly to suit the institutions (Curriculum 2000) but also driven by ABET (accreditation) requirements. The paper will describe the current state of NA&ME education institutions in Canada and the U.S. This will include the stated vision, current programs, number of students enrolled and recently graduated, recent developments, and a look at the future. The role of SNAME in the education of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (high school, university, and continuing education focus) will be discussed, as well as their student design competitions. The U.S. Navy is the source of most ship design and shipbuilding employment (direct and indirect) in the U.S. and it has been active in ensuring that sufficient and appropriately trained professionals are available to support its future ship design and shipbuilding needs. This has been achieved by the formation of a Center for Innovative Ship Design within NAVSEA, developing a progression plan for engineers in NAVSEA, the establishing of programs to support research for faculty at universities thus promoting strong faculty with work that can attract the best students and sponsoring a new summer naval surface ship design program. These programs will be briefly reviewed in the paper.
The objective of this paper is to investigate the development of Silhak as an Eastern epistemology, the implications of Silhak in Korean society, and to discover further planning implications. More specifically, we pr...
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The objective of this paper is to investigate the development of Silhak as an Eastern epistemology, the implications of Silhak in Korean society, and to discover further planning implications. More specifically, we present the Silhak philosophers' aporia of symbiotic rationality from the sociological normative perspective, focusing particularly on Dasan's ontology. A consideration of the values of Korean traditional Silhak epistemology would have many implications for the normative aspects of planning theory. First of all, Silhak philosophy argues that society should be understood as a part of an organism that has reciprocal relationships between its components. Second, the pragmatic tendency of Silhak is substantive, in that it pursues a method of improving peoples' lives and national power-not a technical methodology-efficiently and practically within its organic realities. Silhak's adaptation in a changing society to meet the dynamic balance through material and spiritual reform is the third implication for the normative aspects of planning practices in Korea.
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