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NATURE WATER 2023年第12期1卷 1004-1015页

作者： Xiao, Feng Deng, Baolin Dionysiou, Dionysios Karanfil, Tanju O'Shea, Kevin Roccaro, Paolo Xiong, Zhong John Zhao, Dongye Univ Missouri Dept Civil & Environm Engn Columbia MO 63121 USA Univ Cincinnati Dept Chem & Environm Engn Environm Engn & Sci Program Cincinnati OH USA Clemson Univ Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci Anderson SC USA Florida Int Univ Dept Chem & Biochem Miami FL USA Univ Catania Dept Civil Engn & Architecture Catania Italy Haley & Aldrich Inc Costa Mesa CA USA San Diego State Univ Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn San Diego CA USA

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are notable health concerns, leading to global drinking-water regulations for primary PFAS. However, conventional drinking-water treatment methods are ineffective in eliminating PFAS due to their resistance to such processes. Moreover, certain disinfection procedures may inadvertently generate perfluorinated compounds from polyfluorinated precursor compounds. With evolving regulations, there exists an immediate demand for both technical and non-technical solutions that water treatment facilities can adopt. Here, to address this critical gap, we examine the primary challenges tied to PFAS removal and introduce a detailed four-stage protocol. We advocate for non-technical strategies to improve PFAS removal practices. The treatment trains and management recommendations presented in this Perspective are also geared towards helping utilities comply with regulations concerning other chemical contaminants, including disinfection by-products. We emphasize the necessity for practical PFAS monitoring and treatment guidelines and encourage utilities to leverage all available resources, to positively impact public health through improved water quality.

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Leaf Nitrogen Concentration and Plant Height Prediction for Maize Using UAV-Based Multispectral Imagery and Machine Learning Techniques

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REMOTE SENSING 2020年第19期12卷 3237-3237页

作者： Osco, Lucas Prado Marcato Junior, Jose, Jr. Marques Ramos, Ana Paula Garcia Furuya, Danielle Elis Santana, Dthenifer Cordeiro Ribeiro Teodoro, Larissa Pereira Goncalves, Wesley Nunes Rojo Baio, Fabio Henrique Pistori, Hemerson da Silva Junior, Carlos Antonio, Jr. Teodoro, Paulo Eduardo Univ Western Sao Paulo UNOESTE Fac Engn & Architecture & Urbanism Rodovia Raposo TavaresKm 572 Limoeiro BR-19067175 Pres Prudente SP Brazil Fed Univ Mato Grosso do Sul UFMS Fac Engn Architecture & Urbanism & Geog Cidade UnivAv Costa e Silva BR-79070900 Pioneiros MS Brazil Univ Western Sao Paulo UNOESTE Postgrad Program Environm & Reg Dev Rodovia Raposo TavaresKm 572 Limoeiro BR-19067175 Pres Prudente SP Brazil UEMS Programa Posgrad Agron Area Concentracao Prod Vegetal Unidade Univ Aquidauana BR-79200000 Aquidauana MS Brazil Fed Univ Mato Grosso do Sul UFMS Dept Agron Rodovia MS 306Km 305 Caixa Postal 112 BR-79560000 Chapadao Do Sul MS Brazil Fed Univ Mato Grosso do Sul UFMS Fac Comp Cidade UnivAv Costa e Silva BR-79070900 Pioneiros MS Brazil Univ Catolica Dom Bosco Inovisao Av Tamandare 6000 BR-79117900 Campo Grande MS Brazil State Univ Mato Grosso UNEMAT Dept Geog Av Ingas 3001 BR-78555000 Sinop MT Brazil

Under ideal conditions of nitrogen (N), maize (Zea mays L.) can grow to its full potential, reaching maximum plant height (PH). As a rapid and nondestructive approach, the analysis of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)-based imagery may be of assistance to estimate N and height. The main objective of this study is to present an approach to predict leaf nitrogen concentration (LNC, g kg(-1)) and PH (m) with machine learning techniques and UAV-based multispectral imagery in maize plants. An experiment with 11 maize cultivars under two rates of N fertilization was carried during the 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 crop seasons. The spectral vegetation indices (VI) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference red-edge index (NDRE), green normalized difference vegetation (GNDVI), and the soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) were extracted from the images and, in a computational system, used alongside the spectral bands as input parameters for different machine learning models. A randomized 10-fold cross-validation strategy, with a total of 100 replicates, was used to evaluate the performance of 9 supervised machine learning (ML) models using the Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), mean absolute error (MAE), coefficient of regression (R-2), and root mean square error (RMSE) metrics. The results indicated that the random forest (RF) algorithm performed better, with r and RMSE, respectively, of 0.91 and 1.9 ***(-)(1) for LNC, and 0.86 and 0.17 m for PH. It was also demonstrated that VIs contributed more to the algorithm's performances than individual spectral bands. This study concludes that the RF model is appropriate to predict both agronomic variables in maize and may help farmers to monitor their plants based upon their LNC and PH diagnosis and use this knowledge to improve their production rates in the subsequent seasons.

关键词： UAV random forest nitrogen maize

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Comparing the Data Quality of Global Positioning System Devices and Mobile Phones for Assessing Relationships Between Place, Mobility, and Health: Field Study

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JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH 2018年第8期6卷 e168页

作者： Goodspeed, Robert Yan, Xiang Hardy, Jean Vydiswaran, Vinod Berrocal, Veronica J. Clarke, Philippa Romero, Daniel M. Gomez-Lopez, Iris N. Veinot, Tiffany Univ Michigan Taubman Coll Architecture & Urban Planning Urban & Reg Planning Program 2000 Bonisteel Blvd Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Sch Informat Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Sch Med Dept Learning Hlth Sci Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Sch Publ Hlth Dept Biostat Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Inst Social Res Ann Arbor MI USA Univ Michigan Sch Publ Hlth Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

Background: Mobile devices are increasingly used to collect location-based information from individuals about their physical activities, dietary intake, environmental exposures, and mental well-being. Such research, which typically uses wearable devices or mobile phones to track location, benefits from the growing availability of fine-grained data regarding human mobility. However, little is known about the comparative geospatial accuracy of such devices. Objective: In this study, we compared the data quality of location information collected from two mobile devices that determine location in different ways-a global positioning system (GPS) watch and a mobile phone with Google's Location History feature enabled. Methods: A total of 21 chronically ill participants carried both devices, which generated digital traces of locations, for 28 days. A mobile phone based brief ecological momentary assessment (EMA) survey asked participants to manually report their location at 4 random times throughout each day. Participants also took part in qualitative interviews and completed surveys twice during the study period in which they reviewed recent mobile phone and watch trace data to compare the devices' trace data with their memory of their activities on those days. Trace data from the devices were compared on the basis of (1) missing data days, (2) reasons for missing data, (3) distance between the route data collected for matching day and the associated EMA survey locations, and (4) activity space total area and density surfaces. Results: The watch resulted in a much higher proportion of missing data days (P<.001), with missing data explained by technical differences between the devices as well as participant behaviors. The mobile phone was significantly more accurate in detecting home locations (P=.004) and marginally more accurate (P=.07) for all types of locations combined. The watch data resulted in a smaller activity space area and more accurately recorded outdoor trave

关键词： urban population spatial behavior mobile phone environment and public health data accuracy

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Climate change leads to range contraction for Japanese population of the Oriental Honey-Buzzards: Implications for future conservation strategies

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GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION 2022年 34卷

作者： Condro, Aryo A. Syartinilia Higuchi, Hiroyoshi Mulyani, Yeni A. Raffiudin, Rika Rusniarsyah, Lufthi Setiawan, Yudi Prasetyo, Lilik B. IPB Univ Fac Forestry & Environm Dept Forest Resources Conservat & Ecotourism Trop Biodivers Conservat Program Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680 Indonesia IPB Univ Fac Agr Dept Landscape Architecture Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680 Indonesia Keio Univ Res & Educ Ctr Nat Sci Raio Sha 206Hiyoshi 4-1-1 Yokohama Kanagawa 2238521 Japan IPB Univ Fac Forestry & Environm Dept Forest Resources Conservat & Ecotourism Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680 Indonesia IPB Univ Fac Math & Nat Sci Dept Biol Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680 Indonesia IPB Univ Fac Forestry & Environm Dept Silviculture Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor 16680 Indonesia

Over the past decades, global environmental changes have led to unfavorable effects on migratory birds. However, many species that encounter climate change are listed as least concern by International Union for Conservation of Nature. Using species distribution models, we quantified the redistributions of breeding and wintering sites of oriental honey buzzards, OHB (Pernis ptilorhynchus), a long-distance migratory raptor that often preys on the larvae of wasps and bees under changing climate based on shared socio-economic pathways scenarios. We also incorporated climate and land use risks based on climate anomalies and vegetation dynamics to assess future conservation strategies. The results revealed a significant range contraction on the wintering and breeding areas of the OHB species by 2050 and 2100. Our results suggest that the migration distance will likely increase under all scenarios. In addition, we found many high-risk areas across OHB habitats while refugia areas were relatively only covered a small proportion. Habitat restoration and developing new protected areas become a fundamental strategy for OHB conservation. Our approaches have provided comprehensive insights into broad biogeographic dynamics under multifaceted threats and how to tackle global changes through the specific landscape management for long-distance migrants.

关键词： Climate shifting Conservation planning Crested honey-buzzard Species distribution models Macrorefugia Shared socioeconomic pathways

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Metabolic profile of Mycobacterium smegmatis reveals Mce4 proteins are relevant for cell wall lipid homeostasis

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METABOLOMICS 2016年第6期12卷 97-97页

作者： Paz Santangelo, Maria Heuberger, Adam Blanco, Federico Forrellad, Marina Taibo, Catalina Klepp, Laura Sabio Garcia, Julia Nikel, Pablo I. Jackson, Mary Bigi, Fabiana Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr CICVyA B1686IGC Hurlingham RA-1033 Buenos Aires DF Argentina Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr CICVyA B1686IGC Hurlingham Buenos Aires DF Argentina Colorado State Univ Prote & Metabol Facil Microbiol Bldg Ft Collins CO 80523 USA CSIC Ctr Nacl Biotecnol Syst Biol Program C Darwin 3Campus Cantoblanco Madrid 28049 Spain Colorado State Univ Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci Ft Collins CO 80523 USA Colorado State Univ Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture 209 Shepardson Bldg Ft Collins CO 80523 USA

Introduction The Mce proteins are encoded in a variable number of operons (from one to eight) in all Mycobacterium species. A role in the transport of host and mycobacterial lipids has been demonstrated for some Mce proteins in the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis but little is known about these proteins in Mycobacterium smegmatis, a soil dweller species. Objective To investigate the role of Mce proteins in M. smegmatis. Method We used a non-targeted GC-MS approach to define the metabolic profiles of knockout mutants in mce operons of M. smegmatis. Metabolomic analysis was complemented with thin layer chromatography and transcriptional studies. Result We demonstrated that the lack of Mce4 proteins alters the primary carbon metabolism of M. smegmatis by reducing the content of fatty acids and increasing the accumulation of two stress-related compounds, glutamate/glutamine and triacyl glycerol (TAG). We also provide evidence supporting that the accumulation of TAG in a Delta mce4 mutant depends on the bacterial redox state. Conclusion These results, together with the finding that the cell surface of the Delta mce4 mutant is significantly altered, support a role for Mce4 in maintaining the cell wall lipids architecture of M. smegmatis, which, when altered, induces a redox imbalance that results in the accumulation of the stress-related compounds.

关键词： Mycobacterium smegmatis mce4 operon Triacyl glycerol Glutamate

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THE BUNDLE-STRUCTURED ISLAND ON THE HUDSON RIVER: LITTLE ISLAND

SPACE

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SPACE 2021年第645期 98-103页

作者： Farnsworth, David Nielsen, Signe Heatherwick, Thomas Yeram, Kim Arup New York New York NY 10005 USA Arup Little Isl Project New York NY 10005 USA MNLA New York NY 10271 USA Pratt Inst Urban Design Program Brooklyn NY 11205 USA Pratt Inst Grad Architecture Program Brooklyn NY 11205 USA NYCs Publ Design Commiss New York NY USA Heatherwick Studio London England

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Efficient curation of genebanks using next generation sequencing reveals substantial duplication of germplasm accessions

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2019年第1期9卷 1-1页

作者： Singh, Narinder Wu, Shuangye Raupp, W. John Sehgal, Sunish Arora, Sanu Tiwari, Vijay Vikram, Prashant Singh, Sukhwinder Chhuneja, Parveen Gill, Bikram S. Poland, Jesse Kansas State Univ Interdept Genet Program Manhattan KS 66506 USA Kansas State Univ Dept Plant Pathol Wheat Genet Resource Ctr Throckmorton Hall Manhattan KS 66506 USA South Dakota State Univ Dept Agron Hort & Plant Sci Brookings SD 57007 USA John Innes Inst Crop Genet Norwich NR4 7UH Norfolk England Univ Maryland Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture College Pk MD 20742 USA Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT Km 45 Carretera Mexico Veracruz Edo 56130 De Mexico Mexico Punjab Agr Univ Sch Agr Biotechnol Ludhiana 141004 Punjab India

Genebanks are valuable resources for crop improvement through the acquisition, ex-situ conservation and sharing of unique germplasm among plant breeders and geneticists. With over seven million existing accessions and increasing storage demands and costs, genebanks need efficient characterization and curation to make them more accessible and usable and to reduce operating costs, so that the crop improvement community can most effectively leverage this vast resource of untapped novel genetic diversity. However, the sharing and inconsistent documentation of germplasm often results in unintentionally duplicated collections with poor characterization and many identical accessions that can be hard or impossible to identify without passport information and unmatched accession identifiers. Here we demonstrate the use of genotypic information from these accessions using a cost-effective next generation sequencing platform to find and remove duplications. We identify and characterize over 50% duplicated accessions both within and across genebank collections of Aegilops tauschii, an important wild relative of wheat and source of genetic diversity for wheat improvement. We present a pipeline to identify and remove identical accessions within and among genebanks and curate globally unique accessions. We also show how this approach can also be applied to future collection efforts to avoid the accumulation of identical material. When coordinated across global genebanks, this approach will ultimately allow for cost effective and efficient management of germplasm and better stewarding of these valuable resources.

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Waters network's potential to transform environmental engineering education

Waters network's potential to transform environmental engine...

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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Eschenbach, Elizabeth Montgomery, Jami Johnson, James Brus, Chris Carlson, Patricia Giammar, Dan Grauer, Bette Hotaling, Liesl Oguntimein, Gbekeloluwa Safferman, Steven Wentling, Tim Humboldt State University United States Department of Environmental Resources Engineering Humboldt State University United States WATERS Network - CLEANER Project Office Network Howard University United States Department of Environmental Engineering College of Engineering Architecture and Computer Sciences Howard University United States American Academy of Environmental Engineers United States University of Iowa United States Program University of Iowa United States Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology United States Department of Rhetoric Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology United States National Research Council U. S. Air Force United States NASA's Classroom of the Future Wheeling WV United States Washington University United States Department of Energy Environmental and Chemical Engineering Washington University St. Louis United States Environmental Studies Program Center for Materials Innovation United States McPherson High School United States McPherson High School McPherson KS United States Stevens Institute of Technology United States Stevens Institute of Technology United States Morgan State University United States Michigan State University United States Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Department Michigan State University United States University of Dayton United States Education Planning Committee National Center for Supercomputing Applications United States Department of Information Science Graduate School of Library and Information Science National Center for Supercomputing Applications University or Illinois United States Knowledge and Learning Systems Group NCSA United States

The WATERS Network (WATer and Environmental Research Systems Network) will be an integrated real-time distributed observing system which will enable academic and government scientists, engineers, educators, and practitioners to advance effective management of our nation's water resources by understanding human interactions with water and the natural and built environment. WATERS will provide easily accessible real time environmental data as well as analysis tools to engineers, scientists, educators, K- graduate students and policymakers so they can better understand how water quantity, quality and related components of the hydrologic cycle are impacted by natural and human influences. The WATERS strategic plan will be completed by July 2007 and requires constituent input. This paper describes the draft Conceptual Design and the Education Plan of WATERS Network. This paper will highlight the potential impact of WATERS on undergraduate and graduate environmental engineering education in order to elicit input from the environmental engineering education community on how WATERS Network could better meet the future needs of undergraduate and graduate students and educators. More information can be found at ***. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2007.

关键词： Water resources

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Commercial lighting innovations

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 225-229页

作者： Gauthier, E Green, GM Elizabeth Gauthier:graduated from Stevens Institute of Technology in 1983 with a B.E. degree. She began her employment at M. Rosenblatt & Son in Arlington Virginia in the Naval Architecture and Ship Design Department Participating in numerous naval architecture studies and managing the U.S. Coast Guard navigation lights update project. In 1989 Ms Gauthier joined the Naval Sea Systems Command as an engineer in the Human Systems Integration (HSI) Department. While managing the manpower requirements human factors and safety aspects of the AOE 6 AO 177 T-AGOS 13 and MCS 12 she was also responsible for HSI integration of the Women at Sea and Affordability Through Commonality (ATC) projects. In January 1994 she joined the Design integration Department of NSWCO. Since that time she has served as ATC assistant program manager for both habitability and hull systems. Gordon M. Green:spent eleven years in the U.S. Navy as a submarine warfare officer and engineering duty officer. He has been an engineer at Advanced Marine Enterprises a wholly owned subsidiary of Nichols Research Corporation for fifteen years and has been providing support to the Affordability Through Commonality (ATC) project for the past three years.

In our quest for finding ways to reduce the life cycle costs of Navy ships, the Affordability Through Commonality (ATC) project has investigated several commercial lighting innovations. This paper will discuss two particularly noteworthy commercial products that have been selected for further evaluation on board Navy ships: specular reflectors for fluorescent lighting fixtures and the Solar 1000 sulfur light source. Specular reflectors are designed to dramatically increase the amount of light reflected from a fluorescent fixture resulting in one or more of the following benefits: increased task lighting, reduced maintenance and consumable costs (fewer bulbs), reduced acquisition and alteration costs (fewer fixtures), and reduced energy use. Specular reflectors are sized for the specific type of fluorescent fixture and can be designed and formed to provide general or directed task lighting. They are inexpensive and can be installed easily and quickly. The Solar 1000 sulfur light source is the first in a planned family of very bright, energy-efficient, electrodeless lamps using sulfur bombarded by microwaves to produce illumination in a continuous range of wavelengths very close to sunlight. It is ideal for remote source lighting distribution systems such as light tubes and fiber optics. This innovation in lighting has been heralded by the Department of Energy as ''a revolutionary 21st century lighting system.''

关键词： Naval vessels

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The Manguinhos communities in the history of favelas in Rio de Janeiro

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TEMPO-NITEROI 2013年第34期19卷 117-133页

作者： Fernandes, Tania Maria Costa, Renato Gama-Rosa Univ Sao Paulo BR-05508 Sao Paulo Brazil Casa de Oswaldo Cruz Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz Rio De Janeiro Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro Architecture & Urbanism Sch Postgrad Program Urbanism BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro Brazil

This article aimed at discussing the trajectory of the Manguinhos communities, in the context of favelas in the city of Rio de Janeiro, mainly concerning housing and urban policies and occupation proceedings. The centennial history of this region reflects urban space disputes and the complexity of the favelas theme upon historical problems connected to this kind of housing, community, and locality.

关键词： history favelas Manguinhos Rio de Janeiro

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