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Effect of forest fires on housing prices: Case study from Pohang City, South Korea

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 2025年 116卷

作者： Kim, Haeryung Yoon, Heeyeun Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture 1 Gwanak Ro Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Res Inst Agr & Life Sci Coll Agr & Life Sci Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn 1 Gwanak Ro Seoul 08826 South Korea

Urban forest fires have become a global concern, severely impacting human lives, property, and the environment. Pohang City in South Korea experienced its first urban forest fire on March 9-10, 2013, significantly damaging residential areas due to the city's expansion into mountainous regions. This study uses a Regression Discontinuity Design to analyze the effects of the fire on housing prices in Pohang. The results show a notable price decline near the fire-damaged areas, with a 16.5 % drop within the 50-m zone and a 6.9 % decrease within the 400-m zone. The negative impact persists, with a 6 % reduction within the 1000-m zone after a two-month lag. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of urban forest fires in real estate markets. The study offers valuable insights into the complex relationship between urban forest fires and housing prices, providing guidance for disaster preparedness, risk mitigation, and recovery efforts.

关键词： Climate change Regression discontinuity design (RDD) Urban area Spatial analysis Disaster's economic impact

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Exploring Uncharted Territories in a Vertical Greening System: A Systematic Literature Review of Design, Performance, and Technological Innovations for Urban Sustainability

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BUILDINGS 2025年第7期15卷 1102-1102页

作者： Alkadri, Miktha Farid Yuliana, Muthiah Hakim Hadini, Muthiah Hakim Jonatan, Stefanie Aylien Yolanda, Aprilia Desiana, Putri Alifia Sa'diah, Nur Fitriatus Susanto, Dalhar Istiani, Noor Fajrina Farah Suryanegara, Muhammad Univ Indonesia Fac Engn Dept Architecture Res Cluster Architectural Sci & Bldg Technol ASBT Depok 16424 Indonesia Univ Pancasila Dept Architecture Jl Lenteng Agung Raya 56 RT 1-RW 3 South Jakarta City 12640 Jakarta Indonesia Univ Indonesia Dept Elect Engn Grad Program Telecommun Management Depok 16424 Indonesia

Urban areas face escalating environmental and social challenges, including rising temperatures, air pollution, limited green spaces, and noise pollution, driven by rapid urbanization and energy-intensive systems. Vertical greening systems (VGS) have emerged as a promising passive design strategy to mitigate these issues by enhancing thermal regulation, air quality, biodiversity, and psychological well-being. However, existing research on VGS remains fragmented, often addressing isolated aspects rather than adopting a holistic approach that integrates design, fabrication, implementation, and long-term performance monitoring. This study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) to comprehensively analyze technological advancements in simulation, fabrication, and maintenance within VGS research. Key research gaps identified include the lack of an integrated design-simulation-optimization workflow, limiting the ability to improve VGS performance efficiently. By synthesizing current knowledge and proposing future research directions, this review aims to advance VGS as a scalable and adaptable solution for urban challenges, optimizing its functionality, sustainability, and overall effectiveness in improving urban livability.

关键词： vertical greening systems (VGS) simulation fabrication technology

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'THEY SUPPRESSED OUR RIGHTS WITH CONCRETE': Politics of Exclusion and (Im)permanence in Rohingya Refugee Camps in Bangladesh

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL RESEARCH 2025年第2期49卷 393-411页

作者： Bashar, Samira Binte Sletto, Bjorn Univ Texas Austin Sch Architecture Community & Reg Planning Program 310 Inner Campus Dr B7500 Austin TX 78712 USA

By framing the displacement of people fleeing war, persecution and violence as a short-term problem, refugee camps have emerged to offer temporary accommodations and services to displaced refugees. In Bangladesh, refugee camps were built in Cox's Bazar and Bhasan Char in recent years to house Rohingya refugees escaping from state-sponsored persecution by Myanmar. Constructed in two very different geographic contexts-mainland and island-yet intended to address the same refugee problem, the two camps reveal different built environments intended to instill different feelings of permanence and impermanence to affect control over refugees' lives. We argue that planning and design thus serve as strategic biopolitical instruments by controlling and perpetually redefining the production and manifestation of (im)permanence in both sensual and tactile terms. The geographic locations of the refugee camps vis-& agrave;-vis their distance from the host country population function as an important driver of planning decisions. However, as these cases demonstrate, the biopolitics of exclusion are inherently incomplete, transforming camps into emerging, negotiated, and fluid campscapes. By providing a comparative analysis of the biotechnology of exclusion through the politics of (im)permanence in mainland versus island settings, we contribute to the understanding of the role of planning in reproducing spatial boundaries for social control.

关键词： refugee camp planning mainland vs island exclusion impermanence biopolitics Rohingya Bangladesh

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Interaction Parameters of Some Polymers Used in Nuclear Power Plants with Ionizing Radiation, Produced Secondary Radiations and Radiation Damages

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MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING 2025年第3期310卷

作者： Akman, Ferdi Ogul, Hasan Bingol Univ Vocat Sch Social Sci Dept Property protect & Secur Program Occupat Hlth & Safety TR-12000 Bingol Turkiye Sinop Univ Fac Engn & Architecture Dept Nucl Engn TR-57000 Sinop Turkiye

The primary interactions of polypropylene (PP), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVA), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polychloroprene (CR) and polyurethane (PUR) polymers preferred in the nuclear industry with gamma and neutron radiations, secondary radiations formed after neutron interactions and damages given to polymers by these ionizing radiations are investigated. The gamma interaction parameters Were determined in the photon energy range of 0.03-20 MeV using WinXCOM, GEANT4 and FLUKA methods. Also, energy absorption and exposure buildup factors and Kerma parameters are calculated at different photon energies. To investigate the interactions of the studied polymers with neutron, the effective removal cross-section for fast neutrons with theoretical and the partial neutron rates passing through the studied polymer at 4.5 MeV, 100 eV and 0.025 eV energies are determined with simulation codes. The numbers of secondary gamma-rays and neutrons Were obtained with GEANT4. The Total Ionizing Dose and Displacements per Atom parameters are studied with the help of FLUKA simulation. It is observed that the interaction of PVC polymer with gamma radiation and PP polymer with neutron particles is higher than the others. The secondary radiation from PVC and CR is less. The PP, PVA, and EVA exhibit superior resistance to radiation damage.

关键词： neutron interaction photon interaction polymers radiation damage secondary radiation

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Uncovering the implicit dimensions of empathy in architectural design: seeing through empathy

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DESIGN CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION 2025年第2期13卷 114-137页

作者： Yanas, Elif Aktas Gul, Leman Figen Istanbul Tech Univ Grad Sch Dept Informat Architectural Design Comp Grad Program Istanbul Turkiye Ozyegin Univ Interior Architecture & Environm Design Istanbul Turkiye Istanbul Tech Univ Fac Architecture ITU Taskisla Kampusu Istanbul Turkiye

This article examines the implicit dimensions of empathy in the early architectural design process, utilizing think-aloud protocols to reveal how designers engage empathically with their creations. Grounded in early 20th-century empathy theories, phenomenological philosophy, and design cognition, we developed the 'Feeling AS' empathy framework, which identifies three core modes of empathy: (1) user, (2) space, and (3) movement. Analysis of design protocols demonstrates how empathy shapes design thinking, influences problem reframing, and uncovers spatial affordances tied to user embodiment. Empathy contributes to the design process in two key ways. First, it aids in problem identification, ideation, and a deep understanding of users' needs during the conceptual stage. Second, empathy enables designers to refine design solutions by revisiting decisions and reframing problems from the users' perspective as the process evolves. The study portrays empathy as a perceptual and reflective tool, akin to sketching, that facilitates diverse perspectives and establishes embodied connections with users and spaces. We frame this process as 'seeing through empathy,' encompassing empathic framing, spatial affordances, and embodiment. This research broadens the scope of empathy research to include spatial dimensions, emphasizing its inherent role and extending it beyond conscious strategies to become an embedded aspect of the creative process.

关键词： Empathy affordance embodiment concept generation

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Sound absorption estimation using the discrete complex image source method and array processing

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MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2025年 231卷

作者： Brandao, Eric Fonseca, William D'Andrea Mareze, Paulo Henrique Resende, Carlos Azzuz, Gabriel Pontalti, Joao Fernandez-Grande, Efren Fed Univ Santa Maria UFSM Acoust Engn Program BR-97105900 Santa Maria RS Brazil Fed Univ Santa Maria UFSM Grad Program Civil Engn BR-97105900 Santa Maria RS Brazil Fed Univ Santa Maria UFSM Grad Program Architecture Urbanism & Landscaping BR-97105900 Santa Maria RS Brazil Fed Univ Santa Maria UFSM Grad Program Mech Engn BR-97105900 Santa Maria RS Brazil Univ Politecn Madrid UPM Dept Ingn Audiovisual Madrid 28040 Spain

Estimating the sound absorption of a material under realistic sound-field incidence conditions relies on accurately describing the measured data. Evidence suggests that modeling the reflection of impinging spherical waves is important, especially for compact measurement systems. This article proposes a method for estimating the sound absorption coefficient of a material sample by mapping the sound pressure, measured by a microphone array, to a distribution of monopoles, including the sound source and a series of complex image-sources. The proposed method is compared to modeling the sound field as a superposition of two sources (a monopole and an image source). The sound absorption measurement is tested with simulations of the sound field above infinite and non-locally reacting porous absorbers. The inverse problem estimations are compared to the classical plane-wave absorption coefficient and the one obtained by measuring the surface impedance when a spherical wave impinges on the absorber. Experimental analysis of two porous samples and one resonant absorber is also carried out in a laboratory. Two microphone arrays were tested with different apertures and number of sensors, and it was demonstrated that measurements are feasible even with the more compact array and for frequencies above 250 [Hz]. The discretization of the integral equation led to a more accurate reconstruction of the sound pressure and particle velocity at the sample's surface. The resulting absorption coefficient agrees with the one obtained for spherical wave incidence, indicating that including the source and several complex image-sources is an essential feature of the sound field.

关键词： Discrete complex image sources Absorption coefficient Microphone array

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Effects on Physicochemical and Microbiological Properties of Coconut Water Packaged in Silver-Based Materials

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PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE 2025年第5期38卷 393-406页

作者： Malafatti, Joao Otavio Donizette Brito, Sabrina da Costa Pereira, Vinicius Alex Cano Calisto, Italo Netto, Saad Barbar Formigoni, Carlos Eduardo Innocentini, Murilo Daniel de Mello Mitsuyuki, Milene Corso Sivieri, Katia Ferreira, Marcos David Embrapa Instrumentacao Sao Carlos SP Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ Julio Mesquita Filho Postgrad Program Food Sci & Engn Araraquara SP Brazil Univ Fed Sao Carlos Biotechnol Grad Program Sao Carlos SP Brazil Univ Sao Paulo Chem Grad Program Sao Carlos SP Brazil Univ Ribeirao Preto Postgrad Program Environm Technol Ribeirao Preto SP Brazil Univ Bath Ctr Regenerat Design & Engn Net Posit World RENEW Dept Architecture & Civil Engn Bath England

Coconut water is a fresh and popular drink that is attractive to consumers worldwide. Packaging development is essential to improve product quality, protect against microorganism contamination and preserve their physical-chemistry properties. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are excellent actives applied in studies of food packaging, exhibiting great antimicrobial activity and reinforcement properties in polymeric matrices. The current work goals are to evaluate AgNPs supported on carriers, silica (SiO2) and hydroxyapatite (Hap) in the linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) polymer obtained nanocomposite materials (LLDPE/AgNPs) to coconut water packaging. Thus, the present assay ascertained if adding these active agents in a commercial material (LLDPE) may improve coconut water's physicochemical and microbiological characteristics. The processing obtained the packaging composites at two concentrations (0.4% and 0.6%) by extrusion methodology. The pasteurized coconut water was packaged and monitored during 35 days of storage at temperatures above the recommended (7 degrees C). The physicochemical analyses of coconut water verified the maintenance of pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids content, colour, turbidity, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activities, reducing and nonreducing sugars and minerals. Microbiological analyses were performed to detect the growth of psychrotrophic, moulds and yeasts, enterobacteria and Salmonella spp. The results showed that the AgNPs supported in both particles did not affect coconut water's physical and chemical characteristics compared to the LLDPE control. Concerning microbial growth, adding particles reduced the product's microbial load. Thus, the LLDPE/AgNPs packages obtained in this work demonstrated a potential application as commercial material to coconut water that can preserve the intrinsic physicochemical and improve the microbiological quality.

关键词： antimicrobial coconut water food packaging nanocomposite silver nanoparticles

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Hydrodynamic and mixing characterization of a novel static mixer geometry: a numerical study

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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS 2025年

作者： Abou-Hweij, Walid Azizi, Fouad Amer Univ Beirut M Semaan Fac Engn & Architecture B&W Bassatne Dept Chem Engn& Adv Energy Beirut Lebanon Emirates Aviat Univ Fac Engn Aeronaut Engn Program Dubai U Arab Emirates

This study proposes two novel static mixer geometries that build on the dispersive capabilities of screen-type static mixers (STSMs) but enhance their distributive mixing performance. This is accomplished by means of rectangular inserts placed downstream of each woven mesh. Such a geometry ensures splitting the flow as well as generating additional vortices and flow perturbations necessary to promote distributive mixing. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic model was used to investigate the hydrodynamic and mixing performance of two variants of the new mixer under turbulent flow conditions, where the pipe Reynolds number was varied between 5000 and 30,000. The numerical model was validated experimentally by means of pressure drop data where a maximum relative error of +/- 9.6% was measured. Compared to an empty pipe and a conventional STSM, the results showed that the novel mixers could enhance both radial/distributive and dispersive mixing at low and high turbulence levels. These results were based on a careful analysis of both intensity of segregation as well as the extensional efficiency. This study recommends one of these variants as an alternative mixer to a screen mixer due to its superior mixing performance while maintaining acceptable pressure drop levels. The distributive mixing was measured using the coefficient of variation where homogeneity levels lower than 5% were attained, while simultaneously 10.3% of the mixer volume attained extensional efficiency values greater than 0.6.

关键词： Coefficient of variation design optimization extensional efficiency mixing pressure drop screens static mixer

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The Effect Of Openings Type On Indoor Temperature Of Naturally Ventilated Buildings In The Tropical Climate

JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2025年第8期28卷 1769-1777页

作者： Iqbal, Muhammad Atthaillah Nayan, Ahmad Indriani, Lena Univ Malikussaleh Fac Engn Architecture Program Jl Cot Teungku Nie Aceh Utara 24355 Indonesia Univ Malikussaleh Fac Engn Dept Mech Engn Jl Cot Teungku Nie Aceh Utara 24355 Indonesia

In tropical climates, the utilization of naturally ventilated buildings is proposed as a means of addressing energy efficiency and thermal comfort challenges. This is achieved by allowing airflow from the outdoors to the indoors through designated openings. Nevertheless, the impact of diverse types of openings, including inlets and outlets, on indoor temperature remains a topic of ongoing investigation. The objective of this study is to explore various window types, their ratios, and their impact on indoor temperature. Onsite measurements were conducted in a test room, encompassing variables such as inlet wind velocity, outdoor and indoor temperatures, and relative humidity. The openings were categorized into singlesided openings with various ratios and cross-ventilation type, with outlets open or closed. The result indicates that the temperature difference between the evaluated cases is insignificant. This finding suggests that indoor temperature is primarily influenced by outdoor temperature and outdoor relative humidity, with higher opening ratios correlating with increased inlet velocity and indoor temperature. In addition, cross-ventilation type is more robust than singlesided ventilation to maintain the indoor temperature daily.

关键词： Openings Type Indoor Temperature Wind Velocity Naturally Ventilated Building Tropical Climate

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Mix design strategies for 3D printable bio-based cementitious composites using rice husk particles as multifunctional aggregates

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JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 2025年 100卷

作者： Tinoco, Matheus P. Cavalcante, Tiago C. de Andrade, Luiza D. de Araujo, Olga M. O. Lopes, Ricardo Tadeu Toledo Filho, Romildo D. Reales, Oscar A. Mendoza Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro Civil Engn Program BR-21941611 Rio De Janeiro RJ Brazil Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro Fac Architecture & Urbanism BR-21941901 Rio De Janeiro RJ Brazil Univ Fed Rio De Janeiro Nucl Engn Program Nucl Instrumentat Lab BR-21941611 Rio De Janeiro RJ Brazil

This work compares two mix design strategies for 3D printable cementitious composites using rice husk particles as multifunctional aggregates. The first strategy involves directly replacing sand with rice husk while keeping the cement paste volume constant. The second strategy introduces rice husk as an extra component, thereby increasing the solids content while maintaining a constant sand-to-cement ratio. Different volume fractions of rice husk (10 %, 15 %, 20 %, and 25 %) were used. Replacing natural sand with 15 % bio-aggregates leads to a 53 % decrease in yield stress and a 62 % decrease in structuration rate, due to the lubricating effect of pre-wetted bioaggregates and a decrease in system interlock. Adding rice husk as extra component, however, increases both yield stress and structuration rate, which is related to the reduced paste volume and increase in internal friction. With 25 % rice husk, the initial yield stress increases from 1.21 kPa to 5.55 kPa, and the structuration rate increases from 26.9 Pa/min to 105.2 Pa/min. The second strategy effectively improved buildability and reduced cement consumption, making it the most suitable choice for producing printable mixtures. Mechanical tests indicate that rice husk has limited effect on anisotropy and interlayer bond adhesion. However, at higher fractions, increased porosity and particle debonding at interfaces pose new challenges for enhancing composite performance. The results highlight the potential rice husk as a multifunctional aggregate in 3D-printed cementitious composites, providing insights for the development of sustainable construction materials with optimized fresh and mechanical properties.

关键词： 3D concrete printing Bio-aggregates Water absorption Fresh properties Mechanical properties Interlayer bond adhesion X-ray microtomography

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