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2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2023

作者： Garrute, Felipe Vianna Pacheco, Ana Beatriz F. Lu, George MacHado, João Carlos Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program Coope Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho Rio de Janeiro Brazil Willian Rice University Bioscience Research Collaborative Houston United States Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program/COOPE Post-Graduation Program in Surgical Sciences Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346459

Gas vesicles (GVs), nanostructure gas-filled protein-shelled compartments, act as ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). Recent works report bioengineered GvpC, one of the shell proteins, potentializes interactions with specific molecules in tumor microenvironment. An important target of investigation is Cathepsin B (CTSB), an enzyme produced by several tumors. CTSB acts in the tumoral microenvironment to increase tumor growth and invasion. This work objective relied on bioengineering the GVs to promote the GvpC-CTSB interaction with a subsequent increase of ultrasound (US) signal backscattered. GvpC was engineered to contain a known CTSB cleavage sequence re-added in striped GV (ΔGV). Western Blot (WB) test was used to compare the GVwt (wild type) and GV∗ (GV engendered) before and after 24 hours reaction with CTSB. US images for PBS (negative control), GVtw, ΔGV, GV∗ and CTSB+GV∗, were obtained in 21MHz (5% total power) and regions-of-interest (ROIs) over the final B-mode image were determined. The WB test for GVwt resulted in mean (±SD) GvpC concentrations of 25169 (±8574) and 32873 (±9113) and GV∗ was 32487 (±6867) and 12763 (±2846), at t0 and t24, respectively. The US image gray level intensities for the ROIs related to the samples of PBS, GVwt, ΔGV, GV∗ and CTSB+GV∗ were 55.8 (±17.6), 47.4 (±16.6), 46.1 (±22.8) and 150.2 (±24), respectively. These results reveal an increase in the US signal backscattered from GV∗ after CTSV reaction. This increase is likely related to a direct GvpC degradation by CTSB, without affecting the GV∗ structure. In conclusion, high frequency US B-mode images showed the GV∗ with the potential to act as an UCA sensitive to the CTSB presence in tumoral microenvironment. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonics

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Universal nanocomposite coating with antifouling and redox capabilities for electrochemical affinity biosensing in complex biological fluids

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Nanoscale Horizons 2024年第5期9卷 843-852页

作者： Bharti, Aditya Manu Rakesh Kumar, R.K. Chuang, Cheng-Hsin Shaikh, Muhammad Omar International PhD Program for Science National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Institute of Medical Science and Technology National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei City10617 Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Healthcare Research Institutes Miaoli County350 Taiwan National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Sustainability Science and Management Program Tunghai University Taichung407224 Taiwan

Electrochemical affinity biosensors have the potential to facilitate the development of multiplexed point-of-care diagnostics in complex biological fluids. However, their commercial viability has been hindered by challenges such as electrode biofouling and the lack of inherent redox properties. To address this unmet need, we have developed a universal nanocomposite coating which is unique in its ability to not only allow oriented conjugation of the biorecognition element but also specific detection directly in complex biological fluids like serum and urine owing to its built-in antifouling and redox capabilities, thus improving suitability for point of care testing. This multifunctional coating comprises a 3D porous crosslinked bovine serum albumin matrix for oriented conjugation and antifouling properties with embedded graphene nanosheets modified with amino-ferrocene for enhanced conductivity and mediator-free biosensing. The coating showed minimal signal degradation despite prolonged exposure to 1% bovine serum albumin, artificial urine and untreated human serum for up to 30 days. To demonstrate its utility, we fabricated and tested proof-of-concept electrochemical immunosensors for bladder cancer protein biomarkers, specifically interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The practical feasibility was highlighted by the excellent sensitivity and specificity observed for IL-8 and VEGF with a limit of detection of 41 pg mL−1 and 67 pg mL−1, respectively. Consequently, this universal nanocomposite-based electrochemical biosensing platform can be extended to the point of care testing of a broad spectrum of biomarkers present in complex biological fluids, thus enabling reliable and early diagnostics. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry

关键词： Biomarkers

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Analysis of Brain Excitability After Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Brain-Computer Interface Based on Motor Imagery on a Post-stroke Patient 9th

Analysis of Brain Excitability After Transcranial Direct Cu...

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9th Latin American Congress on biomedical engineering, CLAIB 2022 and 28th Brazilian Congress on biomedical engineering, CBEB 2022

作者： Silva, Leticia Lima, Jéssica Schreider, Sheila Delisle-Rodriguez, Denis Krishnan, Sridhar Bastos-Filho, Teodiano Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo Vitoria Brazil Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo Vitoria Brazil Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neurosciences Instituto Santos Dumont Macaiba Brazil Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031494062

Stroke is a neurological syndrome that may cause severe cognitive and motor impairments for survival. Alternative rehabilitation techniques have been developed to recover lower-limb movements and gait of post-stroke patients, such as Motor Imagery (MI)-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs), Virtual Reality (VR), and robotic devices. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive technique to stimulate the brain and modulate cortical excitability. This study aims to analyze the short-term effects of tDCS compared to sham stimulation before a lower-limb MI-BCI pedaling training (through a robotic monocycle) task in a patient with subacute stroke. We studied a post-stroke patient with 2 months of ischemic stroke and right hemiparesis who was submitted to the following tasks: active pedaling, sham tDCS and MI-BCI, and tDCS and MI-BCI. We evaluated the relative power around the foot area (Cz electrode), and a significant (p-value © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Brain computer interface

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View-Invariant Object Representation in Anterior and Posterior Inferotemporal Cortex: A Machine Learning Approach

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Okamura, Jun-Ya Fukano, Daisuke Wang, Gang Information Science and Biomedical Engineering Program Graduate School of Science and Engineering Kagoshima University Kagoshima890-0065 Japan

Inferotemporal (IT) cortex is the final visual area in the ventral stream where object information is processed. Previous electrophysiological studies showed viewing angle tolerance of 30-60° of single IT cells to the objects experienced in discrimination at each of several viewing angles, and to the objects experienced in learning association of different views. IT is divided into anterior (cytoarchitectonic area TE) and posterior (TEO) parts. It was reported that single cells in area TE showed the viewing angle tolerance while those in area TEO did not. In the present study population activities were compared between cell populations in area TE and those in area TEO using machine learning algorithm. An object set consisted of four similar objects created by deforming a prototype object, and four views each separated by 30°. A population vector was created by aligning responses of the cells to each object image. A classifier was trained by support vector machine (SVM) to create a hyperplane that separated one object from the other three objects at the same viewing angles, and then tested by response vectors to the object images at different viewing angles. In area TE, dynamics of the performance evaluated by d’ showed viewing angle tolerance of 30-60° to the objects with prior experience in learning association of different views. In area TEO, populations of the cells did not show the viewing angle tolerance. Significant increase of the d’ values in area TE in the late time period for the objects with prior experience in learning association of different views may suggest view-invariance is more represented in late time period than early time period. These results suggest that viewpoint invariance is expressed more strongly in the TE region, providing new insights into the neural basis of object recognition © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Femoral Antegrade Starting Tool (FAST) for intramedullary nailing

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Journal of Medical engineering and Technology 2022年第1期46卷 46-58页

作者： Ebrahimi, Hamid Saddlemyre, Justin Robert, Normand Burns, David Yee, Albert J. M. Tomescu, Sebastian Whyne, Cari M. Holland Bone and Joint Program Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Canada Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Canada Division of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Toronto Toronto Canada

Intramedullary (IM) nailing is the standard of care for adult lower extremity long bone fracture stabilisation. Key to this procedure is obtaining the correct entry point and trajectory for initial guide pin insertion. This work presents the Femoral Antegrade Starting Tool (FAST), a surgical tool that addresses the lack of connectivity in utilising sequential 2D fluoroscopic images to achieve 3D alignment of femoral guide pin placement. The user centred design and development of FAST is introduced and the performance of this device evaluated during guide pin insertion for femoral IM nailing in a series of sawbones and cadaveric models leading to a first in human clinical cohort study. The results demonstrated the potential of FAST to improve time and consistency of the guide pin insertion for femoral IM nailing for less experienced surgeons and trainees. Overall, FAST was found to be easy to use with a high degree of clinical interest (particularly for use in large patients) and acceptance motivating continued development of this new technology. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Data visualization

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Effects of Tecartherapy on Body Tissue: A Systematic Review

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Journal of biomedical Science and engineering 2023年第10期16卷 133-148页

作者： Adriana Mitie Ida Eduardo Borba Neves Adriana Maria Wan Stadnik Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil

Electrophysical devices based on diathermy are one of the modalities used by many professionals to treat pain. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of Tecartherapy on healthy and unhealthy tissues. A systematic review of Tecartherapy technology was carried out. Articles published up to the year 2023 were investigated. The search argument used was “Capacitive-resistive electrical transfer” OR “Tecar” OR “Therapy Tecar” OR “CRET” in the BVS, Cochrane, PEDro, PubMed, IEEE Explore databases, Scielo and Web of Science. As for the main results of using Tecartherapy, there is an increase in temperature. In healthy tissues there is an increase in local blood flow, a decrease in muscle fatigue and an increase in muscle flexibility. In addition to the effects observed on healthy tissues, pain reduction and improved joint function were also observed. It was concluded that this technology has similar effects to other diathermy, but Tecartherapy proved to be safer and more comfortable. .

关键词： CRET Electrical Transfer Diathermy Capacitive-Resistive

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Ultrasonography Validation of Condylar and Pre-Condylar Distances and its Correlation with the Arthralgia Intensity Attributed to Local Arthritis

Ultrasonography Validation of Condylar and Pre-Condylar Dist...

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2024 Global Medical engineering Physics Exchanges/Pan American Health Care Exchanges, GMEPE/PAHCE 2024

作者： El-Sayed, C. Goffredo Filho, G.S. Sad, L. Tesch, R.S. Pereira, W.C.A. COPPE/Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Biomedical Engineering Program RJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Petrópolis Medical School Tmd and Orofacial Pain Department RJ Petrópolis Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350390490

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) represent a prevalent form of musculoskeletal pain observed in individuals with chronic pain. Timely and accurate diagnosis is essential for effective therapeutic interventions, with imaging examinations playing a crucial role in assessing articular structures, as outlined by the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD). Given the significance of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) evaluation in dentistry, the integration of ultrasonography (USG) into clinical practice facilitates early detection of joint pathologies. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between condylar and pre-condylar measures to determine which more accurately reflects capsular expansion associated with intra-articular effusion and the intensity of arthralgia reported by patients in the future. Measurements of condylar and pre-condylar distances were conducted in a cohort of volunteers. The Spearman correlation coefficient between condylar and pre-condylar distances was determined to be 0.36. The results suggest a statistically moderate correlation between condylar and pre-condylar measures, indicating that the latter may serve as a potentially less biased and more valid screening tool for identifying capsular expansions attributed to intra-articular inflammation and associated pain in patients with TMD. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonography

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Computer-Aided Diagnosis for Tuberculosis Classification with Water Strider Optimization Algorithm

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Computer Systems Science & engineering 2023年第8期46卷 1337-1353页

作者： José Escorcia-Gutierrez Roosvel Soto-Diaz Natasha Madera Carlos Soto Francisco Burgos-Florez Alexander Rodríguez Romany F.Mansour Department of Computational Science and Electronic Universidad de la CostaCUCBarranquilla080002Colombia Biomedical Engineering Program Universidad Simón BolívarBarranquilla080002Colombia Mechatronics Engineering Program Universidad Simón BolívarBarranquilla080002Colombia Department of Medicine Universidad del NorteBarranquilla081007Colombia Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceNew Valley UniversityEl-Kharga72511Egypt

Computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)models exploit artificial intelligence(AI)for chest X-ray(CXR)examination to identify the presence of tuberculosis(TB)and can improve the feasibility and performance of CXR for TB screening and *** the same time,CXR interpretation is a time-consuming and subjective ***,high resemblance among the radiological patterns of TB and other lung diseases can result in ***,computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)models using machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL)can be designed for screening TB *** this motivation,this article develops a Water Strider Optimization with Deep Transfer Learning Enabled Tuberculosis Classification(WSODTL-TBC)model on Chest X-rays(CXR).The presented WSODTL-TBC model aims to detect and classify TB on CXR ***,the WSODTL-TBC model undergoes image filtering techniques to discard the noise content and U-Net-based image ***,a pre-trained residual network with a two-dimensional convolutional neural network(2D-CNN)model is applied to extract feature *** addition,the WSO algorithm with long short-term memory(LSTM)model was employed for identifying and classifying TB,where the WSO algorithm is applied as a hyperparameter optimizer of the LSTM methodology,showing the novelty of the *** performance validation of the presented WSODTL-TBC model is carried out on the benchmark dataset,and the outcomes were investigated in many *** experimental development pointed out the betterment of the WSODTL-TBC model over existing algorithms.

关键词： Computer-aided diagnosis water strider optimization deep learning chest x-rays transfer learning

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Statistical Device Simulation and Machine Learning of Process Variation Effects of Vertically Stacked Gate-All-Around Si Nanosheet CFETs

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IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology 2024年 23卷 386-392页

作者： Kola, Sekhar Reddy Li, Yiming Butola, Rajat National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Biomedical Engineering Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

In this study, we report the process variation effect (PVE) including the work function fluctuation (WKF) on the DC/AC characteristic fluctuation of stacked gate-all-around silicon complementary field-effect transistors (CFETs). The PVE affects characteristic fluctuation significantly;in particular, for the variability of off-state current. Owing to the bottom channel of a fin-type, the P-FET suffers from the worst off-state current fluctuation (more than 200% variation) compared to the N-FET. The device variability induced by the WKF is marginal because of amorphous-type metal grains. As input features to an artificial neural network (ANN) model, low and high work function values, as well as parameters of PVE that have prevalent effects on CEFT transfer characteristics are further considered and modeled. The estimated values of R2-score prove that the ANN model properly grasps information from the dataset successfully;thus, it can be used to model emerging CFETs for circuit simulation. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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Retaining spatial resolution multifocal confocal fluorescence microscopy with deep learning

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Optics Express 2025年第6期33卷 12288-12303页

作者： Suresh, Surag Athippillil Vyas, Sunil Yeh, J. Andrew Luo, Yuan Institute of Nano Engineering and Microsystems National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Institute of Medical Device and Imaging National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan Program for Precision Health and Intelligent Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan YongLin Institute of Health National Taiwan University Taipei10087 Taiwan

Confocal microscopy is a standard modality for volumetric imaging of biological samples due to its high spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). However, the slow point-by-point scanning process limits its image acquisition speed. Multifocal illumination allows for faster acquisition but compromises spatial resolution. Here, we introduce a deep learning approach for multifocal confocal microscopy that achieves faster acquisition while preserving high resolution. The proposed model is based on image-to-image translation, implemented using modified U-Net, ResU-Net, and Attention U-Net architectures. The model is trained and tested on paired experimental datasets, with conventional confocal images as groundtruth and multifocal confocal images as input from various biological samples. The modified Attention U-Net significantly improves image quality and retains structural details, with higher peak SNR (32.83 dB) and structural similarity index measure (0.935) values. Additionally, spatial frequency analysis and Fourier ring correlation confirm that the Attention U-Net outperforms other models in preserving both low-frequency (>0.92 accuracy) and high-frequency information (0.90 vs. 0.83 for U-Net). Performance metrics demonstrate that our models match the quality of traditional confocal imaging, increasing imaging speed and addressing the trade-off between speed and resolution in multifocal confocal microscopy. These findings underscore the potential of combining deep learning with various confocal imaging applications. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Fluorescence microscopy

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