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Microfabricated platforms to investigate cell mechanical properties

Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2022年第1期13卷 49-58页

作者： Amir M.Esfahani Grayson Minnick Jordan Rosenbohm Haiwei Zhai Xiaowei Jin Bahareh Tajvidi Safa Justin Brooks Ruiguo Yang Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE68516USA Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE68588USA Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA Department of Bioengineering School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21205USA

Mechanical stimulation has been imposed on living cells using several *** early investigations were conducted on groups of cells,utilizing techniques such as substrate deformation and flow-induced *** investigate the properties of cells individually,many conventional techniques were utilized,such as AFM,optical traps/optical tweezers,magnetic beads,and micropipette *** specific mechanical interrogations,microelectro-mechanical systems(MEMS)have been designed to probe single cells in different interrogation *** exert loads on the cells,these devices often comprise piezo-electric driven actuators that attach directly to the cell or move a structure on which cells are *** and biaxial pullers,micropillars,and cantilever beams are examples of MEMS *** this review,the methodologies to analyze single cell activity under external loads using microfabricated devices will be *** will focus on the mechanical interrogation in three different regimes:compression,traction,and tension,and discuss different microfabricated platforms designed for these purposes.

关键词： BioMEMS Single cell Mechanical properties Microdevices

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Generation of multi-tracer PET attenuation maps using zero-shot learning

Generation of multi-tracer PET attenuation maps using zero-s...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： M. J. Cho H. S. Shim J. S. Lee Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Graduate School Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Nuclear Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea

Attenuation correction is crucial for achieving high accuracy in PET images. Unfortunately, attenuation correction cannot be performed on PET images when transmission or CT data is unavailable. In such cases, an attenuation map is obtained by utilizing additional anatomical or morphological images. In previous studies, specific models for each tracer in PET images were trained to generate attenuation maps. However, this approach is associated with two major limitations. First, computational resources are greatly increased as each tracer requires a separate network for training. Second, PET images with less commonly used tracers usually have a shortage of data, making it challenging to train a network. To address these limitations, we propose a zero-shot learning method for generating CT-derived attenuation maps (µ-CT) from MLAA-derived attenuation maps (µ-MLAA) using only 18 F-FDG images. Unlike tracer-specific methods which require a separate network for each tracer, this method utilizes a single generator network that encodes the structural features of the input image and the style of the reference µCT to generate the attenuation map. We evaluated our method using clinical brain PET/CT scan datasets of three different tracers, which are 18 F-FDG, 18 F-Florbetaben, and 18 F-FP-CIT. The proposed method which was exclusively trained on 18 F-FDG performs better than tracer-specific networks trained on the same tracer across all evaluation metrics. Moreover, the proposed method generates predictions for the tracers 18 F-Florbetaben and 18 F-FP-CIT, which were not included in the training data, that are either highly comparable or not significantly different from those produced by the tracer-specific networks trained on the corresponding tracer data. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our zero-shot learning approach in generating multi-tracer PET attenuation maps with only 18 F-FDG.

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Electronic Readout for a 100 ps CTR PET Detector with 24:1 Multiplexing Ratio of Timing Channels

Electronic Readout for a 100 ps CTR PET Detector with 24:1 M...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Shirin Pourashraf Andrea Gonzalez-Montoro Derek Innes Joshua W. Cates Craig S. Levin Department of Radiology Stanford University Stanford CA USA Applied Nuclear Physics Program Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA Departments of Radiology Bioengineering Physics and Electrical Engineering Molecular Imaging Program Stanford University Stanford CA USA

We have designed a novel electronic readout with 24:1 multiplexing ratio of the timing channels that achieves 100 ps coincidence time resolution. The detector layer units comprise 2×4 arrays of 3×3×10 mm 3 "LGSO" crystals side-coupled to 6×4 arrays of 3×3 mm 2 SiPMs. To achieve low power dissipation and scalability of this readout design, its effective area is implemented in only 13.3 mm using compact and power efficient electronic components. The measured CTR of the 24:1 multiplexed timing channels (or 8:1 LVDS signals) was 107.0 ± 3.6 ps FWHM using a 22 Na point-source and a very low timing jitter FPGA-based TDC.

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WIP: Using Stories from Traditional Culture to Teach Virtue-Based Engineering Ethics

WIP: Using Stories from Traditional Culture to Teach Virtue-...

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： Jiamin Zhang Neha Gutlapalli Olivier Truong Bryan Sutjipto Hsin-Ling Hsieh Dena K Plemmons Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California Riverside Riverside USA Computer Science and Engineering University of California Riverside Riverside USA Bioengineering University of California Riverside Riverside USA Economics Northern Michigan University Marquette USA Research Ethics Education Program University of California Riverside Riverside USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350351507

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363067

This work in progress research-to-practice paper describes research-based approaches for the development of course modules for teaching virtue-based engineering ethics in undergraduate engineering courses. Engineers play a pivotal role in society. Therefore, it is critical to train engineering students to be ethical engineers. Most of the engineering ethics training offered currently focuses on technical ethics, not focusing on the development of the whole person. Furthermore, students often show a lack of interest in current engineering ethics training and case studies often lack context. Prior research has shown that virtue-based character education offers a viable approach for more holistic engineering ethics training. A character approach to engineering ethics offers personal motivation and actionable dimensions to ethical reasoning. However, within the field of engineering ethics, currently only limited studies have been done on virtue-based character education in undergraduate engineering courses. In this study, we develop stories from traditional culture of different countries into teaching modules to help engineering students identify virtues present in the stories and make connections to engineering ethics. The teaching modules include short virtue-of-the-week stories at the beginning of class and team-based class activities for connecting virtues to ethics. We integrate the teaching of ethics with students' coursework to help them realize the importance of virtues and ethics when solving problems and working as a team in class. Preliminary findings from the pilot study in a capstone design course at a large public university in the US suggest the teaching modules help students be more aware of the connections between virtues and engineering ethics and students are engaged and interested in our approach. Our study will advance knowledge in the field of engineering ethics by investigating how stories from traditional culture help students understand engineer

关键词： Training Knowledge engineering Ethics Decision making Focusing Cognition Engineering students

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Sub-lethal pesticide exposure interferes with honey bee memory of learnt colours

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 962卷 178460页

作者： Rükün, Tuğçe Ercan, Neslim Canko, Ece Avşar, Bihter Dyer, Adrian G. Garcia, Jair E. Çakmak, İbrahim Mayack, Christopher Molecular Biology Genetics and Bioengineering Program Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabancı University Istanbul Tuzla Turkey School of Media and Communication Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Melbourne Australia Beekeeping Development-Application and Research Center Bursa Uludağ University Bursa Turkey USDA/ARS/WRRC Invasive Species and Pollinator Health Research Unit DavisCA95616 United States

Neonicotinoid pesticide use has increased around the world despite accumulating evidence of their potential detrimental sub-lethal effects on the behaviour and physiology of bees, and its contribution to the global decline in bee health. Whilst flower colour is considered as one of the most important signals for foraging honey bees (Apis mellifera), the effects of pesticides on colour vision and memory retention in a natural setting remain unknown. We trained free flying honey bee foragers by presenting artificial yellow flower feeder, to an unscented artificial flower patch with 6 different flower colours to investigate if sub-lethal levels of imidacloprid would disrupt the acquired association made between the yellow flower colour from the feeder and food reward. We found that for doses higher than 4 % of LD50 value, the foraging honey bees no longer preferentially visited the yellow flowers within the flower patch and instead, we suspect, reverted back to baseline foraging preferences, with a complete loss of the yellow preference. Our honey bee colour vision modelling indicates that discriminating the yellow colour from the rest should have been easy cognitive task. Pesticide exposure also resulted in a significant increase in Lop1, UVop, and Blop, and a decrease in CaMKII and CREB gene expression. Our results suggest that memory loss is the most plausible mechanism to explain the alteration of bee foraging colour preference. Across bees, colour vision is highly conserved and is essential for efficient pollination services. Therefore, our findings have important implications for ecosystem health and agricultural services world-wide. © 2025

关键词： Pesticide effects

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Extracellular respiration is a latent energy metabolism in Escherichia coli

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Cell 2025年第11期188卷 2907-2924.e23页

作者： Kundu, Biki Bapi Krishnan, Jayanth Szubin, Richard Patel, Arjun Palsson, Bernhard O. Zielinski, Daniel C. Ajo-Franklin, Caroline M. PhD Program in Systems Synthetic and Physical Biology Rice University Houston 77005 TX United States Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093 CA United States Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability Technical University of Denmark Kemitorvet Building 220 Kgs. Lyngby 2800 Denmark Departments of Biosciences Bioengineering Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The Rice Synthetic Biology Institute Rice University Houston 77005 TX United States

Diverse microbes utilize redox shuttles to exchange electrons with their environment through mediated extracellular electron transfer (EET), supporting anaerobic survival. Although mediated EET has been leveraged for bioelectrocatalysis for decades, fundamental questions remain about how these redox shuttles are reduced within cells and their role in cellular bioenergetics. Here, we integrate genome editing, electrochemistry, and systems biology to investigate the mechanism and bioenergetics of mediated EET in Escherichia coli, elusive for over two decades. In the absence of alternative electron sinks, the redox cycling of 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (HNQ) via the cytoplasmic nitroreductases NfsB and NfsA enables E. coli respiration on an extracellular electrode. E. coli also exhibits rapid genetic adaptation in the outer membrane porin OmpC, enhancing HNQ-mediated EET levels coupled to growth. This work demonstrates that E. coli can grow independently of classic electron transport chains and fermentation, unveiling a potentially widespread new type of anaerobic energy metabolism. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： adaptive laboratory evolution anaerobic metabolism electron shuttles extracellular electron transfer flux balance analysis iModulon analysis nitroreductases redox homeostasis

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A one-step pipetting platform for large-scale sequential drug combination assay with a network-based approach to cancer research 21

A one-step pipetting platform for large-scale sequential dru...

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21st International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2017

作者： Kim, Su Deok Song, Seo Woo Oh, Dong Yoon Lee, Yongju Kwon, Sunghoon Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9780692941836

The importance of sequential drug combinations for therapeutic benefit has been demonstrated in recent years in that it can dynamically rewire signaling networks of a cancer cell over time. However, conventional methods of finding sequential pair out of numerous sequential combinations demands laborious work and high reagent cost. Here we report a novel handling technique of chemical substances using a combination of heterogeneous encoded drug-laden microparticles(DLPs) and a plastic microwell array with a rigid-body and pillar structure for easy assembly allowing sequential screening with ease without conventional numerous pipetting. We demonstrated its capability in large-scale sequential drug screening assay with reduced assay cost and time. © 17CBMS-0001.

关键词： Diseases

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3D vascular networks co-cultured with various types of colorectal cancer cells for validation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity 24

3D vascular networks co-cultured with various types of color...

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24th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2020

作者： Choi, Hyeri Song, Jiyoung Park, Dohyun Jeon, Noo Li Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Departement of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781733419017

Given that vascular networks are essential for the delivery of nutrients and oxygen during tumor progression, tumor models composed of blood vessels have been substantially needed in in vitro studies. Therefore, we developed a tumor vasculature model using various types of colorectal cancer cells on an injection-molded microfluidic platform. This model enabled high-throughput experiments and imaging, as well as demonstrated the typical characteristics of tumor vasculature including abnormality. The functional blood vessels are expected to be further used for delivering anticancer drugs to tumor sites or elucidating cytotoxic lymphocyte infiltration. © 2020 CBMS-0001

关键词： Microfluidics

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In vivo Detection of NO using Photonic Microring Resonators

In vivo Detection of NO using Photonic Microring Resonators

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Sakib Hassan Xuan Zhao Christian C. Schreib Guillaume Duret Omid Veiseh Jacob T. Robinson Electrical & Computer Engineering Rice University Houston USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston USA Department of Bioengineering Rice University Houston USA

Here we show how photonic microring resonators enable real-time detection of Nitric Oxide (NO) in vivo, which is critical for physiological monitoring particularly during the wound healing process.

ISBN: (数字)9781957171050

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466660

Here we show how photonic microring resonators enable real-time detection of Nitric Oxide (NO) in vivo, which is critical for physiological monitoring particularly during the wound healing process.

关键词： Integrated optics In vivo Optical resonators Wounds Laser modes Lab-on-a-chip Real-time systems

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Feasibility Assessment of a 3D Radiomicroscope for Charged Particles by Monte Carlo Simulation

Feasibility Assessment of a 3D Radiomicroscope for Charged P...

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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： H. Chu J.S. Lee Interdisciplincary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National University Graduate School Seoul Republic of Korea Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science Seoul National University Graduate School Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Nuclear Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea

In this paper, we propose the new concept of 3D lensless radiomicrosope for charged particle by simulation. Applying the principle of lensless imaging and thin phosphor films as scintillator with directional guide, this imaging technique enables information of position and energy in optical pixel array. 2D autoradiograph images including this information were acquired at specific angles. Two beta emission sources are placed in different part of tissue, and these two sources are distinguished by intensity of pixels. In addition, the intensity difference between two sources discriminates as the placement of optical interface differs. Effects of directional information given by two phosphor films has also been verified by measuring of gaussian fitting curve of events on phosphor film compositions. In perspective of optical sensor application in real, fluorine-18 source activity was calculated by short video and estimated the exponential decay curve. The curve showed similar tendency with reference F-18 source. The results reveal that 3D lensless radiomicroscope method can work as another method to capture the beta emission information by utilizing simple optical source. The simulation result demonstrates that this method is practically feasible.

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