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Comparison of Hemodynamic Circulation in Pulsatile and Nonpulsatile Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Systems Using an In-Vitro Heart Model

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ASAIO Journal 2025年 2025 Apr 17页

作者： Yoo, Changyoung Jang, Hyun-Woo Kang, Seongmin Choi, Seong-Wook Interdisciplinary Program in Biohealth-Machinery Convergence Engineering Kangwon National University Chuncheon-si Korea Republic of Program of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Kangwon National University Chuncheon-si Korea Republic of

This study conducts an in-vitro experiment using a mock circulation system that mimics human circulation to assess the veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system. This study aims to compare the hemodynamic effects of centrifugal and pulsatile ECMO systems on the body using an in-vitro cardiogenic shock model. The heart model used in this study involves a contracting blood sac with inlet and outlet valves, capable of maintaining arterial pressure between 80 and 120 mm Hg while delivering a blood flow of 1.8-2 L/min, effectively replicating a cardiogenic shock model. The contraction force in the heart model was generated using a pneumatic cylinder and gradually decreased to simulate reduced cardiac function. The initial blood flow rates of both ECMO systems were maintained at 2 L/min under identical conditions for a fair comparison. Upon reducing the stroke volume of the heart to 35 ml, the ECMO system with counter-pulsation control increased the cardiac output by 10.7% and systemic circulation by 3.8% compared with the conventional ECMO system. This study demonstrates the hemodynamic benefits provided by the sustained counter-pulsation in an in-vitro weakened heart model. Pulsatile flow ECMO systems may serve as an alternative to address the limitations of continuous flow ECMO systems. © ASAIO 2025.

关键词： Heart

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Synthesis, characterization, and interfacial adhesion of titania iodine-doped nanotubes architectures on additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4 V implant

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Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 2025年第3期56卷 438-454页

作者： Taweekitikul, P. Aliyu, A.A. Decha-Umphai, D. Tantavisut, S. Khamwannah, J. Puncreobutr, C. Lohwongwatana, B. Biomedical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Trauma Unit Department of Orthopaedic Queen Savang Vadhana Memorial Hospital Chonburi20110 Thailand Biomedical Engineering Research Center Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand M3D Laboratory Advanced Materials Analysis Research Unit Department of Metallurgical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Road Wangmai Pathumwan District Bangkok10330 Thailand Biomechanics Research Center Meticuly Co. Ltd. Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Hip Fracture Research Unit Department of Orthopaedic Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Metallurgical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand CambridgeMA02139 United States

This study aimed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the adhesion strength of titania nanotubes (titania nanotubes) and iodine-doped titania nanotubes (I-titania nanotubes) architectures on the additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4 V (Ti64) implant surface. The titania nanotubes and I-titania nanotubes were synthesized through two stages of electrochemical anodization, whereby titania nanotubes are anodically fabricated through a conventional approach and then modified by replacing the ethylene glycol electrolyte with potassium iodide solution. The characterization results revealed the formation of α-Ti, β-Ti, and titanium iodide (TiI2) phases on the titania nanotubes and I-titania nanotubes surfaces. The morphology of titania nanotubes exhibits a consistent diameter, evenly distributed, well-ordered array, and densely packed nanotubular structures. Formation of a water-soluble fluoride-rich [TiF6]2 complexes in the inner titania nanotubes surface and incessant nanotube′s sidewall etching resulted in poor interfacial titania nanotubes adhesion to the titanium-substrate surface. Iodine doping on the titania nanotubes is believed to reduce the [TiF6]2 complexes accumulation and the titania nanotubes sidewall etching. This facilitates the adhesion and interfacial mechanical anchorage between the titania nanotubes and the surface of the Ti64 implant. The hardness and adhesion strength of the titania nanotubes increased by more than 50 %, due to the formation of a hard titanium iodide film at the titania nanotubes/I-titania nanotubes surfaces and interfaces. © 2025 The Author(s). Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Potassium iodide

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Cytocompatible and antibacterial Fe-, Cu- and Zn-substituted calcium hydroxyapatite materials for skin applications

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Ceramics International 2025年第9期51卷 11286-11296页

作者： Lukaviciute, L. Lukowiak, A. Stankeviciute, Z. Junka, A. Mortimer, M. Zarkov, A. Yang, J.-C. Ganceviciene, R. Kareiva, A. Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences Vilnius University Naugarduko st. 24 Vilnius03225 Lithuania Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research Polish Academy of Sciences Okolna 2 Wroclaw50422 Poland Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology Wroclaw Medical University Borowska 211A Wroclaw50556 Poland Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics Akadeemia tee 23 Tallinn12618 Estonia Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Device Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taiwan Faculty of Medicine Vilnius University M.K. Ciurlionio st. 21 Vilnius03101 Lithuania

Calcium hydroxyapatite (C10(PO4)6(OH)2;CHAp) and metal-substituted samples (Fe:CHAp, Cu:CHAp, and Zn:CHAp) were synthesized using a recently developed method. This method involved the wet precipitation of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), followed by solid-state reaction synthesis of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), and finally hydrothermal synthesis of CHAp. The effect of Fe3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ substitution on the phase purity and antimicrobial properties of CHAp are summarized in this study. Notably, it highlights the phase purity of CHAp and Zn:CHAp (in the presence of Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions, the α- and β-TCP phases have formed) as well as the antimicrobial activity of Zn:CHAp and Cu:CHAp against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. The synthesized nanosized CHAp, Fe:CHAp, Cu:CHAp, and Zn:CHAp samples were used as additives in the preparation of skin creams. In vitro biological studies of the resulting skin creams demonstrated their antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and showed a reduction in osteoblasts cells viability of in the range of 20–40 %. The addition of zinc enhances antimicrobial efficacy but reduces biocompatibility, while copper maintains both high antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility, making it more suitable for the development of medical or cosmetic materials. Dermal creams containing CHAp with copper and iron ions also show significant antimicrobial activity while preserving good cell viability. These results highlight the importance of optimizing the balance between antimicrobial effectiveness and biocompatibility in these materials. © 2024

关键词： Biocompatibility

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Unique properties of proximal and distal colon reflect distinct motor functions

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American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2025年第4期328卷 G448-G454页

作者： Morales-Soto, Wilmarie Smith-Edwards, Kristen M. Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo Clinic Rochester MN United States Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN United States Enteric Neurosciences Program Mayo Clinic Rochester MN United States

The gastrointestinal tract is made up of specialized organs that work in tandem to facilitate digestion. The colon regulates the final steps in this process where complex motor patterns in proximal regions facilitate the formation of fecal pellets that are propelled along the distal colon via self-sustaining neural peristalsis and temporarily stored before defecation. Historically, our understanding of colonic motility has focused primarily on distal regions, and the intrinsic reflex circuits of the enteric nervous system involved in neural peristalsis have been defined, but we do not yet have a clear grasp on the mechanisms orchestrating motor function in proximal regions. New approaches have brought to the forefront the unique structural, neurochemical, and functional characteristics that exist in distinct regions of the mouse and human colon. In this mini-review, we highlight key differences along the proximal-distal colonic axis and discuss how these differences relate to region-specific motor function. Copyright © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： colon migrating motor complexes enteric nervous system gastrointestinal motility interstitial cells of Cajal smooth muscle

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Understanding age-related middle ear properties and basilar membrane damage in hearing loss: A finite element analysis and retrospective cohort study

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Computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 184卷 109376-109376页

作者： Shih, Tzu-Ching Yu, You-Cheng Wang, Tang-Chuan Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung404328 Taiwan The PhD Program for Medical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science College of Biomedical Engineering China Medical University Taichung404328 Taiwan Master Program for Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering China Medical University Taichung404328 Taiwan Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital Zhubei City Hsinchu302056 Taiwan

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is primarily attributed to inner-ear factors, yet the role of age-related middle ear characteristics remains elusive. Employing a finite element (FE) model, we conducted a comparative analysis with clinical data extracted from a retrospective cohort study involving 90 younger adults (mean age = 38.1 ± 7.7) and 111 older adults (mean age = 63.8 ± 8.4). The clinical dataset encompassed air-bone gap (ABG) measurements obtained through pure-tone audiometry (PTA) at frequencies of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kHz. FE results quantified the normalized stapes displacement value of the simulated form of air-bone gap (ABGSim) between the two age groups. The Mann-Whitney U test, with a significance threshold set at P © 2024

关键词： Bone

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View-Invariant Object Representation in Anterior and Posterior Inferotemporal Cortex: A Machine Learning Approach

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Okamura, Jun-Ya Fukano, Daisuke Wang, Gang Information Science and Biomedical Engineering Program Graduate School of Science and Engineering Kagoshima University Kagoshima890-0065 Japan

Inferotemporal (IT) cortex is the final visual area in the ventral stream where object information is processed. Previous electrophysiological studies showed viewing angle tolerance of 30-60° of single IT cells to the objects experienced in discrimination at each of several viewing angles, and to the objects experienced in learning association of different views. IT is divided into anterior (cytoarchitectonic area TE) and posterior (TEO) parts. It was reported that single cells in area TE showed the viewing angle tolerance while those in area TEO did not. In the present study population activities were compared between cell populations in area TE and those in area TEO using machine learning algorithm. An object set consisted of four similar objects created by deforming a prototype object, and four views each separated by 30°. A population vector was created by aligning responses of the cells to each object image. A classifier was trained by support vector machine (SVM) to create a hyperplane that separated one object from the other three objects at the same viewing angles, and then tested by response vectors to the object images at different viewing angles. In area TE, dynamics of the performance evaluated by d’ showed viewing angle tolerance of 30-60° to the objects with prior experience in learning association of different views. In area TEO, populations of the cells did not show the viewing angle tolerance. Significant increase of the d’ values in area TE in the late time period for the objects with prior experience in learning association of different views may suggest view-invariance is more represented in late time period than early time period. These results suggest that viewpoint invariance is expressed more strongly in the TE region, providing new insights into the neural basis of object recognition © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Retaining spatial resolution multifocal confocal fluorescence microscopy with deep learning

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Optics Express 2025年第6期33卷 12288-12303页

作者： Suresh, Surag Athippillil Vyas, Sunil Yeh, J. Andrew Luo, Yuan Institute of Nano Engineering and Microsystems National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Institute of Medical Device and Imaging National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan Program for Precision Health and Intelligent Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan YongLin Institute of Health National Taiwan University Taipei10087 Taiwan

Confocal microscopy is a standard modality for volumetric imaging of biological samples due to its high spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). However, the slow point-by-point scanning process limits its image acquisition speed. Multifocal illumination allows for faster acquisition but compromises spatial resolution. Here, we introduce a deep learning approach for multifocal confocal microscopy that achieves faster acquisition while preserving high resolution. The proposed model is based on image-to-image translation, implemented using modified U-Net, ResU-Net, and Attention U-Net architectures. The model is trained and tested on paired experimental datasets, with conventional confocal images as groundtruth and multifocal confocal images as input from various biological samples. The modified Attention U-Net significantly improves image quality and retains structural details, with higher peak SNR (32.83 dB) and structural similarity index measure (0.935) values. Additionally, spatial frequency analysis and Fourier ring correlation confirm that the Attention U-Net outperforms other models in preserving both low-frequency (>0.92 accuracy) and high-frequency information (0.90 vs. 0.83 for U-Net). Performance metrics demonstrate that our models match the quality of traditional confocal imaging, increasing imaging speed and addressing the trade-off between speed and resolution in multifocal confocal microscopy. These findings underscore the potential of combining deep learning with various confocal imaging applications. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Fluorescence microscopy

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Generalize or Specialize? The Effect of Coil Combining in Deep Learning Based MR Image Reconstruction

Generalize or Specialize? The Effect of Coil Combining in De...

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IEEE International Symposium on biomedical Imaging

作者： Natalia Dubljevic Richard Frayne Roberto Souza Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada Seaman Family MR Research Centre Foothills Medical Centre Calgary AB Canada Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Radiology Clinical Neurosciences Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Electrical and Software Engineering Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331520526

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520533

With the advent of deep-learning based MR image reconstruction, new questions are raised regarding best design choices. In particular, when using recent reconstruction models that have been developed for processing multi-channel MR data. A fundamental question is whether to first combine channels to improve model generalizability (i.e., a “coil-combined” approach) or to keep channel processing separate to fully utilize multi-channel information (i.e., an “all-coil” approach). In this work, we compare three popular architectures using coil-combined and all-coil styles on brain MR images. All-coil styles improved in-distribution performance, such as when reconstructing only presumed healthy individu-als. Coil-combined designs better generalized to unseen data from patients with pathology.

关键词： Deep learning Coils Pathology Codes Magnetic resonance Brain modeling Data models Image reconstruction biomedical imaging

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PGLYRP1 protein as a novel mediator of cellular dialogue in neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1993-1994页

作者： Anup Bhusal Won-Ha Lee Kyoungho Suk Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program Department of Biomedical ScienceSchool of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea School of Life Sciences BK21 plus KNU Creative BioResearch GroupKyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Brain Science and Engineering Institute Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea

Neuroinflammation has been identified as a crucial element in several neurological disorders. Glial cells play a critical role in directing neuroinflammation, both in deleterious and beneficial ways.

关键词： inflammation considerably

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Injectable Platelet Lysate–Thai Silk Fibroin Hydrogel for Canine Intervertebral Disc Repair: A Minimally Invasive Strategy for Sustained Growth Factor Release

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Ratanavaraporn, Juthamas Chayatup, Kannika Boonkruephan, Sarinthorn Keeratihattayakorn, Saran Wangdee, Chalika Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Biomedical Engineering Research Center Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Research Unit Chulalongkorn University Bangkok10330 Thailand Department of Veterinary Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand

Canine intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a progressive spinal disorder that compromises mobility, induces chronic pain, and reduces quality of life. Existing treatments provide only symptomatic relief and do not halt disease progression or restore disc integrity. This study aims to develop and characterize an injectable platelet lysate–Thai silk fibroin (PL–TSF) hydrogel as a minimally invasive platform for localized and sustained growth factor delivery in canine IVDD treatment. The hydrogel was formulated using PL from expired canine platelet concentrates and TSF extracted from cocoons of Thai-bred Bombyx mori silkworms. Fabricated via sonication-induced gelation, it exhibited tunable gelation kinetics and injectability through a 27-gauge spinal needle, supporting clinical feasibility for minimally invasive delivery. PL incorporation enhanced the hydrogel’s elasticity and mechanical resilience without compromising scaffold integrity. The system demonstrated biphasic degradation over 35 days. TGF-β1 release kinetics exhibited an initial burst followed by sustained release over 28 days, consistent with diffusion-controlled delivery suitable for IVD repair. Cytotoxicity testing confirmed good biocompatibility and supported the viability of canine chondrocytes. By combining mechanical support with prolonged growth factor availability, PL–TSF hydrogels address key limitations of conventional platelet-based therapies and represent a promising strategy for early-stage IVDD intervention. Further in vivo studies are warranted to confirm long-term regenerative efficacy and facilitate clinical translation in veterinary medicine. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gelation

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