This study designs a UAV -assisted system integrated with AI image recognition technology to alleviate the difficulty for operators in stabilizing the UAV and accurately administering vaccines. The system uses thermal...
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High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological *** non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter ***,we report opticallygenerated foc...
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High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological *** non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter ***,we report opticallygenerated focused ultrasound(OFUS)for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh *** is generated by a soft optoacoustic pad(SOAP)fabricated through embedding candle soot nanoparticles in a curved polydimethylsiloxane *** generates a transcranial ultrasound focus at 15 MHz with an ultrahigh lateral resolution of 83μm,which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional transcranial-focused ultrasound(tFUS).Here,we show effective OFUS neurostimulation in vitro with a single ultrasound *** demonstrate submillimeter transcranial stimulation of the mouse motor cortex in *** acoustic energy of 0.6 mJ/cm?,four orders of magnitude less than that of tFUS,is suffcient for successful OFUS *** offers new capabilities for neuroscience studies and disease treatments by delivering a focus with ultrahigh precision noninvasively.
A volatile organic compound (VOCs) classification system is developed for non-invasive biomarker screening tests. The developed system utilizes a preconcentrator, which contains an absorbent material for trapping VOCs...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350381559
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350381566
A volatile organic compound (VOCs) classification system is developed for non-invasive biomarker screening tests. The developed system utilizes a preconcentrator, which contains an absorbent material for trapping VOCs at low temperatures and thermally desorbing at specific elevated temperatures. This system is especially useful for detection of odor mixture at low concentration and target VOCs biomarkers in the odor sample can also be measured with enhanced selectivity. All sensing processes, including a PID temperature controller for heating preconcentrator, odor sensor interface, and solenoid valve control, are performed using only a single embedded microcontroller. An odor mixture with low concentration is measured and classified in order to investigate the developed system. The result of the experiment and the principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the system with the preconcentrator can measure the VOCs mixture of odor sample in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. This system prototype is useful for screening tests of exhaled breath biomarker.
Astrocytes are functionally dynamic cells that support neurons in multiple ways throughout an organism’s *** astrocytic regulation of neuronal activity has been increasingly recognized in recent *** are now recognize...
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Astrocytes are functionally dynamic cells that support neurons in multiple ways throughout an organism’s *** astrocytic regulation of neuronal activity has been increasingly recognized in recent *** are now recognized as playing a more complex role than mere bystanders in the central nervous ***,their role in regulating the sleep neurocircuitry is not well *** this perspective,we highlight the role of astrocytes in sleep modulation,with a particular focus on regulatory mechanisms related to the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus(VLPO)of the *** briefly discuss recent literature reporting the role of VLPO astrocytes in regulating sleep-associated behaviors.
The authors regret to report that the images for panels h (Plain PDMS) and I (MCF7-imprinted PDMS) in Fig. 3 were mistakenly taken from the same dataset, resulting in the omission of the correct image in panel h for t...
The human brain can effortlessly imagine a 3D image from only 2D images with a little expertise and imagination, but for machines, this is not a trivial task. Because of this, reconstructing 3D images from 2D ones is ...
The human brain can effortlessly imagine a 3D image from only 2D images with a little expertise and imagination, but for machines, this is not a trivial task. Because of this, reconstructing 3D images from 2D ones is a hot topic and has many applications. In this paper, we propose a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based approach that generates CT-like images using pairs of orthogonal X-ray projections taken from different angles. In this work, a variety of orthogonal pairs from different angles, ranging from 0°&90° to 60°&150°, were considered as input to the 3D image generation model. The effectiveness of the proposed method was assessed by measuring the Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), which resulted in values of 0.641 and 29.21, respectively. Furthermore, the model's ability to capture the respiratory motion in the input projections and reflect it in the generated images was also assessed. This work demonstrated the feasibility of generating CT-like images from X-ray projections captured from different orthogonal angles taking into consideration the respiratory motion exhibited in these projections.
We demonstrate in situ control of the elastic wave polarization in a surface acoustic wave (SAW). It allows us to create highly reconfigurable SAW microfluidics that can be switched on demand between the acoustohydrod...
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We demonstrate in situ control of the elastic wave polarization in a surface acoustic wave (SAW). It allows us to create highly reconfigurable SAW microfluidics that can be switched on demand between the acoustohydrodynamic (AHD) regime and electrohydrodynamic (EHD) regime for manipulating particles and cells. The control of wave polarization comes from our experimental and theoretical identification of an unexpected shear-horizontal (SH) wave mode in a conventional Rayleigh (R) wave design, which is stereotyped to excite only vertically polarized Rayleigh SAWs. The SH wave mode is predominantly horizontally polarized and can be selectively excited to propagate in the same direction as the Rayleigh SAW. Such a selective wave generation between the SH mode and R mode allows for reconfiguration between AHD and EHD regimes that leads to unprecedented colloidal patterns and assembly dynamics. Such a reconfiguration of the particle manipulation mechanism can be explained by the controllable competition or synergism between the coexisting acoustic and electric fields. Remarkably, in the EHD regime, a virtual zero-boundary electric quadrupole is created, and a novel colloidal diamond-shaped assembly is observed in this piezoelectric-quadrupole trap, which was rarely reported in acoustic or electric microfluidics. The presented in situ control of polarization revolutionizes our understanding of SAW and acoustofluidics, expands its potential by assuming the advantages of AHD and EHD on demand, and inspires new strategies in micro- and nanoscale manufacturing and manipulation, with applications beyond fundamental scientific interest.
For optical coherence tomography (OCT) on photonic chips, we designed and validated optimized silicon nitride-based passive components for photonic integrated circuits. Centered at 850 nm, these components offer high ...
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Main text The disruption of protein folding homeostasis in motoneurons(MNs)and the accumulation of protein aggregates are some of the main molecular hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).Evidence from sporad...
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Main text The disruption of protein folding homeostasis in motoneurons(MNs)and the accumulation of protein aggregates are some of the main molecular hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).Evidence from sporadic and familial ALS(fALS)patients and from ALS models suggests that protein aggregation directly participates in *** turn,the loss of MN homeostasis triggers a coping mechanism,the integrated stress response(ISR)[1].The ISR is initiated by four independent stress-sensing kinases,each of them activated by distinct stresses:protein kinase R(PKR)by double-strand RNA,protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)by protein misfolding at the endoplasmic reticulum(ER),general control nonderepressible 2(GCN2)by nutrient starvation,and heme-regulated inhibitor(HRI)by heme deprivation.
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