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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： P.J. Basser A.J. Grodzinsky Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation Program NCRR NIH Bethesda MD USA Departments of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science and Mechanical Engineering MIT Continuum Electromechanics Group Cambridge MA USA

The authors characterize electrostatic and other polymer-polymer interactions within an ultracentrifuge cell using a new electrochemical transport model. Applying conservation of mass and momentum of solutes and solvent, and Maxwell's equations valid in the electroquasistatic limit, together with initial and boundary conditions on solute (and electrolyte) distribution, the authors predict the transient (nonequilibrium) and equilibrium solute (and electrolyte) distributions, net charge density, electric field, and electrostatic potential profiles. This model represents a significant advance ever the Lamm equation (and its extensions) (H. Fujita, 1962), which describe polymer-polymer interactions phenomenologically (using empirical virial coefficients) (L.W. Nichol et al., 1967).< >

关键词： Electrostatics Polymers Solvents Maxwell equations Boundary conditions Partial differential equations Force measurement Angular velocity Erbium Differential equations

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Bicomponent vascular grafts consisting of synthetic absorbable fibers: Part II: In vivo healing response

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Journal of Investigative Surgery 1994年第3期7卷 195-211页

作者： Yu, Tarng-Jenn Ho, Donald M. Chu, C.C. Section of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery Veterans General Hospitals-Taipei Institute of Biomedical Engineering Yang-Ming Medical College Shih-Pai Taipei Taiwan Department of Pathology Veterans General Hospitals-Taipei Shih-Pai Taipei Taiwan Department of Textiles and Apparel Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Fiber and Polymer Science Program Department of Textiles and Apparel Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853-4401 United States

The objectives of this research were (I) to determine whether the use of partially absorbable vascular grafts would improve their nonthrombogenic performance and whether they are more prone to aneurysmal dilation and subsequent failure in vivo. and (2) to find out the relationships, if any. between these in vivo and the previously reported in vitro data with an emphasis on how the in vitro changes in fabric structure and properties related to these in vivo data. Bicomponent vascular fabrics were made from Dacron and polyglycolic acid (PGA) yarns with a range of composition ratios of the PGA to Dacron. Both woven and single Jersey knit fabrics were made, and implanted in dogs for 4 months. The following findings and relationships were obtained. (1) The bicomponent vascular fabrics resulted in a full-wall healing in the thoracic aorta of dogs. All bicomponent vascular grafts in survived dogs exhibited 100% patency, no thrombus or aneurysmal formation, no hematoma or seroma around the grafts, and no fibrin coagula in the inner capsules. The gross morphology of the regenerated tissues was very similar visually to the adjacent original arterial tissue. Histologically, the luminal surface was lined with a layer of endothelial cells with myofibroblasts, fibroblasts. and collagens underneath. (2) The extent of the full-wall healing depended on the type of fabric structure. the concentration of absorbable yarns, the location of absorbable yarns (for the woven group only), and initial water permeability. It is believed that the concentration effect was related to the level of macrophage activation from the degradation products of the absorbable yarns, while the location effect was attributed to the various types of fabric structure change on the degradation of the absorbable yarns. (3) In general, the knitted group (K), was better than the woven group (W). K3 showed the best in vivo performance in the knitted group. (4) In the woven group, W3 was the best. The incorporation o

关键词： Absorbable fibers Animal implantation Biodegradation Endothelial cell lining Synthetic vascular grafts Tissue ingrowth

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A new phenomenological model of coronary autoregulation 14

A new phenomenological model of coronary autoregulation

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14th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS 1992

作者： Platt-Naim, Karen L. Barnea, Ofer Moore, Thomas W. Jaron, Dov Biomedical Engineering and Science Institute Drexel University United States Biomedical Engineering Program Tel Aviv University Israel

ISBN: (纸本)0780307852

The lumped, seven-segment canine epicardial coronary model presented here is an initial step in evolving a phenomenological approach to simulating coronary autoregulation. Each vessel segment in the model is represented by a cylindrical compliant tube. The coronary model is coupled to a time-varying elastance model of the LV. Coronary flow is controlled on the basis of computed values for myocardial oxygen consumption. Changes in flow are accomplished by modification of the compliance of the small arterial and arteriolar vessel segments, which leads to changes in coronary resistance. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： Heart

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A new phenomenological model of coronary autoregulation

A new phenomenological model of coronary autoregulation

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Karen L. Platt-Naim Ofer Barnea Thomas W. Moore Dov Jaron Biomedical Engineering & Science Institute Drexel University Biomedical Engineering Program Tel-Aviv University Israel Biomedical Engineering & Science Institute Drexel University USA

关键词： Lead Mathematical model

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Erratum

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Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 1992年第7期39卷 749-749页

作者： Michèle, Saiah Alain, Borgeat Oliver, Wilder-Smith Hung, Orlando R. Hope, Charles E. Laney, Geoffrey Whynot, Sara C. Coonan, Thomas J. Malloy, David S. Patterson, S. Gelb, A. Manninen, P. Strum, D. Glosten, B. Spellman, M. J. Eger, E. I. Craen, R. A. Gelb, A. W. Murkin, J. M. Chong, K. Y. Penning, D. H. El-Behairy, H. Brien, J. F. Coh, J. W. Arellano, R. Correa, J. Fedorko, L. Liu, Z. Boylan, J. F. Sandler, A. N. Nierenberg, H. Sheiner, P. A. Greig, P. D. O’Leary, G. M. Teasdale, S. J. Glynn, M. F. X. Orser, B. A. Wang, L. -Y. MacDonald, J. F. Loomis, C. W. Arunachalam, K. D. Vyas, D. Milne, B. Gagnon, Daniel Lavoie, Josée Dupuis, Jean-Yves Miller, D. R. Martineau, R. J. Greenway, D. Olivaris, L. Hull, K. Tierney, R. N. M. Wynands, J. E. Martineau, R. St-Jean, B. Kitts, J. Miller, D. Lindsay, P. Curran, M. Allen, G. C. Crossan, M. L. Wise, Richard Donati, François Bevan, David R. Hardy, J. F. Desroches, J. Perrault, J. Carrier, M. Robitaille, D. Ansley, D. M. O’Connor, J. P. Dolman, J. Townsend, G. E. Ricci, D. Liepert, D. J. Browne, P. M. Hertz, T. Rooney, M. Yip, R. W. Code, W. Phillips, A. A. McLean, R. F. Devitt, J. H. Harrington, E. M. Byrick, R. J. Wong, P. Y. Wigglesworth, D. Kay, J. C. Sinclair, L. A. Koch, J. P. Deemar, K. A. Christakis, G. K. Belo, S. Angle, P. Cheng, D. Boylan, J. Sandler, A. Feindel, C. Carmichael, F. Boylen, P. DeLima, L. G. R. Nathan, H. J. Hynes, M. S. Bourke, M. E. Russell, G. N. Seyone, C. Chung, F. Chartrand, Daniel Roux, Lucie Dain, S. L. Smith, B. D. Webster, A. C. Wigglesworth, D. F. Rose, D. K. Caskennette, G. Mechetuk, C. Doyle, D. John DeMajo, Wilfred van den Bosch, Frank Lee, Mark McClenaghan, K. M. Mazer, C. D. Preston, R. Crosby, E. T. Kotarba, D. Dudas, H. Elliott, R. D. Enns, J. Manninen, P. H. Farrar, J. K. Huzyka, David L. Lin, L. Philip Fossey, Susan Finucane, Brendan T. Stockwell, M. Lozanoff, S. Lang, S. Hyssen, J. Campbell, D. C. Douglas, M. J. Pavy, T. J. G. Flanagan, M. L. McMorland, G. H. Bands, Colin Ffaracs, Ch. B. Lipsett, Catherine Drover, David Stafford- Department of Anesthesiology University Hospital of Geneva Genève 4 Switzerland Departments of Anaesthesia and Neurosurgery Dalhousie University and Victoria General Hospital Halifax Departments of Anaesthesia and Medicine Dalhousie University Halifax Department of Anaesthesia Victoria General Hospital Dalhousie University Halifax Department of Anaesthesia Dalhousie University and Victoria General Hospital Halifax Department of Anaesthesia University Hospital London Departments of Anesthesia at U of Pittsburgh UC San Francisco U of Chicago USA Departments of Physiology and Anaesthesia The University of Western Ontario and The John. P. Roberts Research Institute London Department of Anaesthesia and Program in Critical Care University Hospital London Department of Anaesthesia/Critical Care University Hospital University of Western Ontario London Department of Anaesthesia Queen’s University Kingston Canada Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Queen’s University Kingston Canada Department of Anaesthesia University of Toronto Toronto Departments of Anaesthesia Surgery and Haematology The Toronto Hospital Toronto The Acute Pain Research Unit Department of Anaesthesia and The Department of Psychology The Toronto Hospital (General Division) Toronto Departments of Anaesthesia and Psychology Toronto General Division The Toronto Hospital University of Toronto Toronto Departments of Anaesthesia and Behavioral Science University of Toronto Toronto The Toronto Hospital General Division University of Toronto Toronto Dept. Anaesthesia Sunnybrook Health Science Center Canada Dept. Physiology University of Toronto Toronto School of Pharmacy Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s Department of Anaesthesia Faculty of Medicine The University of British Columbia & Grace Hospital Vancouver Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke N. Fleurimont Department of Anesthesia University of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa Civic Hospital Ottawa Department of Anaesthesia

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Abstracts

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Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia 1992年第1期39卷 A3-A151页

作者： Saiah Michèle Borgeat Alain Wilder-Smith Oliver Orlando R. Hung Charles E. Hope Geoffrey Laney Sara C. Whynot Thomas J. Coonan David S. Malloy S. Patterson A. Gelb P. Manninen D. Strum B. Glosten M. J. Spellman E. I. Eger R. A. Craen A. W. Gelb J. M. Murkin K. Y. Chong D. H. Penning H. El-Behairy J. F. Brien J. W. Coh R. Arellano J. Correa L. Fedorko Z. Liu J. F. Boylan A. N. Sandler H. Nierenberg P. A. Sheiner P. D. Greig G. M. O’Leary S. J. Teasdale M. F. X. Glynn B. A. Orser L. -Y. Wang J. F. MacDonald C. W. Loomis K. D. Arunachalam D. Vyas B. Milne Daniel Gagnon Josée Lavoie Jean-Yves Dupuis D. R. Miller R. J. Martineau D. Greenway L. Olivaris K. Hull R. N. M. Tierney J. E. Wynands R. Martineau B. St-Jean J. Kitts D. Miller P. Lindsay M. Curran G. C. Allen M. L. Crossan Richard Wise François Donati David R. Bevan J. F. Hardy J. Desroches J. Perrault M. Carrier D. Robitaille D. M. Ansley J. P. O’Connor J. Dolman G. E. Townsend D. Ricci D. J. Liepert P. M. Browne T. Hertz M. Rooney R. W. Yip W. Code A. A. Phillips R. F. McLean J. H. Devitt E. M. Harrington R. J. Byrick P. Y. Wong D. Wigglesworth J. C. Kay L. A. Sinclair J. P. Koch K. A. Deemar G. K. Christakis S. Belo P. Angle D. Cheng J. Boylan A. Sandler C. Feindel F. Carmichael P. Boylen L. G. R. DeLima H. J. Nathan M. S. Hynes M. E. Bourke G. N. Russell C. Seyone F. Chung Daniel Chartrand Lucie Roux S. L. Dain B. D. Smith A. C. Webster D. F. Wigglesworth D. K. Rose G. Caskennette C. Mechetuk D. John Doyle Wilfred DeMajo Frank van den Bosch Mark Lee K. M. McClenaghan C. D. Mazer R. Preston E. T. Crosby D. Kotarba H. Dudas R. D. Elliott J. Enns P. H. Manninen J. K. Farrar David L. Huzyka L. Philip Lin Susan Fossey Brendan T. Finucane M. Stockwell S. Lozanoff S. Lang J. Hyssen D. C. Campbell M. J. Douglas T. J. G. Pavy M. L. Flanagan G. H. McMorland Colin Bands Ch. B. Ffaracs Catherine Lipsett David Drover Mark Stafford-Smith Sarah Stevens Kate Shields Michael J. MacSween J. D. McAllister P. K. Morley-Forster A. K. White M. D. Taylor H. M. Vandenberghe D. Knop Department of Anesthesiology University Hospital of Geneva Genève 4 Switzerland Departments of Anaesthesia and Neurosurgery Dalhousie University and Victoria General Hospital Halifax Departments of Anaesthesia and Medicine Dalhousie University Halifax Department of Anaesthesia Victoria General Hospital Dalhousie University Halifax Department of Anaesthesia Dalhousie University and Victoria General Hospital Halifax Department of Anaesthesia University Hospital London Departments of Anesthesia at U of Pittsburgh UC San Francisco U of Chicago USA Departments of Physiology and Anaesthesia The University of Western Ontario and The John. P. Roberts Research Institute London Department of Anaesthesia and Program in Critical Care University Hospital London Department of Anaesthesia/Critical Care University Hospital University of Western Ontario London Department of Anaesthesia Queen’s University Kingston Canada Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Queen’s University Kingston Canada Department of Anaesthesia University of Toronto Toronto Departments of Anaesthesia Surgery and Haematology The Toronto Hospital Toronto The Acute Pain Research Unit Department of Anaesthesia and The Department of Psychology The Toronto Hospital (General Division) Toronto Departments of Anaesthesia and Psychology Toronto General Division The Toronto Hospital University of Toronto Toronto Departments of Anaesthesia and Behavioral Science University of Toronto Toronto The Toronto Hospital General Division University of Toronto Toronto Dept. Anaesthesia Sunnybrook Health Science Center Canada Dept. Physiology University of Toronto Toronto School of Pharmacy Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John’s Department of Anaesthesia Faculty of Medicine The University of British Columbia & Grace Hospital Vancouver Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke N. Fleurimont Department of Anesthesia University of Ottawa Heart Institute Ottawa Civic Hospital Ottawa Department of Anaesthesia

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THE TRANSPORT OF MASS, ENERGY AND MOMENTUM IN PHYSIOLOGIC SYSTEMS

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MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING 1989年第12期12卷 1473-1485页

作者： SCHNECK, DJ Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Biomedical Engineering Program Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA 24061 U.S.A.

A generic equation is developed to define the flux, Φ, of mass, energy and momentum in physiologic systems. This equation is written in terms of the concentration, ρ , of the quantity to be transported, the force driving it, a corresponding kinematic transport coefficient, α, and the path and mobility associated with the transport process. Driving forces are expressed in terms of the gradient of some intensive property, ø, of the system, such that: Φ=−β ρα(∇ø) (2ø) 2 , where n =0 for energy, n= 1 2 for momentum and n =1 for mass; β is a nondimensional coefficient of proportionality. Values of φ and α are tabulated for various scenarios typical of transport processes occuring in physiologic systems.

关键词： biomedical engineering

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A NEW DYNAMIC CORROSION TEST FOR DENTAL MATERIALS

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DENTAL MATERIALS 1989年第6期5卷 411-414页

作者： MELETIS, EI GIBBS, CA LIAN, K Louisiana State University Materials Science Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering Department Baton Rouge LA 70803-6413 United States University of California Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group Davis CA 95616 United States

A new laboratory technique has been developed in an effort to simulate the deterioration processes occurring in dental amalgam restorations while they are exposed to attack by the oral environment and simultaneously subjected to biting forces during mastication. This combined mechanical wear and corrosion action may be one of the major contributors to the degradation of dental amalgam restorations. The technique provides the capability of varying and measuring electrochemical and mechanical parameters during a sliding-wear process in a corrosive environment. A high-copper dental amalgam was selected and tested to demonstrate the applicability of the method in evaluating and studying the effects of the combined action of wear and corrosion processes on dental materials. For the particular amalgam material tested in the present study, it was found that sliding-wear significantly lowered its corrosion potential and increased corrosion rates by at least one order of magnitude.

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Simulation and optimization of intra-aortic balloon pumping

Simulation and optimization of intra-aortic balloon pumping

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Computers in Cardiology (CinC)

作者： O. Barnea B. Smith T.W. Moore D. Jaron Biomedical Engineering Program Tel-Aviv University Israel Biomedical Engineering & Science Institute Drexel University USA

The interaction between the intra-aortic balloon pump and the cardiovascular system was studied to formulate a performance index and to design an optimal control system. An optimal control algorithm was selected and adapted to operate in a constrained time-varying environment. The optimization algorithm was implemented in a microprocessor-based controller which was successfully tested in animal experiments. Model predictions were also used to design a real-time interactive computer simulation to train intra-aortic balloon pump operators.< >

关键词： Predictive models Computer simulation Optimal control Arteries Timing biomedical engineering Cardiovascular system Performance analysis Microprocessors Animals

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Biological image understanding

Biological image understanding

引用

Medical Imaging III: Image Processing 1989

作者： Dunn, Stanley M. Department of Biomedical Engineering Rutgers University P.O. Box 909 PiscatawayNJ08855-0909 United States Laboratory for Computer Science Research Rutgers University Diagnostics Systems Program New Jersey Dental School NewarkNJ United States

The primary goal of any computer vision system is to construct scene descriptions similar to those formed by the human visual system. Biological image understanding is the automatic processing and interpretation of imagery of natural structures. The key constraint is the absence of explicit models of the objects anticipated to be in the scene. A clinician interprets imagery using principles of physiology and the image acquisition process. He learns to construct explicit models to recognize patterns from these principles, but is also able to infer an interpretation of an unknown structure from examples and physiology. Our overall goal is to develop a computer vision system to be used to interpret imagery of biological data using these principles. In this paper we present a paradigm for constructing image understanding systems designed to process natural images and present some applications of the system to hematology and radiography. The first step of our general approach is data acquisition. The second step is to find intrinsic properties at each pixel. The third step is to group pixels together to for homogeneous regions using the intrinsic properties. The final step is object recognition, where object type and location are determined from the quantitative features of the homogeneous regions. We shall outline the algorithms and data structures used at each step in the process, and their implementation. We shall describe in detail a key feature of this paradigm - forming homogeneous regions by geometry guided segmentation. The fact that classical algorithms do not always yield correct results led us to an algorithm that uses structural information and intensity values to group homogeneous regions. We shall illustrate this problem and the solution, as well as preliminary results of the application of the image understanding system. © 1989 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Physiology

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