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arXiv 2022年

作者： Sharma, Kushagra Eskicioglu, Rasit Biomedical Engineering Program University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada Department of Computer Science University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada

The number of IoT devices in healthcare is expected to rise sharply due to increased demand since the COVID-19 pandemic. Deep learning and IoT devices are being employed to monitor body vitals and automate anomaly detection in clinical and non-clinical settings. Most of the current technology requires the transmission of raw data to a remote server, which is not efficient for resource-constrained IoT devices and embedded systems. Additionally, it is challenging to develop a machine learning model for ECG classification due to the lack of an extensive open public database. To an extent, to overcome this challenge PTB-XL dataset has been used. In this work, we have developed machine learning models to be deployed on Raspberry Pi. We present an evaluation of our TensorFlow Model with two classification classes. We also present the evaluation of the corresponding TensorFlowLiteFlatBuffers to demonstrate their minimal run-time requirements while maintaining acceptable accuracy. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Deep learning

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ATP_mCNN: Predicting ATP binding sites through pretrained language models and multi-window neural networks

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Computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 185卷 109541-109541页

作者： Le, Van-The Malik, Muhammad-Shahid Lin, Yi-Jing Liu, Yu-Chen Chang, Yan-Yun Ou, Yu-Yen Department of Computer Science and Engineering Yuan Ze University Chung-Li32003 Taiwan Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Chung-Li32003 Taiwan Department of Computer Sciences Karakoram International University Gilgit-Baltistan 15100 Pakistan

Adenosine triphosphate plays a vital role in providing energy and enabling key cellular processes through interactions with binding proteins. The increasing amount of protein sequence data necessitates computational methods for identifying binding sites. However, experimental identification of adenosine triphosphate-binding residues remains challenging. To address the challenge, we developed a multi-window convolutional neural network architecture taking pre-trained protein language model embeddings as input features. In particular, multiple parallel convolutional layers scan for motifs localized to different window sizes. Max pooling extracts salient features concatenated across windows into a final multi-scale representation for residue-level classification. On benchmark datasets, our model achieves an area under the ROC curve of 0.95, significantly improving on prior sequence-based models and outperforming convolutional neural network baselines. This demonstrates the utility of pre-trained language models and multi-window convolutional neural networks for advanced sequence-based prediction of adenosine triphosphate-binding residues. Our approach provides a promising new direction for elucidating binding mechanisms and interactions from primary structure. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Concurrent Light-Based Motor Mapping of Multiple Limbs Using Deep-Learning-Driven Pose Estimation

Concurrent Light-Based Motor Mapping of Multiple Limbs Using...

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Optics and the Brain, BRAIN 2024 - Part of Optica Biophotonics Congress: biomedical Optics

作者： Khanal, Nischal Padawer-Curry, Jonah Bice, Annie R. Bauer, Adam Q. Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States Imaging Science Program Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States

Light-based motor mapping and DeepLabCut (DLC-LBMM) were used to map cortical representations of multiple limbs concurrently in 3D. Motor representations of fine, articulated movements, and multi-limb movement traject... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171340

关键词： Mapping

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Development of Automated Detection Methods for Calculating Blood Vessel Width and Stenosis Rate in Cardiac Catheterization Imaging 24

Development of Automated Detection Methods for Calculating B...

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8th International Conference on Medical and Health Informatics, ICMHI 2024

作者： Huang, Hsien-Cheng Chang, Hsiao-Huang Ke, Xiang-Wei Chien, Ting-Ying Department of Computer Science and Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City Taiwan Cardiovascular Surgery Department Taipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei City Taiwan Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Graduate Program in Biomedical Informatics Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City Taiwan Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716874

Coronary artery disease is the most prevalent type of heart disease and has a considerable mortality rate. In diagnosing and assessing coronary artery disease, physicians must integrate a variety of clinical information and test results to evaluate the degree of coronary artery obstruction and continually learn and improve their skills in clinical practice to ensure the most accurate assessment of patients. Currently, the use of information technology to assist medical staff allows more effective and accurate analysis of symptoms. This approach not only serves as an auxiliary standard for physician diagnosis, thereby reducing the possibility of misdiagnosis, but also significantly improves patient treatment outcomes and medical quality while reducing the time burden on physicians for diagnosing patients. This study utilized image processing techniques and thinning algorithms to automate the detection of coronary artery width and, following the recommended methods of physicians in related fields, used specific vessel widths to calculate the degree of coronary artery narrowing. This provides a more accurate and efficient assessment method for evaluating the degree of vascular constriction in patients with coronary artery disease. © 2024 Copyright ACM.

关键词： Patient treatment

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Foot hemodynamics using optical tomography: A potential biomarker of peripheral arterial disease

Foot hemodynamics using optical tomography: A potential biom...

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Advances in science and engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET)

作者： Rabah M. Al Abdi Amer Zakaria Hasan Al Nashash Tasnim Zalak Nandu Goswami Vishwa Jeet Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Jordan Univ. Of Science and Tech. Irbid Jordan Dept. of Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE Master of Science in Biomedical Engineering Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE College of Medicine Mohammed Bin Rashed University of Medicine and Health Sciences Dubai UAE

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the narrowing of the arteries within the lower extremities, which inhibits blood flow to the foot. We present the use of dynamic diffuse optical tomography (DDOT) system to measure blood flow in the foot during venous and arterial occlusions. DDOT is a non-ionizing, contrast-free, and fast imaging modality. The DDOT system consists of 4 sensors, each containing four laser diodes (at wavelengths of 670, 780, 808, and 850 nm) and two silicon photodiodes. We examined 11 healthy subjects with a protocol consisting of five consecutive measurements. Biomarkers were extracted from changes in hemoglobin concentrations during the measurements. The results from a pilot study are presented in this report. The average increase in total hemoglobin was $\mathbf{17.2\pm 5.8}\ \mu \mathbf{M}$ during a measurement with 60 mmHg occlusion and $\mathbf{10.4\pm 6.7} \ \mu \mathbf{M}$ during a measurement with 180 mmHg occlusion. The biomarkers can quantify blood perfusion and oxygen consumption in the foot, and they have the potential to detect and monitor PAD.

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Improved camptothecin encapsulation and efficacy by environmentally sensitive block copolymer/chitosan/fucoidan nanoparticles for targeting lung cancer cells

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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2024年第Part2期277卷 133901页

作者： Don, Trong-Ming Hong, Yu-Ting Jheng, Pei-Ru Chuang, Er-Yuan Huang, Yi-Cheng Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tamkang University New Taipei City Taiwan College of Life Sciences Department of Food Science National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Taipei Medical University–Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Taiwan

In this study, thermo-sensitive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNP) was polymerized with pH-sensitive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to prepare a PAA-b-PNP block copolymer. Above its cloud point, the block copolymer self-assembled into nanoparticles (NPs), encapsulating the anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) in situ. Chitosan (CS) and fucoidan (Fu) further modified these NPs, forming Fu-CPT-NPs to enhance biocompatibility, drug encapsulation efficiency (EE), and loading content (LC), crucially facilitating P-selectin targeting of lung cancer cells through a drug delivery system. The EE and LC reached 82 % and 3.5 %, respectively. According to transmission electron microscope observation, these Fu-CPT-NPs had uniform spherical shapes with an average diameter of ca. 250 nm. They could maintain their stability in a pH range of 5.0–6.8. In vitro experimental results revealed that the Fu-CPT-NPs exhibited good biocompatibility and had anticancer activity after encapsulating CPT. It could deliver CPT to cancer cells by targeting P-selectin, effectively increasing cell uptake and inducing cell apoptosis. Animal study results showed that the Fu-CPT-NPs inhibited lung tumor growth by increasing tumor cell apoptosis without causing significant tissue damage related to generating reactive oxygen species in lung cancer cells. This system can effectively improve drug-delivery efficiency and treatment effects and has great potential for treating lung cancer. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Advances in transcription factor delivery: Target selection, engineering strategies, and delivery platforms

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Journal of Controlled Release 2025年 384卷 113885页

作者： Lee, Yeji Yoo, Seongkyeong Cho, Seongeon Kim, Iljin Kim, In-San KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center Biomedical Research Institute Korea Institute Science and Technology Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Department of Pharmacology and Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering Inha University College of Medicine Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication Inha University College of Medicine Incheon22212 Korea Republic of

Recent advances in delivery systems for transcription factors (TFs) have opened new therapeutic opportunities in regenerative medicine, cancer therapy, and genetic disorders. However, effective TF delivery still faces substantial obstacles, including limited cellular uptake, inefficient nuclear translocation, low cargo stability, and insufficient target specificity. Furthermore, artificial TFs have enabled targeted modulation of gene expression, further expanding their therapeutic potential. This review comprehensively discusses current progress in TF delivery methodologies, including direct TF protein delivery using cell-penetrating peptides, and extracellular vesicles, as well as TF gene delivery approaches utilizing both lipid-based nanoparticles and viral strategies. Notably, engineered nanoparticles have emerged as promising platforms due to their precise control over TF delivery, improved specificity, and minimized off-target effects. Despite these significant advancements, major hurdles in delivery efficiency, cargo stability, and overall safety persist. Overcoming these obstacles will be essential to accelerate the clinical translation of TF-based therapeutics for a broad spectrum of diseases. © 2024

关键词： Transcription factors

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Advances in liposomal nanotechnology: from concept to clinics

RSC Pharmaceutics

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RSC Pharmaceutics 2024年第5期1卷 928-948页

作者： Reem M. Senjab Nour AlSawaftah Waad H. Abuwatfa Ghaleb A. Husseini Biomedical Engineering Program College of Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates ghusseini@aus.edu Materials Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program College of Arts and Sciences American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering College of Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates Biosciences and Bioengineering PhD Program College of Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 United Arab Emirates

Liposomes, spherical phospholipid vesicles with a unique morphology mimicking that of body cells, have emerged as versatile nanoparticles for drug delivery. Their biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, targeted delivery, and hydrophobic and hydrophilic characteristics make them stand out over traditional drug delivery systems. Liposomes can be tailored in size, composition, lamellarity, and surface charge, offering a unique level of customization for various applications. Extensive research in liposome technology has led to the development of a wide range of liposomal formulations with enhanced functionalities, such as PEGylated liposomes, ligand-targeted liposomes, and stimuli-responsive liposomes. Beyond their crucial role in cancer treatment, liposomes play a significant role in influenza, COVID-19, cancer, and hepatitis A vaccines. They are also utilized in pain management, fungal treatment, brain targeting, and topical and ocular drug delivery. This review offers insight into the types of liposomes, their composition, preparation methods, characterization methods, and clinical applications. Additionally, it discusses challenges and highlights potential future directions in liposome-based drug delivery.

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Deep Learning Driven Light-Based Motor Mapping of Multiple Limb Movements in Mice Reveals Behaviorally Relevant Movements

Deep Learning Driven Light-Based Motor Mapping of Multiple L...

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Optics and the Brain, BRAIN 2023 - Part of Optica Biophotonics Congress: Optics in the Life sciences 2023

作者： Khanal, Nischal Padawer-Curry, Jonah Schulte, Kevin Voss, Trevor Bice, Annie R. Lee, Jin-Moo Bauer, Adam Q. Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University St. Louis United States Imaging Science Program Washington University St Louis United States Department of Neurology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis United States

We demonstrate a hybrid method utilizing DeepLabCut and LBMM to concurrently localize motor representations of multiple limbs in mice. Results suggest that motor movements involving multiple limbs reside in overlappin... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171210

关键词： Algorithms Cameras Neural networks

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Assessment of the Impacts of Human Trampling on Endangered Crab Behavior and its Implications for Coastal Ecosystem Conservation

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Park, Seojeong Kim, Minju Joo, Soobin Seo, Hyein Jo, Kyeongsik Lee, Yelim Kim, Tae Won Department of Ocean Sciences Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon Korea Republic of Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon Korea Republic of

Coastal ecosystems, including tidal flats, are exposed to recreational activity-driven trampling. The fiddler crab, Austruca lactea, is currently endangered majorly due to reclamation but recreational trampling also emerged as a potential threat. To assess short-term behavioral responses of individual fiddler crabs to a single trampling and the long-term population changes under cumulative trampling, we conducted two field experiments for three semilunar tidal cycles. First, we compared the behaviors of a pair of crabs, one of whose burrow openings had undergone a single trampling event. Results revealed that trampling delayed the initiation of surface activity, reduced travel distance, and altered the behaviors of the crabs from courting or feeding to vigilance and burrow repair. Second, we constantly exerted trampling on subsets of the crab population for two trampling periods (four and two weeks) and monitored the restoration of their collective behaviors for an additional two weeks. Daily trampling decreased the degree of total surface activities and male courtship indicators, and the rhythms collapsed. After trampling cessation, only courtship indicators recovered after longer trampling treatment. These results imply that continuous coastal visitation without any regulation might aggravate A. lactea population decline in heavily used habitats. Because A. lactea is an indicator species for coastal ecosystem health, we suggest conservation of the habitat area of these crabs based on their behavioral changes caused by human trampling. Our study underscores the importance of assessing the behavioral ecology of benthic animals for tidal flat ecosystem monitoring and conservation areas establishment. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Conservation

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