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Recent Advancements in engineering Strategies for Manipulating Neural Stem Cell Behavior

Current tissue microenvironment reports 2020年第2期1卷 41-47页

作者： Brian J O'Grady Ethan S Lippmann Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Vanderbilt Brain Institute Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA. Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Stem cells are exquisitely sensitive to biophysical and biochemical cues within the native microenvironment. This review focuses on emerging strategies to manipulate neural cell behavior using these influences in three-dimensional (3D) culture systems. RECENT FINDINGS:Traditional systems for neural cell differentiation typically produce heterogeneous populations with limited diversity rather than the complex, organized tissue structures observed . Advancements in developing engineering tools to direct neural cell fates can enable new applications in basic research, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. SUMMARY:This review article highlights engineering strategies that facilitate controlled presentation of biophysical and biochemical cues to guide differentiation and impart desired phenotypes on neural cell populations. Specific highlighted examples include engineered biomaterials and microfluidic platforms for spatiotemporal control over the presentation of morphogen gradients.

关键词： biomaterial morphogen gradient neural stem cell stem cell differentiation

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Evaluating the environmental occurrence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and potential exposure risk for recreational shellfish harvesters in the Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire

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The science of the total environment 2025年 986卷 179747页

作者： Christine L Gardiner Jonathan M Petali Celia Y Chen Nathan G Giffard Sujan Fernando Thomas M Holsen Juby R Varghese Megan E Romano Kathryn A Crawford Department of Biological Sciences Dartmouth College Hanover NH USA. Environmental Health Program New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services Concord NH USA Battelle Memorial Institute Columbus OH USA. Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science Clarkson University Potsdam NY USA. Center for Air Resources Engineering and Science Clarkson University Potsdam NY USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Clarkson University Potsdam NY USA. Department of Epidemiology Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon NH USA. Environmental Studies Program Middlebury College Middlebury VT USA. Electronic address: kcrawford@middlebury.edu.

BACKGROUND:Shellfish may be an important contributor to PFAS exposure from seafood consumption. Yet, shellfish consumption patterns are distinct from other seafood varieties and PFAS exposure via shellfish consumption has not been well studied, especially among recreational harvesters who may be exposed to PFAS through direct consumption of shellfish, incidental ingestion of sediment, and dermal absorption. METHODS:Collocated surface water, sediment, and bivalve shellfish samples were collected in the Great Bay Estuary, a prominent estuary in New Hampshire, USA with multiple known PFAS sources. All media were analyzed for 27 PFAS compounds via UPLC-MS/MS. Human health risk of PFAS exposure from recreational shellfish harvesting was estimated for typical and high seafood consumers across multiple exposure routes using available health guidance values. RESULTS:PFAS were detected in all Great Bay water, sediment, and shellfish samples. PFAS concentrations varied spatially, and profiles varied by media type, with shorter chain compounds found in water and longer chain compounds found in sediment and shellfish. For adults, PFAS exposure risk from recreational shellfish harvesting was greatest from direct consumption of shellfish (>99 % of estimated daily PFAS dose), followed by dermal absorption and incidental sediment ingestion. For children, dermal absorption and incidental ingestion were also important, contributing up to 10 % of estimated daily exposure. PFAS exposure risk from consuming razor clams exceeded the reference hazard quotient of 1 for multiple compounds among the general population that consumes typical or greater amounts of seafood, and among persons of childbearing age and young children who consume high amounts of seafood. CONCLUSIONS:High frequency recreational shellfish harvesting and consumption may increase exposure to certain PFAS.

关键词： Bivalves Exposure pathways Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) Risk assessment Seafood consumption Sediment Water

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Cyclotetrabenzil Derivatives for Electrochemical Lithium-Ion Storage

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第29期135卷

作者： Jianing Meng Dr. Alexandra Robles Dr. Said Jalife Wen Ren Ye Zhang Dr. Lihong Zhao Dr. Yanliang Liang Prof. Dr. Judy I. Wu Prof. Dr. Ognjen Š. Miljanić Prof. Dr. Yan Yao Department of Chemistry University of Houston 3585 Cullen Blvd. Houston TX-77204-5003 USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Houston Houston TX-77204-4004 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston Houston TX-77204 USA Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston University of Houston Houston TX-77204 USA

Organic electrode materials could revolutionize batteries because of their high energy densities, the use of Earth-abundant elements, and structural diversity which allows fine-tuning of electrochemical properties. However, small organic molecules and intermediates formed during their redox cycling in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have high solubility in organic electrolytes, leading to rapid decay of cycling performance. We report the use of three cyclotetrabenzil octaketone macrocycles as cathode materials for LIBs. The rigid and insoluble naphthalene-based cyclotetrabenzil reversibly accepts eight electrons in a two-step process with a specific capacity of 279 mAh g −1 and a stable cycling performance with ≈65 % capacity retention after 135 cycles. DFT calculations indicate that its reduction increases both ring strain and ring rigidity, as demonstrated by computed high distortion energies, repulsive regions in NCI plots, and close [C⋅⋅⋅C] contacts between the naphthalenes. This work highlights the importance of shape-persistency and ring strain in the design of redox-active macrocycles that maintain very low solubility in various redox states.

关键词： Cyclotetrabenzil Lithium-Ion Batteries Macrocycles Multielectron Transfer Ring Strain

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Titelbild: Cyclotetrabenzil Derivatives for Electrochemical Lithium-Ion Storage (Angew. Chem. 29/2023)

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第29期135卷

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Cover Picture: Cyclotetrabenzil Derivatives for Electrochemical Lithium-Ion Storage (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 29/2023)

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Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2023年第29期62卷

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Periodicity Scoring of Time Series Encodes Dynamical Behavior of the Tumor Suppressor p53 ⁎ ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2021年第9期54卷 488-495页

作者： Caroline Moosmüller Christopher J. Tralie Mahdi Kooshkbaghi Zehor Belkhatir Maryam Pouryahya José Reyes Joseph O. Deasy Allen R. Tannenbaum Ioannis G. Kevrekidis C. Moosmüller and C. Tralie contributed equally to this work Department of Mathematics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA Department of Medical Physics Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center NY USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Ursinus College Collegeville PA USA Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University NJ USA School of Engineering and Sustainable Development De Montfort University Leicester UK Cancer Biology and Genetics Program and Computational and Systems Biology Program Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York NY 10065 USA and Department of Systems Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA Departments of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics & Statistics Stony Brook University NY USA

In this paper we analyze the dynamical behavior of the tumor suppressor protein p53, an essential player in the cellular stress response, which prevents a cell from dividing if severe DNA damage is present. When this response system is malfunctioning, e.g. due to mutations in p53, uncontrolled cell proliferation may lead to the development of cancer. Understanding the behavior of p53 is thus crucial to prevent its failing. It has been shown in various experiments that periodicity of the p53 signal is one of the main descriptors of its dynamics, and that its pulsing behavior (regular vs. spontaneous) indicates the level and type of cellular stress. In the present work, we introduce an algorithm to score the local periodicity of a given time series (such as the p53 signal), which we call Detrended Autocorrelation Periodicity Scoring (DAPS). It applies pitch detection (via autocorrelation) on sliding windows of the entire time series to describe the overall periodicity by a distribution of localized pitch scores. We apply DAPS to the p53 time series obtained from single cell experiments and establish a correlation between the periodicity scoring of a cell’s p53 signal and the number of cell division events. In particular, we show that high periodicity scoring of p53 is correlated to a low number of cell divisions and vice versa. We show similar results with a more computationally intensive state-of-the-art periodicity scoring algorithm based on topology known as Sw1PerS. This correlation has two major implications: It demonstrates that periodicity scoring of the p53 signal is a good descriptor for cellular stress, and it connects the high variability of p53 periodicity observed in cell populations to the variability in the number of cell division events.

关键词： Systems biology cellular systems time series modeling bioinformatics computational biology

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Multivalent‐Interaction‐Driven Assembly of Discrete, Flexible, and Asymmetric Supramolecular Protein Nano‐Prisms

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Angewandte Chemie 2020年第51期132卷 23444-23451页

作者： Suyeong Han Dr. Yu‐na Kim Gyunghee Jo Dr. Young Eun Kim Prof. Dr. Ho Min Kim Dr. Jeong‐Mo Choi Prof. Dr. Yongwon Jung Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Korea These authors contributed equally to this work. Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea Graduate School of Medical Science & Engineering KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea Center for Biomolecular & Cellular Structure Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34126 Korea Natural Science Research Institute KAIST Daejeon 34141 Korea Department of Chemistry Busan National University Busan 46241 Korea

Multivalent interactions between protein‐oligomer‐fused binding pairs allowed highly monodisperse assembly of two protein oligomers, where spacing between oligomers can be widely varied. Two different oligomers or three oligomers can also be discretely assembled into protein layer structures via this *** approaches to design monodisperse protein assemblies require rigid, tight, and symmetric interactions between oligomeric protein units. Herein, we introduce a new multivalent‐interaction‐driven assembly strategy that allows flexible, spaced, and asymmetric assembly between protein oligomers. We discovered that two polygonal protein oligomers (ranging from triangle to hexagon) dominantly form a discrete and stable two‐layered protein prism nanostructure via multivalent interactions between fused binding pairs. We demonstrated that protein nano‐prisms with long flexible peptide linkers (over 80 amino acids) between protein oligomer layers could be discretely formed. Oligomers with different structures could also be monodispersely assembled into two‐layered but asymmetric protein nano‐prisms. Furthermore, producing higher‐order architectures with multiple oligomer layers, for example, 3‐layered nano‐prisms or nanotubes, was also *** a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re‐organized for online delivery, but are not copy‐edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the *** note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.

关键词： multivalent interaction protein assembly protein design protein engineering protein–protein interactions

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Proteolytic processing induces a conformational switch required for antibacterial toxin delivery (vol 13, 5078, 2022)

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2022年第1期13卷 5078-5078页

作者： Bartelli, Nicholas L. Passanisi, Victor J. Michalska, Karolina Song, Kiho Nhan, Dinh Q. Zhou, Hongjun Cuthbert, Bonnie J. Stols, Lucy M. Eschenfeldt, William H. Wilson, Nicholas G. Basra, Jesse S. Cortes, Ricardo Noorsher, Zainab Gabraiel, Youssef Poonen-Honig, Isaac Seacord, Elizabeth C. Goulding, Celia W. Low, David A. Joachimiak, Andrzej Dahlquist, Frederick W. Hayes, Christopher S. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA USA Midwest Center for Structural Genomics Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA Center for Structural Genomics of Infectious Diseases University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Structural Biology Center X-ray Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program University of California Santa Barbara CA USA Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology University of California Santa Barbara CA USA Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry University of California Irvine CA USA Pharmaceutical Sciences University of California Irvine CA USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Chicago Chicago IL USA

Many Gram-negative bacteria use CdiA effector proteins to inhibit the growth of neighboring competitors. CdiA transfers its toxic CdiA-CT region into the periplasm of target cells, where it is released through proteolytic cleavage. The N-terminal cytoplasm-entry domain of the CdiA-CT then mediates translocation across the inner membrane to deliver the C-terminal toxin domain into the cytosol. Here, we show that proteolysis not only liberates the CdiA-CT for delivery, but is also required to activate the entry domain for membrane translocation. Translocation function depends on precise cleavage after a conserved VENN peptide sequence, and the processed ∆VENN entry domain exhibits distinct biophysical and thermodynamic properties. By contrast, imprecisely processed CdiA-CT fragments do not undergo this transition and fail to translocate to the cytoplasm. These findings suggest that CdiA-CT processing induces a critical structural switch that converts the entry domain into a membrane-translocation competent conformation. Contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI) is an important mechanism of bacterial competition. Here, Bartelli et al. show that proteolytic processing of a CDI toxin induces a conformational switch required for translocation into target bacteria.

关键词： Bacterial structural biology Nucleases Protein folding Bacterial toxins

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Memory seeds enable high structural phase purity in 2D perovskite films for high-efficiency devices

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Sidhik, Siraj Li, Wenbin Samani, Mohammad H.K. Zhang, Hao Wang, Yafei Hoffman, Justin Fehr, Austin K. Wong, Michael Katan, Claudine Even, Jacky Marciel, Amanda B. Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. Blancon, Jean-Christophe Mohite, Aditya D. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley‐Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Chemistry Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States UMR 6226 RennesF-35000 France Univ Rennes INSA Rennes CNRS Institut FOTON UMR 6082 RennesF-35000 France

Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites are a class of halide perovskites offering a pathway for realizing efficient and durable optoelectronic devices. However, the broad chemical phase space and lack of understanding of film formation have led to quasi-2D perovskite films with polydispersity in perovskite layer thicknesses, which have hindered devices performance and stability. Here, we demonstrate a scalable approach involving dissolution of single-phase crystalline powders with homogeneous perovskite layer thickness in desired solvents, to fabricate 2D perovskite thin-films with high phase purity. In-situ characterizations reveal the presence of sub-micron-sized seeds in solution that preserve the memory of the dissolved single-crystals and dictate the nucleation and growth of grains with identical thickness of the perovskite layers in thin-films. Photovoltaic devices fabricated with such films, yields an efficiency of 17.1% and 1.20V open-circuit voltage, while preserving 97.5% of their peak-performance after 800 hours under illumination without any external thermal management. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Nucleation

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Structural modification of carbon black for improving the dielectric performance of epoxy based composites

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Advanced Industrial and engineering Polymer Research 2018年第1期1卷 111-117页

作者： Wang, Xin Li, Zewei Chen, Zhiwu Zeng, Lanying Sun, Luyi School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Polymer Program Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT United States

To explore a feasible strategy for improving the dielectric properties of carbon black (CB)/epoxy composites, CB@TiO2 core-shell particles and CB-SiO2 hybrid particles were prepared and incorporated into epoxy. The microstructures of CB, CB@TiO2, and CB-SiO2 particles, as well as the dielectric properties of their epoxy-based composites were investigated. The results showed that the composites containing CB-SiO2 hybrid particles possessed a higher dielectric constant than the ones containing pristine CB. The dielectric constant of the composite with 20.0 vol% CB-SiO2 reached 52.68 (1 kHz), which was ca. 4 times greater than that of the one containing 20.0 vol% pristine CB. Meanwhile, the composites containing CB@TiO2 core-shell particles exhibited suppressed values of dielectric loss. The permittivity of the composite with 20.0 vol% CB@TiO2 reached 19.52 (1 kHz), while its dielectric loss remained low (0.047 at 1 kHz). These results indicated that the dielectric properties of epoxy composites could be enhanced with the introduction of modified fillers. © 2018 Kingfa SCI. & TECH. CO., LTD.

关键词： Carbon black

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