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Genetic variation of somaclonal mutants from the 8th generation of Pekalongan accession rodent tuber (typhonium flagelliforme lodd.) based on RAPD-PCR analysis 2

Genetic variation of somaclonal mutants from the 8th generat...

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2nd International Conference on Eco Engineering development 2018, ICEED 2018

作者： Purnamaningsih, Ragapadmi Sianipar, Nesti Fronika Assidqi, Khoirunnisa Spits Warnars, Harco Leslie Hendric Indonesia Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development Bogor16111 Indonesia Food Technology Department Faculty of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Research Interest Group Food Biotechnology Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

Rodent tuber is a potential plant which can be developed as an anticancer drug. The rodent tuber plant has a low anticancer compound which does not have an economic value to be utilized on an industrial scale, particularly to explore as an anticancer drug. The material plant was used 30 clones of Rodent Tuber Pekalongan to increase its bioactive compounds using a combination of in vitro culture with gamma-ray irradiation. The selection process has been done until the 8th generation and obtained 14 somaclonal mutants that have higher bioactive compounds than control plant (non-mutant). This study aimed to analyze the genetic variation of 14 somaclonal mutants of rodent tuber using RAPD with 14 primers. The results were produced 513 total bands with the size of 200-5000 bp and 380 polymorphic bands between somaclonal mutants. OPB-18 primer produced the most polymorphic bands and five specific polymorphic bands of 1336 bp, 1070 bp, 901 bp, 861 bp and 728 bp in the somaclonal mutant M23 (20-4-2-1-1-1). OPD-20 primer produced seven specific polymorphic bands of 1574 bp, 1557 bp, 1501 bp, 1496 bp, 1234 bp, 1229 bp and 1086 bp in the M23 somaclonal mutant. The phylogenetic analysis showed that there were two main groups with the coefficient similarity between 0.77 and 0.83. The highest genetic variation obtained was found in the M23 somaclonal mutant with a genetic difference of 23% compared with control. There are five somaclonal mutants (M24, M22, M21, M16, M14) that have a genetic variation of up to 22% over the control. This study shows that OPB-18 and OPD-20 primers were efficient in detecting somaclonal mutant variants. © 2018 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gamma rays

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The response of local rice varieties with intermittent irrigation with microclimate factors

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期637卷

作者： B H Isnawan Samanhudi Supriyono Supriyadi Doctoral Program of Agricultural Sciences Graduate School Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia. Department of Agrotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia. Department of Agrotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Sebelas Maret and Center for Research and Development of Biotechnology and Biodiversity Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia Department of Agrotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia

Intermittent irrigation is a method carried out for irrigation efficiency in rice farming. This study aims to discover the effect of local rice varieties and types of irrigation and their interaction on rice microclimate factors. The study was conducted with an experimental method of factorial 3 × 4 strip plot design with a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Type of irrigation consisted of 3 levels: conventional irrigation, irrigation ten days inundated five days dry, and irrigation seven days inundated three days dry. Rice varieties comprised four groups: Rojolele, Pandan Wangi, Mentik Wangi, and Ciherang. The results showed that the Pandan Wangi rice variety with seven days of inundation in 3 dry days had higher temperatures above the canopy. During the initial vegetative, irrigation ten days inundated five days dry and seven days inundated three days dry had higher soil temperatures above the surface than conventional irrigation. When flowering, irrigation seven days inundated three days dry has a soil temperature-depth of 15 cm higher than conventional irrigation and irrigation ten days inundated five days dry. The microclimate condition was expected to be useful concerning plant physiology, pests, diseases, and rice weeds and their control.

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Cell culture-derived extracellular vesicles: Considerations for reporting cell culturing parameters

Journal of Extracellular Biology

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Journal of Extracellular Biology 2023年第10期2卷 e115页

作者： Shekari, Faezeh Alibhai, Faisal J. Baharvand, Hossein Börger, Verena Bruno, Stefania Davies, Owen Giebel, Bernd Gimona, Mario Salekdeh, Ghasem Hosseini Martin-Jaular, Lorena Mathivanan, Suresh Nelissen, Inge Nolte-’t Hoen, Esther Perut, Francesca Pluchino, Stefano Pocsfalvi, Gabriella Salomon, Carlos Soekmadji, Carolina Staubach, Simon Torrecilhas, Ana Claudia Shelke, Ganesh Vilas Tertel, Tobias Zhu, Dandan Théry, Clotilde Witwer, Kenneth Nieuwland, Rienk Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology Cell Science Research Center Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology ACECR Tehran Iran Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product Technology Development Center (ATMP-TDC) Cell Science Research Center Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology ACECR Tehran Iran University Health Network Toronto Canada Department of Developmental Biology School of Basic Sciences and Advanced Technologies in Biology University of Science and Culture Tehran Iran Institute for Transfusion Medicine University Hospital Essen University of Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany Department of Medical Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology Center University of Torino Turin Italy School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences Loughborough University Loughborough United Kingdom GMP Unit Spinal Cord Injury & Tissue Regeneration Centre Salzburg (SCI-TReCS) and Research Program “Nanovesicular Therapies” Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg Austria Faculty of Natural Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde NSW Australia Institut Curie INSERM U932 and Curie CoreTech Extracellular Vesicles PSL Research University Paris France Department of Biochemistry and Genetics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University Melbourne VIC Australia VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research) Health department Boeretang Belgium Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli Bologna Italy Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Institute of Biosciences and BioResources National Research Council Naples Italy Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group UQ Centre for Cli

Cell culture-conditioned medium (CCM) is a valuable source of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for basic scientific, therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Cell culturing parameters affect the biochemical composition, release and possibly the function of CCM-derived EVs (CCM-EV). The CCM-EV task force of the Rigor and Standardization Subcommittee of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles aims to identify relevant cell culturing parameters, describe their effects based on current knowledge, recommend reporting parameters and identify outstanding questions. While some recommendations are valid for all cell types, cell-specific recommendations may need to be established for non-mammalian sources, such as bacteria, yeast and plant cells. Current progress towards these goals is summarized in this perspective paper, along with a checklist to facilitate transparent reporting of cell culturing parameters to improve the reproducibility of CCM-EV research. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Extracellular Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.

关键词： cell culture-conditioned medium cellular therapy ectosomes exosomes extracellular vesicles in vitro reproducibility rigor standardization

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development on potential skin anti-aging agents of Cosmos caudatus Kunth via inhibition of collagenase, MMP-1 and MMP-3 activities

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Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology 2023年 110卷 154643页

作者： Yen Chi Loo Hao-Chun Hu Szu-Yin Yu Yi-Hong Tsai Michal Korinek Yang-Chang Wu Fang-Rong Chang Ying-Jung Chen Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Szeged Szeged Hungary. Institute of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy University of Szeged Szeged Hungary. Department of Pharmacy and Master Program College of Pharmacy and Health Care Tajen University Pingtung County 90741 Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine College of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung 404 Taiwan Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung 404 Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology College of Medical and Health Science Asia University Taichung 404 Taiwan. Electronic address: yachwu@kmu.edu.tw. Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan. Electronic address: aaronfrc@kmu.edu.tw. Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Sciences College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan. Electronic address: yjchen@cc.kmu.edu.tw.

BACKGROUND:Skin aging is associated with degradation of collagen by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which leads to loss of skin elasticity and formation of wrinkles. Cosmos caudatus Kunth (CC) has been traditionally claimed as an anti-aging agent in Malaysia. Despite its well-known antioxidant activity, the anti-aging properties of CC was not validated. PURPOSE:This study aimed to investigate the anti-aging potential of CC extracts and fractions, particularly their inhibition of collagenase, MMP-1 and MMP-3 activities in human dermal fibroblasts CCD-966SK, followed by isolation, identification and analysis of their bioactive constituents. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:DPPH assay was firstly used to evaluate the antioxidant activity throughout the bioactivity-guided fractionation. Cell viability was determined using MTS assay. Collagenase activity was examined, while MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression were measured using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Then, chemical identification of pure compounds isolated from CC fractions was done by using ESIMS, H and C NMR spectroscopies. HPLC analyses were carried out for bioactive fractions to quantify the major components. RESULTS:Throughout the antioxidant activity-guided fractionation, fractions CC-E2 and CC-E3 with antioxidant activity and no toxicity towards CCD-966SK cells were obtained from CC 75% ethanol partitioned layer (CC-E). Both fractions inhibited collagenase activity, MMP-1 and MMP-3 mRNA and protein expression, as well as NF-κB activation induced by TNF-α in CCD-966SK cells. 14 compounds, which mainly consists of flavonoids and their glycosides, were isolated. Quercitrin (14.79% w/w) and quercetin (11.20% w/w) were major compounds in CC-E2 and CC-E3, respectively, as quantified by HPLC. Interestingly, both fractions also inhibited the MMP-3 protein expression synergistically, compared with treatment alone. CONCLUSION:The quantified CC fractions rich in flavonoid glycosides exhibited skin anti-aging effects via the inhibit

关键词： Anti-aging Collagenase Cosmos caudatus Dermal fibroblast Flavonoid Matrix metalloproteinase

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Prevalence of coronavirus from diarrheic calves in the Republic of Korea

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第1期8卷 1-6页

作者： Jinho Park Du-Gyeong Han Su Hee Kim Jeong-Byoung Chae Joon-Seok Chae Do-Hyeon Yu Kyoung-Seong Choi College of Veterinary Medicine Chonbuk National University Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology College of Ecology and Environmental Science Kyungpook National University Animal Disease & Biosecurity Team National Institute of Animal Science Rural Development Administration Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine Seoul National University College of Veterinary Medicine Gyeongsang National University

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of bovine coronavirus(BCo V), bovine rotavirus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus in the feces of normal and diarrheic Korean native calves aged 1-81 days between April and October of 2016 in the Republic of Korea. Methods: Samples were obtained from 50 normal and 93 diarrheic(56 semi-formed, 28 loose, and 9 watery feces) calves in six different regions of northern and southern Korea. These fecal samples were tested for BCo V, bovine rotavirus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus by RT-PCR. Results: Among the three pathogens examined, infection with BCo V was especially prominent in relation to diarrhea among calves aged 1-21 days [odds ratio(OR)=9.3, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.1-78.9; P=0.02). Infection with BCo V alone(OR=2.9; 95% CI: 1.1-7.6; P=0.03) or coinfection of BCo V with bovine viral diarrhea virus(OR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.0-12.4; P=0.04) was significantly associated with the development of loose feces. Grazing and colostrum intake strongly reduced the occurrence of diarrhea as compared to housed calves(OR=0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.4; P=0.00) and calves that had not been fed colostrum(OR=0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.7; P=0.02), respectively. Conclusions: The present study suggests that BCo V is involved in calf diarrhea in the Republic of Korea. Therefore, grazing and colostrum intake is recommended for preventing and controlling calf diarrhea caused by BCoV.

关键词： Calf diarrhea Bovine coronavirus Bovine viral diarrhea virus Loose feces Grazing

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Unlocking the potential of bacterial cellulose: synthesis, functionalization, and industrial impact

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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2025年第Pt 3期311卷 143951页

作者： Kumaravel, Ashokkumar Lin, Shin-Ping Santoso, Shella Permatasari Shanmugasundaram, Saranya Hsu, Hsien-Yi Hsieh, Chang-Wei Chou, Yu-Chieh Lin, Hui-Wen Cheng, Kuan-Chen Institute of Food Science and Technology National Taiwan University Daan District Taipei10617 Taiwan School of Food Safety Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei11031 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei11031 Taiwan Chemical Engineering Master Program Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Kalijudan 37 Surabaya60114 Indonesia Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Kalijudan 37 Surabaya60114 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Kalijudan 37 Surabaya60114 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering University of Ulsan 93 Daehak-ro Nam-gu Ulsan44610 Korea Republic of City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Tong Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518057 China Department of Food Science and Biotechnology National Chung-Hsing University Taichung City40227 Taiwan Department of Food Science National Ilan University Yilan City260007 Taiwan Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung40201 Taiwan Department of Medical Research Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung40201 Taiwan Institute of Biotechnology National Taiwan University 1 Roosevelt Rd. Sec. 4 Taipei10607 Taiwan Department of Optometry Asia University 500 Lioufeng Rd. Wufeng Taichung41350 Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University 91 Hsueh-Shih Road Taichung40402 Taiwan Department of Food Science Fu Jen Catholic University 510 Zhongzheng Rd. Xinzhuang Dist. New Taipei City242062 Taiwan

In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC), a crystalline and nanoscale fibrillar polymer, has garnered significant interest due to its superior physical, chemical, and mechanical properties compared to plant cellulose. Inherent features of BC, which include high biodegradability, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility, make it a suitable material for use in a wide variety of applications, particularly in the domains of biomedicine and environmental science. However, realizing its full potential requires targeted chemical or physical modifications. Recent developments have focused on in-situ and ex-situ BC modification for various applications. Incorporating functional compounds into cellulose during BC synthesis enhances its strength and functional properties. Additionally, the material properties of BC, such as water content, thermal stability, and antibacterial capabilities, can be enhanced through post-synthesis modifications, including chemical acetylation, phosphorylation, and integration with other biopolymers. Currently, the applicability of BC is being improved using new modification techniques, which involve genetically engineered strains to enhance polymer characteristics and market potential. The review highlights recent advancements in BC research and novel modification strategies that enhance its applications in advanced biomedical engineering and sustainable packaging. © 2025

关键词： Acetylation

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24-Dehydrohippuristanol, a cytotoxic spiroketal steroid from Isis hippuris

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Tetrahedron Letters 2023年 123卷

作者： Yi-Qi Huang Amina M Illias Po-Jen Chen Su-Ying Chien Yueh-Hsiung Kuo Chou-Yuan Ko Chun-Feng Chang Zhi-Hong Wen Tsong-Long Hwang Ping-Jyun Sung Graduate Institute of Marine Biology National Dong Hwa University Pingtung 944401 Taiwan National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium Pingtung 944401 Taiwan Department of Anesthesiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan 333423 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Clinical Immunology Laboratory Department of Medical Research E-Da Hospital I-Shou University Kaohsiung 824005 Taiwan Instrumentation Center National Taiwan University Taipei 106319 Taiwan Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources China Medical University Taichung 404333 Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung 413305 Taiwan Chinese Medical Research Center China Medical University Taichung 404333 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung 802301 Taiwan Institute of Medical Science and Biotechnology National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Division of Urology Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung 802301 Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Graduate Institute of Healthy Industry Technology College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan 333324 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 243303 Taiwan Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung 404394 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807378 Taiwan Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City 242062 Taiwan

Chemical screening of a Formosan sea bamboo octocoral Isis hippuris have led to the isolation of nine spiroketal steroids, including a new metabolite, 24-dehydrohippuristanol ( 1 ), a new natural product, hippuristanol 11-one ( 2 ), as well as seven known analogs, hippuristanol ( 3 ), 22- epi -hippuristanol ( 4 ), hippurin-1 ( 5 ), 22- epi -hippurin-1 ( 6 ), 3-acetyl-22- epi -hippurin-1 ( 7 ), 3α-acetoxy-11β-hydroxy-24-methyl-22,25-epoxy-5α-furostan-18,20β-lactone ( 8 ) and (22 S )-3α-acetoxy-11β,18α-dihydroxy-24-methyl-18,20β;22,25-diepoxy-5α-furostane ( 9 ). The structures of steroids 1 – 9 were corroborated by 2D NMR experiments and comparison with literature data. The configurations of steroids 3 , 4 , 6 and 9 , obtained in previous studies, were reported for the first time in this study by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Steroid 1 exhibited cytotoxic effects against DLD-1 and LoVo cancer cells with IC 50 values of 5.54 and 6.89 μM, respectively.

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Corrigendum to “24-Dehydrohippuristanol, a cytotoxic spiroketal steroid from Isis hippuris ”[Tetrahedron Lett. 123 (2023) 154540]

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Tetrahedron Letters 2023年 124卷

作者： Yi-Qi Huang Amina M. Illias Po-Jen Chen Su-Ying Chien Yueh-Hsiung Kuo Chou-Yuan Ko Chun-Feng Chang Zhi-Hong Wen Tsong-Long Hwang Ping-Jyun Sung Graduate Institute of Marine Biology National Dong Hwa University Pingtung 944401 Taiwan National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium Pingtung 944401 Taiwan Department of Anesthesiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan 333423 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Clinical Immunology Laboratory Department of Medical Research E-Da Hospital I-Shou University Kaohsiung 824005 Taiwan Instrumentation Center National Taiwan University Taipei 106319 Taiwan Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources China Medical University Taichung 404333 Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung 413305 Taiwan Chinese Medical Research Center China Medical University Taichung 404333 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung 802301 Taiwan Institute of Medical Science and Biotechnology National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Division of Urology Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung 802301 Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Graduate Institute of Healthy Industry Technology College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan 333324 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 243303 Taiwan Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung 404394 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807378 Taiwan Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City 242062 Taiwan

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The genetic connectivity of the silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) across Indonesia

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Regional Studies in Marine Science 2023年 68卷

作者： Sembiring, Andrianus Anggoro, Aji Wahyu Cahyani, Ni Kadek Dita Pertiwi, Ni Putu Dian Yusmalinda, Ni Luh Astria Momigliano, Paolo Astarini, Ida Ayu Gautama, Dwi Ariyoga Malik, Muhammad Danie Al Mahardika, Gusti Ngurah Liu, Shang-Yin Vanson Biodiversitas Indonesia Jl. Bina Kasuari B8 Cokroaminoto Ubung Kaja Bali Denpasar 80116 Indonesia Department of Costal Environment Magister of Environmental Science Udayana University Jl PB Sudirman Denpasar Bali 80232 Indonesia Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara Graha Iskandarsyah 3rd.Fl. Jl. Iskandarsyah Raya No. 66C Jakarta Indonesia Biology Department Faculty of Science and Mathematics Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Biology and Marine Fisheries Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Jl. Udayana Singaraja Bali Buleleng 81116 Indonesia Ecological Genetics Research Unit Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Hongkong Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong Bycatch and Shark Conservation Program World Wildlife Fund (WWF)-Indonesia Jl. Letjen TB. Simatupang Kav. 38 Jakarta Selatan 12540 Indonesia United Nations Development Programme Jl. MH. Thamrin Kav. 3 Kebon Sirih Menteng Jakarta Pusat Indonesia Department of Marine Science Faculty of Fishery and Marine Science Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Indonesian Biodiversity Research Center Udayana University Jl P.B. Sudirman Bali Denpasar 80232 Indonesia Animal Biomedical and Molecular Biology Laboratory Udayana University Jl Sesetan-Markisa 6 Bali Denpasar Indonesia Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) has been listed as CITES Appendix II and Vulnerable by IUCN red list. Reports from Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Ocean showed a sharply declining C. falciformis population every year, including in Indonesia. Despite this issue, information on local and regional genetic population structure of this species is still lacking. In this research, we aim to assess the population condition of C. falciformis across Indonesia Fisheries Management Area (FMAs), using mitochondrial genetic data. A total of 225 fins or tissue samples collected from various traditional fish market and shark-fin exporters across Indonesia, then sequenced using mtDNA control region, yielding 510 bp of sequence. The overall Haplotype diversity is high (h: 0.534 ± 0.035). Meanwhile, the nucleotide diversity (θπ) is low (range of 0.00067 – 0.00201) compared to the Atlantic and Red Sea. In addition, the genetic diversity of C. falciformis in Indonesia is lower than other pelagic shark species. Furthermore, AMOVA and Fst results showed a significant structure between Aceh and other locations in Indonesia. Samples from across Indonesia also showed a certain degree of haplotype sharing but with significant genetic structure with others, additionally, the combined dataset revealed a pattern that is similar to previous studies, which showed that the Atlantic population is different from the rest. The distinct genetic population of C. falciformis observed in Aceh may indicate that this population should be managed separately. Meanwhile, the shared genetic information within the Timor Sea indicates the necessity of establishing a co-management plan between Indonesia and neighbouring countries such as Timor-Leste and Australia to ensure the sustainable use of this marine resource. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Connectivity Conservation CR-mtDNA Elasmobranch Population genetic

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The overlapping burden of the three leading causes of disability and death in sub-Saharan African children

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Nature Communications 2022年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Reiner, Robert C. Welgan, Catherine A. Troeger, Christopher E. Baumann, Mathew M. Weiss, Daniel J. Deshpande, Aniruddha Blacker, Brigette F. Miller-Petrie, Molly K. Earl, Lucas Bhatt, Samir Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Aghaali, Mohammad Aji, Budi Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Saqib Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Saeed Amugsi, Dickson A. Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Ansari, Fereshteh Anvari, Davood Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Atout, Maha Moh’d Wahbi Ausloos, Marcel Ausloos, Floriane Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Badawi, Alaa Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Bedi, Neeraj Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhandari, Dinesh Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bijani, Ali Birhanu, Tesega Tesega Mengistu Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Butt, Zahid A. Car, Josip Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel C. Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Coelho, Camila H. Cook, Aubrey J. Damiani, Giovanni Daoud, Farah Gela, Jiregna Darega Darwish, Amira Hamed Daryani, Ahmad Das, Jai K. Davis Weaver, Nicole Deribe, Kebede Desalew, Assefa Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Dorostkar, Fariba Dubljanin, Eleonora Duko, Bereket Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura Effiong, Andem El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enany, Shymaa Fattahi, Nazir Feigin, Valery L. Fernandes, Eduarda Ferrara, Pietro Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A. Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Foroutan, Masoud Frostad, Joseph Jon Fukumoto, Takeshi Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gebrekrstos, Hailemikael Gebrekidan G. K. Gebremeskel, Leake Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew Gething, Peter W. Gezae, Kebede Embaye Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Gubar Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Berhan Ethiopia Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Population Health Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Qom University of Medical Sciences Qom Iran Faculty of Medicine and Public Health Jenderal Soedirman University Purwokerto Indonesia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center Department of Veterans Affairs St Louis MO United States Institute of Health Research University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran Department of Health Policy and Management Kuwait University Safat Kuwait International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding National University of Malaysia Bandar Tun Razak Malaysia Department of Epidemiology Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran Medical Research Center

Despite substantial declines since 2000, lower respiratory infections (LRIs), diarrhoeal diseases, and malaria remain among the leading causes of nonfatal and fatal disease burden for children under 5 years of age (under 5), primarily in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The spatial burden of each of these diseases has been estimated subnationally across SSA, yet no prior analyses have examined the pattern of their combined burden. Here we synthesise subnational estimates of the burden of LRIs, diarrhoea, and malaria in children under-5 from 2000 to 2017 for 43 sub-Saharan countries. Some units faced a relatively equal burden from each of the three diseases, while others had one or two dominant sources of unit-level burden, with no consistent pattern geographically across the entire subcontinent. Using a subnational counterfactual analysis, we show that nearly 300 million DALYs could have been averted since 2000 by raising all units to their national average. Our findings are directly relevant for decision-makers in determining which and targeting where the most appropriate interventions are for increasing child survival. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Biogeography Epidemiology Infectious diseases Malaria

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