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12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024

作者： Caro, Josue Ortega de Fonseca, Antonio H. Rizvi, Syed A. Rosati, Matteo Averill, Christopher Cross, James L. Mittal, Prateek Zappala, Emanuele Dhodapkar, Rahul M. Abdallah, Chadi G. van Dijk, David Wu Tsai Institute United States Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program Yale University United States Baylor College of Medicine United States Department of Computer Science United States Yale School of Medicine United States University of Southern California United States Interdepartmental Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics United States Internal Medicine United States Cardiovascular Research Center Yale University United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics Idaho State University United States

We introduce the Brain Language Model (BrainLM), a foundation model for brain activity dynamics trained on 6,700 hours of fMRI recordings. Utilizing self-supervised masked-prediction training, BrainLM demonstrates proficiency in both fine-tuning and zero-shot inference tasks. Fine-tuning allows for the accurate prediction of clinical variables like age, anxiety, and PTSD as well as forecasting of future brain states. Critically, the model generalizes well to entirely new external cohorts not seen during training. In zero-shot inference mode, BrainLM can identify intrinsic functional networks directly from raw fMRI data without any network-based supervision during training. The model also generates interpretable latent representations that reveal relationships between brain activity patterns and cognitive states. Overall, BrainLM offers a versatile and interpretable framework for elucidating the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of human brain activity. It serves as a powerful "lens" through which massive repositories of fMRI data can be analyzed in new ways, enabling more effective interpretation and utilization at scale. The work demonstrates the potential of foundation models to advance computational neuroscience research. © 2024 12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Brain

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LTE/WI-FI COEXISTENCE ON A FLEXIBLE SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO TESTBED 57

LTE/WI-FI COEXISTENCE ON A FLEXIBLE SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO T...

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57th Annual International Telemetering Conference, ITC 2022

作者： Elahi, Mirza M. Valdez, Kevin J. Gonzalez, Virgilio Computational Science Program The University of Texas at El Paso El PasoTX79968 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at El Paso El PasoTX79968 United States

The rapid rise in usage of mobile devices have not shown any signs of flattening or slowing down. Some efforts in the standardization bodies are underway to define new ways to boost data rate, network capacity and lower the latency by enhancing existing 4G technologies and by incorporating new technologies in 5G. Since lower spectrum has fewer resources, the LTE of unlicensed spectrum LTE-U is being proposed to extend LTE to unlicensed spectrum. Streaming data traffic for licensed spectrum on LTE-U can improve the performance of the system significantly. In this paper LTE-U deployment by the LAA is implemented using the LBT mechanism on a flexible SDR testbed. © 2022 International Foundation for Telemetering. All rights reserved.

关键词： Testbeds

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Feeling the Groove: Identification of Bass patterns from polyphonic audio 22

Feeling the Groove: Identification of Bass patterns from pol...

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22nd IEEE International Conference on Communication Technology, ICCT 2022

作者： Mukherjee, Himadri Marciano, Matteo Dhar, Ankita Roy, Kaushik West Bengal State University Dept. of Computer Science India Music Program New York University Abu Dhabi Gazelien Records Lab Dept. of Arts and Humanities United Arab Emirates Brainware University Dept. of Computational Science India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665470674

Technology has found its way into disparate spheres of music, from production to performance. Researchers have attempted to automate multitudinous aspects in this domain. One of the interests has been towards the automated generation of music pieces itself. Bass grooves are an integral part of most music pieces. It makes a piece sound complete and bridges the gap between the percussion and melody sections. Thus, it is essential for machines to understand bass grooves for automated music analysis and production. Automatically distinguishing bass grooves is difficult and it aggravates even more for polyphonic music. In polyphonic music, the bass grooves tend to be at a lower volume and its frequency range has profound overlap with the percussion section which contributes to the complexity of identification. In this paper, a system is presented to distinguish bass grooves in the presence of drums. Experiments were performed with 7 grooves totaling 4473 clips which were modeled using MFCC-based features. The highest accuracy of 97.38% was obtained using multi-layer perceptron (MLP)-based classification. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Music

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Innovative biomarker exploration in ASD: Combining Graph Neural Networks and permutation testing on fMRI data

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NeuroImage: Reports 2025年第2期5卷 100249-100249页

作者： Wang, Donglin Ding, Wandi Department of Mathematical Sciences Computational and Data Science Program Middle Tennessee State University 1301 E Main St Murfreesboro 37132 TN United States

This study employed Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), specifically an unsupervised GNN, to extract node embeddings from brain regions in both Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and control groups. The objective was to identify potential biomarkers by analyzing node embeddings extracted from a graph model based on functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data. Permutation tests were conducted to identify regions with significant differences in their embeddings between the two groups. Our results revealed several regions exhibiting significant differences, including the cerebellum, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe. These findings align with previous studies on ASD. Moreover, novel regions such as Vermis_3, Vermis_4_5, Fusiform areas, Parietal, and Cuneus were identified, emphasizing the need for further investigation. This study underscores the potential of GNNs in analyzing brain networks for ASD biomarker discovery. The identified regions warrant additional validation and exploration to understand their association with specific domains of ASD symptoms. Our approach presents a promising avenue to advance the diagnosis of ASD and to improve our understanding of its underlying neural basis. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Biomarker Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) Permutation test

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Stochastic Dynamics and Probability Analysis for a Generalized Epidemic Model with Environmental Noise

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Boukanjime, Brahim Maama, Mohamed Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and Economic Calculations Hassan First University of Settat Morocco Applied Mathematics and Computational Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Saudi Arabia

In this paper we consider a stochastic SEIQR (susceptible-exposed-infected-quarantined-recovered) epidemic model with a generalized incidence function. Using the Lyapunov method, we establish the existence and uniqueness of a global positive solution to the model, ensuring that it remains well-defined over time. Through the application of Young’s inequality and Chebyshev’s inequality, we demonstrate the concepts of stochastic ultimate boundedness and stochastic permanence, providing insights into the long-term behavior of the epidemic dynamics under random perturbations. Furthermore, we derive conditions for stochastic extinction, which describes scenarios where the epidemic may eventually die out, and V-geometric ergodicity, which indicates the rate at which the system’s state converges to its equilibrium. Finally, we perform numerical simulations to verify our theoretical results and assess the model’s behavior under different parameters. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic models

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Tungsten Nitride (W5N6): An Ultraresilient 2D Semimetal

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Nano Letters 2024年第1期24卷 67-73页

作者： Chin, Hao-Ting Wang, Deng-Chi Gulo, Desman Perdamaian Yao, Yu-Chi Yeh, Hao-Chen Muthu, Jeyavelan Chen, Ding-Rui Kao, Tzu-Chun Kalbáč, Martin Lin, Ping-Hui Cheng, Cheng-Maw Hofmann, Mario Liang, Chi-Te Liu, Hsiang-Lin Chuang, Feng-Chuan Hsieh, Ya-Ping Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei10617 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Physics National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University Taipei11677 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei115201 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Nano Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Applied Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry Czech Academy of Sciences Dolejškova 2155/3 Prague182 23 Czech Republic Hsinchu300092 Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei10617 Taiwan Center for Theoretical and Computational Physics National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan

Two-dimensional transition metal nitrides offer intriguing possibilities for achieving novel electronic and mechanical functionality owing to their distinctive and tunable bonding characteristics compared to other 2D materials. We demonstrate here the enabling effects of strong bonding on the morphology and functionality of 2D tungsten nitrides. The employed bottom-up synthesis experienced a unique substrate stabilization effect beyond van-der-Waals epitaxy that favored W5N6 over lower metal nitrides. Comprehensive structural and electronic characterization reveals that monolayer W5N6 can be synthesized at large scale and shows semimetallic behavior with an intriguing indirect band structure. Moreover, the material exhibits exceptional resilience against mechanical damage and chemical reactions. Leveraging these electronic properties and robustness, we demonstrate the application of W5N6 as atomic-scale dry etch stops that allow the integration of high-performance 2D materials contacts. These findings highlight the potential of 2D transition metal nitrides for realizing advanced electronic devices and functional interfaces. © 2023 American Chemical Society

关键词： Tungsten compounds

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Exploring Approaches to Answer Biomedical Questions: From Pre-processing to GPT-4 Notebook for the BioASQ Lab at CLEF 2023 24

Exploring Approaches to Answer Biomedical Questions: From Pr...

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24th Working Notes of the Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum, CLEF-WN 2023

作者： Kim, Hyunjae Hwang, Hyeon Lee, Chaeeun Seo, Minju Yoon, Wonjin Kang, Jaewoo Department of Computer Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Computational Health Informatics Program Boston Children’s Hospital BostonMA02115 United States Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States AIGEN Sciences Seoul04778 Korea Republic of

Biomedical question answering (QA) plays a crucial role in assisting researchers, healthcare professionals, and even patients in accessing and retrieving accurate and up-to-date information from the vast amount of biomedical knowledge available in literature. To enhance the efficiency of knowledge discovery and information retrieval, we investigate the efficacy of various pre-processing, model training, data augmentation, and ensemble methods and evaluate a range of advanced pre-trained models such as BioLinkBERT and GPT-4. Additionally, we explore data augmentation and ensemble methods to further improve system performance. In our participation in BioASQ Task 11b-Phase B, our systems achieved a top ranking in all four batches for the yes/no type of questions, in one out of four batches for factoid questions, and in two out of four batches for list-type questions. © 2023 Copyright for this paper by its authors.

关键词： BioASQ 11b BioLinkBERT Data Augmentation Ensemble GPT-4

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Diversity and Evolution of RNA Recognition Motifs: A Case Study on the Utility of RdRp in the phylum Duplornaviricota

Diversity and Evolution of RNA Recognition Motifs: A Case St...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2023

作者： Je, Mikyung Cho, Myeongji Son, Hyeon S. Seoul National University Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Bioinformatics College of Natural Science Seoul Korea Republic of Seoul National University Lab. of Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Graduate School of Public Health Seoul Korea Republic of Seoul National University Institute of Health and Environment Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337488

Viruses possess specific conserved regions known as RNA recognition motifs, which are shared within taxonomic groups. Applying these to the Baltimore virus classification system, there are genes/proteins that serve as biomarkers for each of the seven groups. Mutations in conserved sequence regions can have a significant impact on the function of a virus, especially if these conserved regions are part of a major protein. In this study, we analyzed the RdRp gene, known to be a representative RRM of RNA viruses, from viruses of five families (Alternaviridae, Chrysoviridae, Totiviridae, Sedoreoviridae, and Spinareoviridae) within the phylum Duplornaviricota. Data were retrieved from the NCBI non-redundant (nr) database (https://***/protein) applying a cut-off of 300 amino acids in length. RdRp protein sequences were aligned using PROMALS3D, and PhyML (v3.0) was used for phylogenetic analysis. In the next step, we utilized the officially provided ICTV taxonomy and bioinformatics tools to assign the phylogenetic position of RdRp. Although this analysis focused solely on RdRp, it can be concluded that using this gene as a marker may be sufficient for taxonomic assignment. Subsequent analyses will target DNA viruses and RT viruses to perform a more comprehensive assessment. This extensive analysis aims to validate the usefulness of marker genes in the overall viral taxonomy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： classification marker gene RdRp RNA recognition motif taxonomy virus

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Scaled-up synthesis of defect-rich layered double hydroxide monolayers without organic species for efficient oxygen evolution reaction

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第5期7卷 975-982页

作者： Haoyuan Chi Jingwen Dong Tian Li Sha Bai Ling Tan Jikang Wang Tianyang Shen Guihao Liu Lihong Liu Luyi Sun Yufei Zhao Yu-Fei Song State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China College of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Theoretical&Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China Polymer Program Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemical&Biomolecular EngineeringUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China

The scaled-up synthesis of organic-free monolayer nanomaterials is highly desirable,especially in obtaining green energy by *** this study,a method for the scaled-up synthesis of the series of monolayer layered double hydroxides(LDHs)without the addition of organic solvents is reported via the separate nucleation and aging steps *** resulting monolayer LDHs with the thicknesses of less than 1 nm showed a narrow thickness distribution.X-ray absorption fine-structure revealed that monolayer NiFe-LDH nanosheets have a number of oxygen and metal vacancies *** a practical application,monolayer NiFe-LDH nanosheets containing defects showed an enhanced electrocatalytic water oxidation activity compared with that of bulk *** functional theory calculations uncovered that excellent catalytic activity is attributed to vacancies *** proposed method is an economical and universally applicable strategy for the scaled-up production of monolayer LDHs.

关键词： process synthesis monolayer

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Simulating Floquet scrambling circuits on trapped-ion quantum computers

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Physical Review Research 2025年第2期7卷 023032-023032页

作者： Kazuhiro Seki Yuta Kikuchi Tomoya Hayata Seiji Yunoki Quantum Computational Science Research Team RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing (RQC) Saitama 351-0198 Japan Quantinuum K.K. Otemachi Financial City Grand Cube 3F 1-9-2 Otemachi Chiyoda-ku Tokyo Japan Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS) RIKEN Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Departments of Physics Keio University School of Medicine 4-1-1 Hiyoshi Kanagawa 223-8521 Japan Computational Quantum Matter Research Team RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS) Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Computational Materials Science Research Team RIKEN Center for Computational Science (R-CCS) Kobe Hyogo 650-0047 Japan Computational Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research (CPR) Saitama 351-0198 Japan

Complex quantum many-body dynamics spread initially localized quantum information across the entire system. Information scrambling refers to such a process whose simulation is one of the promising applications of quantum computing. We demonstrate the Hayden-Preskill recovery protocol and the interferometric protocol for calculating out-of-time-ordered correlators to study the scrambling property of a one-dimensional kicked-Ising model on 20-qubit trapped-ion quantum processors. The simulated quantum circuits have a geometrically local structure that exhibits the ballistic growth of entanglement, resulting in the circuit depth being linear in the number of qubits for the entire state to be scrambled. We experimentally confirm the growth of signals in the Hayden-Preskill recovery protocol and the decay of out-of-time-ordered correlators at late times. As an application of the created scrambling circuits, we also experimentally demonstrate the calculation of the microcanonical expectation values of local operators adopting the idea of thermal pure quantum states. Our experiments are made possible by extensively utilizing one of the highest-fidelity quantum processors currently available and, thus, should be considered as a benchmark for the current status of the most advanced quantum computers.

关键词： Trapped ions

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