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Constructing Semantical Structure by Segmentation Integrated Video Embedding for Temporal Action Detection

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video technology 2025年

作者： Zhao, Zixuan Liu, Shuming Zhao, Chengze Zhao, Xu Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Computer Science Program Thuwal23599 Saudi Arabia

Video embedding is the pivot in Temporal Action Detection (TAD). Once the video embedding can robustly capture the essence of actions and perceive activities in complex scenes, the TAD model can more accurately localize action boundaries. Currently, video embedding is typically based on rule-based pixel convolution or cube-based transformer, wherein structured semantic information is intertwined, leading to the submergence of crucial spatial semantic information, such as the intrinsic motion of key semantic objects and interactions among semantic objects. To address these limitations, it is imperative to explore alternative approaches. With the remarkable performance of general semantic segmentation models in visual representation, we introduce the general segmentation model SEEM into the video embedding paradigm, constructing a semantically structured representation from perceptual semantics to cognitive semantics. To more effectively utilize SEEM for structured video representation, we designed the Semantic Adapter (Sem-Adapter) as a bridge to connect the two models. Firstly, we design a Self-Motion Module (SMM) to pay attention to the self-motion of key semantic regions. Secondly, we propose a Mutual Relation Module (MRM) to construct the interactions between semantic regions. Extensive experiments on ActivityNet-1.3, THUMOS-14 and EPIC-Kitchens-100 reveal that our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods under the same input modality, and our method improves the average mAP from 60.6% to 64.2% on THUMOS-14 with the same backbone. The code is available on https://***/shouxiaozixuan/semtad. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Alleviate sidewall damage of InGaN green micro-LEDs by atomic layer etching

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Optics Letters 2025年第11期50卷 3756-3759页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Haicheng Cao Tingang Liu Yi Lu Xiao Tang Zixian Jiang Na Xiao Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Program CEMSE Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

In this work, atomic layer etching (ALE) technology is demonstrated to alleviate the sidewall damage generated during the mesa etching process of InGaN micro-LEDs. TEM images verify the existence of the sidewall damage and its mitigation after 200-cycle ALE sidewall treatment. The defect-related leakage current density significantly decreases from 3 × 10 −5 to 7 × 10 −6 A/cm 2 at −20 V bias through sidewall treatment. InGaN green micro-LEDs (11 µm) with ALE sidewall treatment show a more than 10% enhancement in external quantum efficiency compared to untreated reference devices. This work provides a new, to our knowledge, perspective on addressing the sidewall effect in micro-LEDs, aiding the realization of high-efficiency InGaN micro-LEDs in the near term.

关键词： Atomic force microscopy Indium gallium nitride Indium tin oxide Light extraction Quantum efficiency Surface layers

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2.3-μm deep UV micro-LEDs fabricated by self-aligned selective thermal oxidation process

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Optics Letters 2025年第11期50卷 3628-3631页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Haicheng Cao Tingang Liu Patsy A. Mira Cortez Zixian Jiang Kexin Ren Na Xiao Yi Lu Xiao Tang Zuojian Pan Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Program CEMSE Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

Recently, techniques for fabricating micro-sized deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (DUV LEDs) have been gaining attention. In this work, we propose a selective thermal oxidation (STO) process to fabricate ultra-small DUV micro-LEDs. Annealed in the air at 900°C for 2 h, the p-layers without SiO 2 protection are oxidized into insulating oxides, and oxygen penetrates into parts of the quantum wells. In contrast, the patterned SiO 2 protects the LED structure in the pixel regions. Therefore, micro-LED pixels are formed by the patterned SiO 2 and thermal oxidation process rather than the conventional reactive ion etching. The formed oxide in the unprotected region can function as the insulation layer between p–n electrodes. Meanwhile, the boundary between the pixel and the surrounding oxide is naturally formed during thermal oxidation, which is a “self-aligned” process. Dielectric deposition, precise lithography alignment, and aperture etching in the conventional process are no longer required in STO-based micro-LED fabrication, which reduces production complexity and cost. Based on the STO process, we have achieved 2.3-µm DUV micro-LED standalone pixels and arrays with a 270-nm emission wavelength. The standalone DUV micro-LED is possibly the smallest reported in the literature to date, which has a low-operation voltage of 4.9 and 6.75 V at 10 and 1000 A/cm 2 . Meanwhile, the fabricated DUV micro-LED arrays show leakage current density 4 × 10 −7 A/cm 2 at −5 V and a peak EQE of 0.77% under unpackaged conditions. We hope this work provides a new insight into micro-LED fabrication and further promotes future performance growth of DUV LEDs.

关键词： Light emitting diodes Light extraction Lithography Multiple quantum wells Quantum wells Ultraviolet light emitting diodes

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PHORTEX: Physically-Informed Operational Robotic Trajectories for Scientific Expeditions

Field Robotics

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Field Robotics 2025年 4卷 138-181页

作者： Victoria L. Preston Genevieve E. Flaspohler John W. Fisher Anna P. M. Michel Nicholas Roy Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program Cambridge MA 02139 Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program Cambridge MA 02139 Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA 02543

Mobile robots are increasingly used to collect valuable in situ samples during scientific expeditions. However, many phenomena of scientific interest—deep-sea hydrothermal plumes, algal blooms, warm-core eddies, and lava flows—are spatiotemporal distributions that evolve on spatial and temporal scales that complicate sample collection. Here, we consider the problem of charting the space-time dynamics of deep-sea hydrothermal plumes with the state-of-the-art autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Sentry. In the hydrothermal plume charting problem, the plume state is driven by complicated and unobserved dynamics in the deep sea. To effectively sample the moving plume, an autonomy system must infer plume dynamics from sparse, point observations, while respecting operational constraints of AUV Sentry that restrict the set of possible trajectories to nonadaptive, uniform-coverage patterns. We frame the plume charting problem as a sequential decision-making problem and formulate a mission planner PHORTEX (PHysically-informed Operational Robotic Trajectories for Expeditions) that strategically designs full mission trajectories for Sentry, where each mission plan is informed by the observations of the last. PHORTEX is composed of a trajectory optimizer, which maximizes expected samples collected within a moving plume, and PHUMES (PHysically-informed Uncertainty Models for Environment Spatiotemporality), a modeling framework that leverages an embedded simulator of idealized plume physics as an inductive bias to enable dynamics learning from extreme partial observations and a few Sentry deployments. In both simulation and in field trials at a hydrothermal site in the Gulf of California, we demonstrate that Sentry using PHORTEX learns to track a moving hydrothermal plume and gather samples that significantly improve upon baseline spatial and temporal diversity for use in downstream science tasks.

关键词： Trajectory Sensors Oceans Vehicle dynamics Robot sensing systems Adaptation models Spatiotemporal phenomena Decision making Marine robots Environmental monitoring Mobile robots

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Machine Learning Stroke Prediction in Smart Healthcare:Integrating Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor and Artificial Neural Networks with Feature Selection Techniques

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 5115-5134页

作者： Abdul Ahad Ira Puspitasari Jiangbin Zheng Shamsher Ullah Farhan Ullah Sheikh Tahir Bakhsh Ivan Miguel Pires Department Information System Study Program Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya60286Indonesia School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Research Center for Quantum Engineering Design Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya60286Indonesia School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518061China Cybersecurity Center Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University617Al JawharahKhobarDhahran34754Saudi Arabia Cardiff School of Technologies Cardiff Metropolitan UniversityWestern AvenueCardiffCF52YBUK Instituto de Telecomunicacoes Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestao de AguedaUniversidade de Aveiroágueda3750-127Portugal

This research explores the use of Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbor(F-KNN)and Artificial Neural Networks(ANN)for predicting heart stroke incidents,focusing on the impact of feature selection methods,specifically Chi-Square and Best First Search(BFS).The study demonstrates that BFS significantly enhances the performance of both *** BFS preprocessing,the ANN model achieved an impressive accuracy of 97.5%,precision and recall of 97.5%,and an Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)area of 97.9%,outperforming the Chi-Square-based ANN,which recorded an accuracy of 91.4%.Similarly,the F-KNN model with BFS achieved an accuracy of 96.3%,precision and recall of 96.3%,and a Receiver Operating Characteristics(ROC)area of 96.2%,surpassing the performance of the Chi-Square F-KNN model,which showed an accuracy of 95%.These results highlight that BFS improves the ability to select the most relevant features,contributing to more reliable and accurate stroke *** findings underscore the importance of using advanced feature selection methods like BFS to enhance the performance of machine learning models in healthcare applications,leading to better stroke risk management and improved patient outcomes.

关键词： Fuzzy K-nearest neighbor artificial neural network accuracy precision recall F-measure Chi-Square best search first heart stroke

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Feasibility Analysis Study on Constructing a Grid Intrusion Detection System Using Semi-supervised Learning Models 2nd

Feasibility Analysis Study on Constructing a Grid Intrusion ...

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2nd International Conference on Security and Information Technologies with AI, Internet Computing and Big-data Applications, SITAIBA 2023

作者： Tsai, Chia-Wei Lin, Jason Yang, Chun-Wei Loo, Fu-Nie Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taichung University of Science and Technology No.129 Sec.3 Sanmin Rd North District Taichung404 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Chung Hsing University No. 145 Xingda Rd. South District Taichung40227 Taiwan Master Program for Digital Health Innovation China Medical University No. 100 Sec. 1 Jingmao Rd. Beitun Dist. Taichung406040 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819777853

In recent years, due to the proliferation of information and communication technology, as well as AI technology, industrial control systems, which were once in a closed network environment, have also integrated related technologies and gradually connected to external networks. Although this can enhance the efficiency of industrial production, it greatly increases the information security threats to industrial control systems. Among them, the information security issues of critical infrastructures are a key issue. If these critical infrastructures are attacked by cyber hackers, it could pose threats that jeopardize the safety of the general population. In light of this, this study focuses on the critical infrastructure of the power grid, proposing a semi-supervised intrusion detection system (IDS) technology by using the one-class classification. It analyzes data from the electricity distribution system to assess whether the system has been attacked. This research employs a power grid dataset to train the proposed model and execute the experiments. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Network intrusion

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Comments on "relaxed Conditions for the Input-to-State Stability of Switched Nonlinear Time-Varying Systems"

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2025年第6期70卷 4233-4236页

作者： Şahan, Gökhan Trenn, Stephan Izmir Institute of Technology Department of Mathematics and Computational Science and Engineering Program Urla Izmir Turkey University of Groningen Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Groningen9722BA Netherlands

This study addresses the deficiencies in the assumptions of the results in Chen and Yang, 2017 [1] due to the lack of uniformity. We first show the missing hypothesis by presenting a counterexample. Then we prove why they are wrong in that form and show the errors in the proof of the main result of [1]. Next, we compare the assumptions and related results of [1] with similar works in the literature. Lastly, we give suggestions to complement the shortcomings of the hypotheses and thus correct them. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Nonlinear simulations

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Implementation and Evaluation of 0.6 µm CMOS Complex RCPF for Accurate Frequency Response Measurement

IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems

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IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 2025年第1期145卷 25-37页

作者： Sato, Lina Fukagawa, Kanta Shouno, Kazuhiro Tanimoto, Hiroshi Muto, Cosy Moriyama, Seijiro Takahashi, Chikau Yoshino, Michitaka Graduate School of Science and Technology Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Master’s Program in Computer Science University of Tsukuba Japan Division of Information Engineering University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennoudai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8573 Japan Kitami Institute of Technology 165 Koen-cho Hokkaido Kitami090-8507 Japan Faculty of Education Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki852-8521 Japan Anagix Corporation 3-22-27 Numama Kanagawa Zushi249-0004 Japan Takamori Corporation Japan Research Center for Micro-Nano Technology Hosei University 3-11-15 Midori-cho Koganei Tokyo184-0003 Japan

This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of an RC polyphase filter (RCPF) and circuitry for measuring its frequency characteristics. The integrated circuit is fabricated on a 0.6 µm CMOS process and its supply voltage is 5 V. The integrated circuit includes a filter under test (FUT), a four-phase square wave generator, several analog switches and differential amplifiers to amplify the high-impedance signals of the RCPF. This FUT is a third-order complex RCPF whose passband is 8 − 40 MHz. This paper describes the design of these circuits in detail. This integrated circuit can select two measurement methods by means of external control signals. The first method uses a four-phase square wave. The frequency characteristics are measured by using an on-chip four-phase square wave generator driven by an external clock generator and by a spectrum analyzer tuned to the fundamental frequency. The second method uses an external network analyzer. Furthermore, this integrated circuit is equipped with a calibration circuit to measure the frequency characteristics of the circuitry except FUT by passing through the input / output signals of the FUT. As a result, the frequency characteristics of the FUT itself can be accurately measured. The effectiveness is confirmed through evaluation of the fabricated integrated circuit. © 2025 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Differential amplifiers

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Development of Charge Integrator Circuits with a Microcontroller for Cylindrical Capacitive Sensors in Paddy Moisture Balance Detectors

Development of Charge Integrator Circuits with a Microcontro...

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International Electrical Engineering Congress (iEECON)

作者： Sudarat Tokampang Nattapong Apirattanon Noppadon Sisuk Anucha Kaewpoonsuk Deparment of Physics Faculty of Science Naresuan University Phitsanulok Thailand Program of Computer Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Phibunsongkhram Rajabhat University Phitsanulok Thailand

ISBN: (数字)9798331543952

ISBN: (纸本)9798331543969

This article presents a method for indirectly measuring the moisture content of paddy using a cylindrical capacitive sensor combined with Charge Integrator Circuits. The moisture measurement device operates based on the principle of the dielectric constant of paddy, which changes according to the moisture content within them. The system consists of a moisture detection section utilizing a cylindrical capacitor, a signal generator operating at a frequency of 500 Hz with a microcontroller, a signal conditioning circuit converting the signal to voltage, and a processing unit. Testing was conducted with paddy at five different moisture levels, demonstrating the ability to accurately determine the moisture content of the rice. When compared to the commercially available PM-450TH moisture meter, the results showed a linear response across the measurement range, with an R 2 value of 0.9824 and an average error of 2.6%. This technology has the potential for further development and application to other types of seeds in the future.

关键词： Accuracy Moisture measurement Microcontrollers Circuits Measurement uncertainty Moisture Dielectric measurement Capacitive sensors Standards Charge measurement

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Light extraction improvement via ITO p-electrodes for InGaN red micro-LEDs emitting at 640 nm

Optics Continuum

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Optics Continuum 2025年第5期4卷 1040-1050页

作者： Cesur Altinkaya Mohammed A Najmi Daisuke Iida Kazuhiro Ohkawa Material Science and Engineering Program Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia cesur.altinkaya@kaust.edu.sa Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia daisuke.iida@kaust.edu.sa kazuhiro.ohkawa@kaust.edu.sa

We present light extraction efficiency (LEE) improvement for InGaN red micro-light emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) of various sizes operating at low current densities. We compared the characteristics of micro-LEDs with indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent p-electrodes with conventional opaque metal p-electrodes. 50 µm × 50 µm micro-LEDs with ITO p-electrodes achieved a peak on-wafer external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 2.54% with an emission wavelength of 640 nm at a current density as low as 0.4 A/cm 2 . This represents a 1.18-fold improvement in peak EQE compared to devices with metal p-electrodes. Light ray tracing simulation confirmed that the ITO p-electrodes exhibit 1.18 times higher light escape than metal-based micro-LEDs, validating the role of enhanced light extraction. These findings provide valuable insights for advancing high-definition display and VR applications.

关键词： Atomic layer deposition Indium tin oxide Light extraction Opacity Quantum efficiency Ray tracing

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